《论语》"思无邪"与孔子的诗教思想

《论语》各篇材料看似任意罗列,仿佛没有任何秩序,其实不然。孔子评论《诗经》日“思无邪”,该章被编排在《为政》篇的第二章,十分耐人寻味。实际上,“思无邪”被排在这样的位置,也影响到了人们对《论语》的认识。其实,《为政》篇以孔子“为政以德”的政治思想为主旨,孔子《诗》教思想的本质是“政教”,从新出土的上博竹书《诗论》便可以看出孔子《诗》教思想的“德教”内涵,从而可以更准确地理解“思无邪”的含义,也可加深我们对《论语》内在结构的认识。     

Abstract

Although Aristotle did not mention it, integrity can be understood in an Aristotelian framework. Seeing it in these terms will show that it is an executive virtue which concerns the existential well being of an agent. This analysis is not offered as an exegesis of Aristotle's text, but as an attempt to use an Aristotelian framework to understand a virtue deemed important today. This account will have the benefit of solving some problems relating to motivational internalism and, as such, will contribute to that recent current of thought which has been highlighting the importance of virtue thinking in moral theory. I will distinguish moral judgement from decision and show that moral judgement is dependent upon virtue more strongly than it is upon impartial rationality. I will suggest that integrity is the virtue to which moral judgement gives expression and is the virtue which links judgement to decision so as to overcome akrasia.