艰难的安乐死

安乐死立法难,依法更难,执法难上难。有法不依,执法不严;一失足成千古恨,再回头已是百年身。     

安乐死论纲

就发展中国式安乐死提出了１８条纲领性意见。指出安乐死是一种社会文明,需要进行学科的、理论的、法制的、伦理的建设,超越传统上升到新的时代高度。就安乐死的定义、本质、目的、性质、权利、分型、对象等基本问题提出了不同于国外的独立见解。对于安乐死的立法、法制管理的体制和程序,以及医学伦理、生命伦理要服从社会伦理,树立新的安乐死伦理观提出了具体建议。     

安乐死立法的条件分析--兼评"安乐死暂行条例(草案)(建议稿)"

安乐死是社会发展进程中所面临的一个不可避免的问题。在我国 ,自 80年代以来 ,安乐死的讨论、调查和研究逐步深入。在此进程中 ,尤其是自“汉中案件”以后 ,安乐死的立法问题几乎成为所有讨论、调查和研究的最后聚焦点或最后的理论归宿。“安乐死暂行条例 (草案 ) (建议稿 )”的提出[1] (以下简称“草案”) ,在安乐死立法问题上 ,迈出了实质性的一步。“草案”实际上代表着目前在安乐死立法问题上的一种主流意见。在这种主流意见 (不一定就是“草案”本身 )被立法机关采纳之前 ,应该有更冷静的思考和分析 ,应当促使安乐死问题有一个更深入…     

Euthanasia and the Slippery Slope

Although those with liberal attitudes towards voluntary euthanasia are often castigated as crude consequentialists who give overriding value to social utility, two common arguments against permitting active voluntary euthanasia even in the most desperate of cases, the slippery-slope argument and the argument that further research into terminal care and pain control will be discouraged, are entirely consequentialist, and to invoke them to justify withholding assistance in these desperate cases is to fail to respect patients as ends in themselves.     

Euthanasia,Autonomy and Beneficence

Our interpretation of the Greek term sarx (σ?ρξ) has great impact on how we view the anthropology and theology expressed in Paul’s letters, and in Luke/Acts. This article takes Nida and Taber’s depiction of the semantic componential structure of σ?ρξ in Luke 24:39 and in Romans 11:14 as a starting point for a discussion of the semantic structure of σ?ρξ in these texts. The hermeneutical and translational principle of mental cascades (Lakoff and Wehling) provides a way to describe the associative links that exist between concepts in any language. Often, but not always, σ?ρξ has been translated into the English term flesh.     

安乐死问题的历史及其研究

在现代医学条件下 ,“安乐死”问题已经越来越引起世人的关注。“安乐死”即为“快乐的死亡”或“尊严的死亡”。这是一个问题丛生的领域 ,因为这不仅在“听任死亡”、“仁慈助死”和“仁慈杀死”等问题上关涉到种种道德问题 ,而且由于道德问题 ,在安乐死的立法问题上也疑云重重。     

Voluntariness,Suffering and Euthanasia

Abstract

Dutch euthanasia legislation states that an act of euthanasia is only permissible if it is based on a voluntary request made in a situation of unbearable suffering to which there are no alternatives.The central question of this article is whether these criteria can be satisfied simultaneously. In an analysis of several (partly overlapping) definitions of voluntariness it is argued that there are circumstances in which this question should be answered negatively.The possible incompatibility of the criteria reveals a tension between different defences of the permissibility of euthanasia.     

急诊病人的安乐死问题探讨

安乐死问题长期以来是我国乃至世界医学界、法律界争论的焦点之一 ,有关专家对是否实施安乐死、实施安乐死的对象以及时机等问题争议颇多。急诊是一个抢救突发事件中受难者及突发疾病病人的场所 ,医护人员在救死扶伤的同时遇到了许多涉及社会伦理、道德等方面的问题。其中对于那些已经发生脑死亡或已处于植物状态、深昏迷状态 ,转复可能几乎为零的患者 ,是继续全力以赴抢救还是终止治疗甚至实施安乐死还没有一个令人满意的办法。本文将结合我校长海医院急诊科收治的 3例病例讨论实施安乐死的有关问题。1　临床资料例 1,男 ,58岁 ,平素体健 ,…     

Euthanasia: A Buddhist perspective

This paper introduces basic Buddhist cosmology and ethical teachings, emphasizing the concepts of rebirth and Karma. There follows a discussion of the Buddhist view of illness and its causes. Using these introductory concepts, the Buddhist view on euthanasia is explored and contrasted with the views of Marvin Kohl, a leading proponent of euthanasia. It is shown that Buddhism prohibits euthanasia as an option for the terminally ill but instead advocates hospice care. The paper is offered to expand the current dialogue on bioethical issues beyond the Judeo-Christian perspective.