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1.
R. Enrique Varela Juan Jose Sanchez-Sosa Bridget K. Biggs Timothy M. Luis 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(2):132-145
The cross cultural equivalence of child (n = 217) and parent (n = 283) versions of the revised children’s manifest anxiety scale (RCMAS), multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC),
and the fear survey schedule for children—revised (FSSC-R) was examined in Mexican youth in Mexico, and Hispanic and white
European American youth in the USA. The RCMAS, MASC, and FSSC-R showed cross ethnic measurement equivalence. The Mexican and
Hispanic youth reported more worries, and the Mexican youth reported more somatic symptoms than the European American youth.
Per mother report, Mexican and Hispanic youth express more somatic symptoms than European American youth who also show the
least number of fears of the unknown and fears of danger and death. The results support the validity of commonly used child
anxiety measures with these populations and accrue evidence for greater anxiety and fear expression by Hispanic and Mexican
youth in certain domains.
相似文献
R. Enrique VarelaEmail: |
2.
We examined the associations between the parenting dimensions autonomy granting, over control, and rejection and children’s
anxiety, in relation to parent and child gender and child age. Elementary school-aged children (n = 179, M
age = 10.27, SD = 1.30), adolescents (n = 127, M
age = 15.02, SD = 1.54) and both their parents completed questionnaires on parenting and children’s anxiety. Parenting was more strongly
related to child anxiety in elementary school children than in adolescents. Maternal over control was uniquely related to
elementary school-aged children’s anxiety whereas paternal over control was more important during adolescence. Opposite to
our expectations, we found higher levels of parental autonomy granting to be related to higher levels of anxiety for younger
elementary school-aged children (age < 10). For adolescents, the association between paternal over control and anxiety was
stronger for older adolescents (age > 15), with higher levels of over control related to higher levels of anxiety. For both
elementary school-aged children and adolescents, the associations between parenting and child anxiety did not differ as a
function of the child’s gender. If we are to understand the associations between parenting and children’s anxiety, it is important
to distinguish parental autonomy granting from parental over control and to consider the role of parent gender and the age
of the child. 相似文献
3.
Kam CM Greenberg MT Bierman KL Coie JD Dodge KA Foster ME Lochman JE McMahon RJ Pinderhughes EE;Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(3):365-377
This longitudinal study examined processes that mediate the association between maternal depressive symptoms and peer social
preference during the early school years. Three hundred and fifty six kindergarten children (182 boys) and their mothers participated
in the study. During kindergarten, mothers reported their level of depressive symptomatology. In first grade, teachers rated
children’s emotion regulation at school and observers rated the affective quality of mother-child interactions. During second
grade, children’s social preference was assessed by peer nomination. Results indicated that mothers’ level of depressive symptomatology
negatively predicted their child’s social preference 2 years later, controlling for the family SES and teacher-rated social
preference during kindergarten. Among European American families, the association between maternal depressive symptoms and
social preference was partially mediated by maternal warmth and the child’s emotion regulation. Although the relation between
maternal depressive symptoms and children peer preference was stronger among African American families than Europrean American
families, its mediation by the maternal warmth and child’s emotion regulation was not found in African American families. 相似文献
4.
Carlye Kincaid Deborah J. Jones Jessica Cuellar Michelle Gonzalez 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(1):102-110
A distinction between parental behavioral control and psychological control has been elucidated in the literature, yet far
less is known about the role of psychological control in youth adjustment broadly or risky behavior in particular. We examined
the interrelationship of maternal psychological control, youth psychosocial adjustment, and youth risk behaviors among African
American single mother-youth (11–16-year old) dyads (n = 194), families in which youth are more vulnerable to adjustment problems and risky behavior than Caucasian youth or youth
from intact homes. Higher levels of maternal psychological control were associated with increased youth psychosocial adjustment
problems as well as increased youth risk behavior, after statistically controlling for one domain of behavioral control, parental
knowledge about a child’s whereabouts and activities. Furthermore, youth externalizing problems mediated the relation between
psychological control and risk behavior. The findings suggest that parenting programs targeting risk behavior among African
American youth may benefit from including psychological control among the parenting dimensions that are targeted. 相似文献
5.
