医学生职业道德教育现状及医德心理培育的必要性

医学生作为医务工作的后备力量,他们的职业道德水平直接关系到我国目前医疗卫生行业的行风建设及医患关系的改善.然而,从目前我国医学院校职业道德教育现状看,其内容陈旧、形式枯燥乏味,达不到教育目的.道德心理决定道德行为,医学生的职业道德教育同样需要有职业道德心理作基础.因此,医学生职业道德教育要取得实效,必须注重其职业道德心理的培育.     

职业道德悖论现象审思

服从于职业"需要"的职业道德规范,缺少对道德客体应有的人性关怀,主体的道德选择难免陷入"自相矛盾"的悖论境地。这种悖论现象的存在,模糊了"是"与"非"的应当界限,影响着人们对"善"与"恶"的正确判断。回归职业道德规范于人的"道德"本义,是排解职业道德悖论的应有路径。     

Improving Epistemological Beliefs and Moral Judgment Through an STS-Based Science Ethics Education Program

This study develops a Science–Technology–Society (STS)-based science ethics education program for high school students majoring in or planning to major in science and engineering. Our education program includes the fields of philosophy, history, sociology and ethics of science and technology, and other STS-related theories. We expected our STS-based science ethics education program to promote students’ epistemological beliefs and moral judgment development. These psychological constructs are needed to properly solve complicated moral and social dilemmas in the fields of science and engineering. We applied this program to a group of Korean high school science students gifted in science and engineering. To measure the effects of this program, we used an essay-based qualitative measurement. The results indicate that there was significant development in both epistemological beliefs and moral judgment. In closing, we briefly discuss the need to develop epistemological beliefs and moral judgment using an STS-based science ethics education program.     

Fostering Moral Development Through Creative Dramatics

Wallin used creative dramatics to stimulate the moral development of students in inner-city schools. Moral dilemma situations were dramatized. At first, the source of the dilemmas was commercially available materials, but later the students created their own materials, three of which Wallin summarizes. The dramatic presentations, followed by discussion, may be a method for growth in moral judgments and ultimately in advanced moral behavior.     

道德教育之道德的内容结构探讨

道德教育的根本宗旨应是培养既愿做又会做"道德人"的"道德人",这就要求道德教育之道德的内容应是由道德知识、特定社会的道德现实、主体的道德能力构成的有机统一体,不作如是观,道德教育培养的"道德人"便只是"道德书生",在道德实践中可能会因缺乏道德实践能力而时常陷入道德悖论的"困惑"之中,进而可能背离愿意做"道德人"的初衷,转而渐渐不愿做"道德人".构建合理的道德教育之道德的内容结构,需要厘清基本理路,作多方面的认知创新.     

Authentic Education and Moral Responsibility

abstract An appeal to children's authenticity is widespread in major debates in the philosophy of education. However, no evident uniform conception of authenticity informs the dialectic. We begin with examples that confirm this multiplicity. We then uncover a common strand that unifies these seemingly differing conceptions: authenticity is exemplified by motivational elements, such as the agent's desires, when these elements are, in a manner to be explicated, ‘truly the agent's own’. It is this view of authenticity that is the mainstay of a predicament in the philosophy of education: if education entails intentional instilment of certain motivational elements in the child but such intentional moulding, in the absence of the agent's consent, is generally incompatible with authenticity, how is an authentic education possible? We respond by developing a relational account of authenticity that denies that motivational elements are authentic in their own right; they are authentic only relative to ensuring certain ends.     

Alcohol Education Through Computer-Assisted Instruction

The author describes the application of computer-assisted instruction (CM) to alcohol education. The program, titled If You Drink, contains five modules that teach about the effects of alcohol, blood alcohol content, drinking and driving, decision making about drinking, and interactions between alcohol and commonly prescribed medications.     

当代道德教育指向:从道德顺从到道德选择的理路

我国的道德教育有着悠久的历史,其主体流质是道德顺从教育,原因有:伦理本位的思想传统;群体本位的教育倾向和道德教育的政治统治功能强化。当代道德教育的时代背景的变迁即社会结构的转型和多元化社会的形成以及当代道德教育人本倾向和生活世界的实践回归,标示着道德选择教育成为了道德教育的内在要求和指向。     

Moral Judgment Research and the Cognitive-Developmental Approach to Moral Education

Describing Kohlberg's interview test and his own Defining Issues Test (DIT), Rest assures us that we now have usable, reliable ways of assessing an individual's moral judgment development level. There is evidence for accepting a developmental sequence in moral judgment, from low stage thinking to higher stage thinking. Rest reviews the evidence for three aspects of morality as part of the cognitive domain, although numerous other factors beyond moral judgment influence concrete behavior. The author offers impressions about educational interventions. Moral judgment theory is considered the current best choice for “theoretical richness, practical implications, validated findings.”     

培育道德精神:道德教育之本

道德精神,就是人们敬畏道德、向往道德、享受道德、坚守道德的心理意识,也就是儒家所说的"诚"的精神.培育人们的道德精神是道德教育的内在要求和根本旨归.当今社会,培育人们的道德精神是十分重要的.     

陶行知的德育理论实质上是生活德育论

在陶行知极其丰富的教育思想即生活教育理论中 ,德育理论占有重要的位置。他生前虽然只对生活教育下过定义 ,没有对生活德育下定义 ,但却有丰富的生活德育思想 ,而且其生活德育理论自成体系。文章从教育源于生活、生活教育与德育目标和方法的一致性、德育途径和德育理论基础四个方面论述了陶行知的德育理论实质上是生活德育论     

孟子的道德修养论及其德育启示

道德修养问题,是中国古代伦理思想史以及道德教育史中一个十分重要的问题.中国古代的哲学家,自孔子以来,都很重视道德修养.特剐是孟子作为中国儒家代表之一,他认为注重道德修养、修养洁身是做人的第一要务.通过对孟子道德修养学说主要内容进行诠释,深刻挖掘孟子道德修养学说的精华,结合当前大学德育的现实,我们可以获得有益的启示.     

孟子德育思想的整体架构

孟子是先秦儒家学派的重要代表人物,其德育思想主要表现为:通过创立性善论建立了道德教育的理论基础;把仁义统一为道德教育的核心内容;强调自我教育是德育的关键环节;推崇诗意的理想人格从而达到以德治国的政治目的.