Calonie M. K. Gray Rona Carter Wendy K. Silverman 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(2):205-213
This cross-sectional study examined the relations among children’s ethnic pride, perceived parenting behavior (i.e., parental
control, parental acceptance), anxiety sensitivity, and child anxiety symptoms (i.e., physical symptoms, social anxiety symptoms,
separation anxiety symptoms, and harm avoidance symptoms) in 266 African American school children (M = 9.98 years old; 55% girls). Structural equation modeling results indicated that high ethnic pride was associated with high
parental acceptance. High perceived parental acceptance, in turn, was related to children reporting low levels of social anxiety
symptoms and high levels of harm avoidance. In addition, high parental control was related to high anxiety sensitivity. Anxiety
sensitivity partially mediated the relation between parental control and separation anxiety symptoms, such that parental control
was both directly and indirectly related to separation anxiety symptoms. Parental control was indirectly related to physical
symptoms, social anxiety symptoms, and harm avoidance symptoms through its direct link to anxiety sensitivity. The study’s
results increment knowledge about factors influencing specific dimensions of anxiety in African American children. 相似文献
6.
Noni K. Gaylord-Harden Cynthya L. Campbell Christine M. Kesselring 《Journal of child and family studies》2010,19(5):579-587
We examined the effects of maternal parenting behavior on coping strategies in 200 low-income, African American children (mean
age = 10.41) and the role of child gender and economic stress on these effects. Participants completed measures of perceived
economic stressors, coping strategies and perceptions of mothers’ parenting behaviors. Regression analyses demonstrated a
main effect for maternal support on active coping and support-seeking coping. For boys, hierarchical regression analyses revealed
that maternal support and economic stressors interacted to predict active and support-seeking coping. For girls, there was
a significant interaction between maternal psychological control and economic stressors in the prediction of avoidant coping.
Our results add to the literature on the effects of parent–child relationships on children’s responses to stress. 相似文献
7.
Yelena P. Wu James P. Selig Michael C. Roberts Ric G. Steele 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(4):414-423
The vast majority of new mothers experience at least some depressive symptoms. Postpartum maternal depressive symptoms can
greatly influence children’s outcomes (e.g., emotional, cognitive, language, and social development). However, there have
been relatively few longitudinal studies of how maternal depressive symptoms may influence children’s social skills. The current
study (n = 1363) examined the trajectory of maternal depressive symptoms (from 1 month to 36 months) and whether maternal depressive
symptoms at 1 month postpartum and the change in symptoms over time (from 1 month to 3 years) predicted children’s parent-
and teacher-rated social skills when they were 4.5 and 6.0 years old. A growth curve model indicated that, on average, maternal
depressive symptoms declined over time in a nonlinear fashion. Further analyses indicated that after controlling for five
demographic factors (child sex, family income, maternal age, mother’s marital status, and maternal education), initial maternal
depressive symptoms significantly predicted children’s social skills as reported by mothers. The results support the notion
that maternal depressive symptoms during children’s infancy can have long-term associations with children’s social skills.
In addition, the results emphasize the importance of intervention and prevention efforts targeting maternal depressive symptoms
during infancy, beginning immediately postpartum. 相似文献
8.
This study tested a mediation model of neighborhood influences on children’s externalizing behavior. In the proposed model,
neighborhood disadvantage, ethnic heterogeneity, and low residential stability affect children’s behavior indirectly through
their impact on neighborhood social processes, which in turn influence parenting and deviant peer affiliations. A community
sample of 704 preadolescents (76% African American, 22% Caucasian) and their parents and teachers provided information for
the study. Neighborhood concentrated poverty, derived from the 2000 U.S. Census, was positively associated with children’s
externalizing behavior. This effect was fully mediated by neighborhood social processes and parenting quality, while deviant
peer affiliations made independent contributions to problem behavior. The final mediation model explained children’s externalizing
behavior equally well across gender and ethnicity, suggesting the presence of universal processes. 相似文献
9.
The influence of children’s age, and parents’ and children’s gender on parents’ attributions and emotional and behavioral
responses to their children’s successful and unsuccessful social and academic outcomes, was investigated. Seventy-six dual-parent
families (mothers and fathers) of fifth (n=28), eighth (n=23), and eleventh grade (n=25) children participated. The results of this study suggest that from fifth grade on, at least, the ways parents explain
the causes of and respond to their children’s social behavior and academic outcomes involves a complex interaction of children’s
age, children’s gender, parents’ gender, domain, and outcome. Results are discussed in terms of children’s socialization.
This paper is based in part on a master’s thesis at Clark University by the first author. An earlier version of this paper
was presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Providence, RI, April 1994. The authors would
like to thank the parents, teachers, and school administrators of Holden and Auburn, Massachusetts, who participated in this
project. We would also like to thank Kristen Rotis and Leslie Edwards for their tireless help in revising and preparing the
questionnaires, and for entering data for this project. 相似文献
10.
Breast and global body dissatisfaction were examined in Asian (n = 237), European (n = 196), Hispanic (n = 109), and African (n = 58) American college women. Asian American women reported the lowest body satisfaction on the Appearance Evaluation Scale
(Cash, T. F. The multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire users’ manual: 3rd revision, 2000) and greatest breast dissatisfaction on one of two breast dissatisfaction measures. Ethnic differences in breast dissatisfaction,
but not in body dissatisfaction, disappeared when body size (BMI) was statistically controlled. Results were consistent with
research showing that (1) ethnic differences in body dissatisfaction are small, (2) studies of ethnic differences must include
appropriate controls for total or specific body size, and (3) Asian college women report lower global body satisfaction than
women of African, European, or Hispanic heritage.
For additional papers and information, please contact David Frederick at enderflies1@aol.com, visit his website at or contact Gordon B. Forbes at gforbes@millikin.edu. 相似文献
11.
This study examined concurrent and longitudinal associations between peer deviance, parenting practices, and conduct and oppositional
problems among young girls ages 7 and 8. Participants were 588 African American and European American girls who were part
of a population-based study of the development of conduct problems and delinquency among girls. Affiliations with problem-prone
peers were apparent among a sizeable minority of the girls, and these associations included both males and females. Although
peer delinquency concurrently predicted disruptive behaviors, the gender of these peers did not contribute to girls’ behavior
problems. Harsh parenting and low parental warmth showed both concurrent and prospective associations with girls’ disruptive
behaviors. Similar patterns of association were seen for African American and European American girls. The findings show that
peer and parent risk processes are important contributors to the early development of young girls’ conduct and oppositional
behaviors. These data contribute to our understanding of girls’ aggression and antisocial behaviors and further inform our
understanding of risk processes for these behaviors among young girls in particular.
相似文献
Alison HipwellEmail: |
12.
Andrea V. McPherson Kristen M. Lewis Amy E. Lynn Mary E. Haskett Tara S. Behrend 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(1):61-69
We examined a model of parenting stress for abusive mothers (n = 80) and nonabusive mothers (n = 86) using linear regression analyses. Predictors in the model included (a) the degree to which mothers were bothered by
child misbehavior, (b) mothers’ general psychological functioning, and (c) observed child behavior during parent–child interactions.
Whether abuse status moderated the relations between each predictor and parenting stress was also explored. Results indicated
that mothers’ psychological functioning significantly predicted parenting stress; however, neither mothers’ intolerance for
their children’s misbehavior nor observed child behavior were significant predictors of parenting stress in the regression
model. A test of moderation revealed a significant interaction between parental intolerance and abuse status such that intolerance
predicted parenting stress level only for abusive mothers. A comparison of correlations indicated that abusive mothers’ level
of parenting stress was more closely related to their intolerance for child conduct problems than to the child’s behavior
during play with their mothers. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for interventions to reduce parenting stress
experienced by nonabusive and abusive mothers. 相似文献
13.
Graves KD Christopher J Harrison TM Peshkin BN Isaacs C Sheppard VB 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(6):674-689
We examined healthcare providers’ perceptions of genetic counseling and testing in African American women at moderate to high-risk
of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation. We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with genetic counselors (n = 5), medical oncologists (n = 8), obstetrician/gynecologists (n = 2) and surgeons (n = 5). Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and independently coded by two individuals using a content analysis approach.
Seven themes emerged relevant to providers’ perceptions of African American women’s use of BRCA1/2 genetic services: access factors, cultural beliefs and preferences, effects of testing, patient motivators for genetic counseling
and testing, patient-provider communication, reasons for provider referral, and reasons for patient refusal. Providers identified
individual- and system-level barriers to African American women’s use of genetic services, including lack of follow-up after
referrals to genetic specialists and challenges to obtaining financial coverage for under- and uninsured high-risk women.
Results have implications for physician and patient education regarding appropriate referrals to and uptake of genetic services
in at-risk African American women. 相似文献
14.
Paul L. Morgan George Farkas Marianne M. Hillemeier Steven Maczuga 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(3):401-413
We used a large sample of singleton children to estimate the effects of socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, gender,
additional socio-demographics, gestational and birth factors, and parenting on children’s risk for learning-related behavior
problems at 24 months of age. We investigated to what extent these factors increased a child’s risk of displaying inattention,
a lack of task persistence, disinterest, non-cooperation, or frustration as he or she completed a series of cognitive and
physical tasks with a non-caregiver. Results indicated that boys are about twice as likely as girls to display learning-related
behavior problems. Children from lower SES households are about twice as likely as those from high SES households to display
such behavior problems, which is largely attributable to the effects of having a mother with a low educational level. Statistically
controlling for these factors, we found consistently significant patterns of elevated learning-related behavior problems for
some Asian and Native American children. Results for African-American children were mixed. Hispanic children did not have
consistently elevated risks of problem behaviors. Only small portions of these effects are explained by variation in the children’s
gestational or birth characteristics. A significant portion, but still less than half of the socio-demographic effects are
attributable to measured features of the children’s parenting. This study helps provide population-based estimates of children’s
risk for learning-related behavior problems while at an age when early interventions are most effective.
相似文献
Steven Maczuga |
15.
Promoting Generalization of Reading: A Comparison of Two Fluency-Based Interventions for Improving General Education Student’s Oral Reading Rate 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Scott P. Ardoin Tanya L. Eckert Carolyn A. S. Cole 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2008,17(3):237-252
The generalization effects of empirically-supported fluency-based reading interventions have been largely ignored. The purpose
of this study was to evaluate the effects of two fluency-based reading interventions, Repeated Readings and Multiple Exemplars,
on elementary-aged children’s immediate and generalized oral reading fluency rate. Using a within-subjects group design, a
total of 42 second (n = 25) and fourth (n = 17) grade general education students were administered both interventions and their generalized responding to passages
containing high word and medium word overlap was assessed. Results indicated that children’s oral fluency on intervention
passages was significantly greater during the Repeated Readings intervention. However, children’s oral reading fluency on
generalization passages containing medium word overlap was significantly greater following the Multiple Exemplars intervention.
This difference was however possibly due to the Multiple Exemplar medium word overlap passage being easier for students to
read. No significant differences between the two interventions were observed in children’s oral reading fluency on generalization
passages containing high word overlap. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed in relation to improving students’
reading fluency on generalization passages. 相似文献
16.
African American women (n = 42) and European American women (n = 46) were queried regarding their comfort level discussing various sexual health topics with hypothetical counselors who
were varied by race (African American vs. European American) or counseling value (culturally sensitive vs. knowledgeable).
Contrary to hypotheses, European American participants were more comfortable with the knowledgeable African American counselor
and the culturally sensitive European American counselor, while African American women showed no preference. Implications
are discussed for improving sexual health counseling services for African American and European American women with consideration
of client sexual attitude and race of counselor in order to reduce disparities in sexual health. 相似文献
17.
Mihaela Robila 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(3):326-333
Although Eastern European migration has increased greatly, the research on its impact on children and families has been limited.
In this study I examined the impact of parental economic migration on children psychosocial and academic outcomes in Romania,
one of largest Eastern European migrant sending country. Surveys were conducted with 382 children in 5–8th grades. A conceptual
model of the impact of parental migration, economic pressure, social support, parenting and children’s outcomes was examined
using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that higher economic pressure was associated with higher desire for
migration, lower parenting quality and higher child psychological distress. Higher satisfaction with migration was associated
with higher quality of parenting, higher child psychosocial functioning and academic achievement. Recommendations for programs
and policies targeted to immigrant families are provided. 相似文献
18.
Tao Xu Zhihua Yan Song Duan Changhe Wang Keming Rou Zunyou Wu 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(1):21-30
We investigated the psychosocial well-being of children in HIV/AIDS-affected families in rural China from the child’s and
caregiver’s perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among children living in HIV/AIDS-affected families (n = 16), their caregivers (n = 16) and key community informants (n = 5). Our findings showed that all of the children relied heavily on caregivers and peers to gain psychological support.
Children’s psychosocial problems included fear, anxiety, grief, and loss of self-esteem and confidence. Stigma towards children
existed, including isolation, ignorance and rejection. Our study illustrates that HIV/AIDS has impacted negatively on the
psychosocial well-being of children. These findings can be used as preliminary data supporting more researches to profoundly
explore the psychosocial impact of HIV/AIDS on children and appropriately indicate the need for interventions. 相似文献
19.
Michaela L. Zajicek-Farber 《Journal of child and family studies》2010,19(3):257-269
Children’s emergent language develops in a rich context of varied influences afforded by their familial and social environments.
Using data collected during a longitudinal prospective service project, this study examined the direct and indirect contributions
of parenting knowledge and practices and maternal postnatal depression on emergent language competencies of 198 very young
children in high-risk Latino and African/American families in an urban area. The study used the Knowledge of Infant Development
Inventory, a constructed measure of risky parenting practices for child well-health, home-safety, and corporal discipline,
a constructed measure for children’s involvement in literacy oriented activities, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and
MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories to build and test a structural equation model with AMOS/SPSS 16. The results
provide support for a mediated path model. Parenting knowledge and maternal postnatal depressive symptoms interacted directly
and indirectly in influencing risky parental practices and children’s exposure in literacy oriented stimulation activities
and emergent language. Children’s involvement in stimulation activities mediated the effects of parenting and maternal mental
health and directly predicted a robust amount children’s emergent vocabulary. The model produced similar results for boys
and girls, although boys had poorer outcomes. These findings provide empirical evidence that clinical practice and policy
efforts are needed for reducing maternal postnatal depression in strengthening parenting efforts and in affording meaningful
parent–child interactions and for assuring that children receive adequate exposure to activities that promote language development.
Methodological limitations and recommendations for future research are addressed. 相似文献
20.
The present study explored African American (n = 16) and European American (n = 19) college women's ideal body size perceptions for their own and the other ethnic group along with reasons behind their selections. Respondents completed an ethnically-neutral figure rating scale and then participated in ethnically-homogenous focus groups. European Americans mostly preferred a curvy-thin or athletic ideal body while most African American students resisted notions of a singular ideal body. European Americans suggested that African Americans’ larger ideal body sizes were based on greater body acceptance and the preferences of African American men. African Americans used extreme terms when discussing their perceptions of European Americans’ thin idealization, celebrity role models, and weight management behaviors. African Americans’ perceptions of European Americans’ body dissatisfaction were also attributed to the frequent fat talk they engaged in. Implications for promoting the psychosocial well-being of ethnically-diverse emerging adult females attending college are discussed. 相似文献