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清朝中后期,河湟地区伊斯兰教内部纷争不断.受当时社会历史条件的限制,在对这些宗教冲突进行解决的过程中,清政府缺乏基本的人权保障理念,没有充分体现出对基本人权的尊重.以史为鉴,从人权的视角对花寺门宦和哲合忍耶门宦之间的宗教冲突进行分析,对于当前保障少数民族的基本人权及民族团结、社会安定具有非常重要的意义. 相似文献
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明末清初的二百年间,是从域外传入中国内地的伊斯兰教的"定型"时期。其间,外来的伊斯兰教发生的一大深刻变化,是在本土化、民族化过程中增添了中国元素,确立了"以儒诠经""以儒释教"的发展方向。本土化、民族化实质上也是中国化的一种表述。在此进程中,兼通儒、道、佛、伊四教的中国穆斯林知识精英发挥了极为重要的作用。多年来,学术界就伊斯兰教中国化问题发表了一些有影响的论著,但结合文献进行深入细致的研究略显不足。本文试图以刘智的《天方典礼》为文本依据,适当结合王岱舆、马注的相关论述,就伊斯兰教中国化的路径、方式问题谈一点个人的看法。 相似文献
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穆罕默德·法尤米教授谈苏非主义沙秋真穆罕默德·法尤米教授现任埃及爱资哈尔大学宗教系主任,为伊斯兰最高理事会成员。他研究伊斯兰教哲学、伊斯兰信仰学近30年之久,对伊斯兰教苏非主义也有独到的见解,并在该学科有许多著述,在阿拉伯学术界甚有影响。法尤米教授对... 相似文献
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本文主要从分析马来西亚总理马哈蒂尔的著作和讲演入手,分析马哈蒂尔对伊斯兰教的现代诠释:强调伊斯兰是进步、与时俱进和充满活力的宗教,强调学习所有知识,与现代化相适应;认为伊斯兰价值观与繁荣、进步,发展或资本主义没有冲突,追求财富是符合伊斯兰教的;指出伊斯兰是宽容和温和的;强调伊斯兰鼓励努力工作、勤奋、节俭.马哈蒂尔还通过提倡"新马来人"、"正确的"伊斯兰和伊斯兰教国,来应对种族问题、政党斗争和极端主义,协调伊斯兰与现代化,促进马来西亚的现代化. 相似文献
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苏菲主义是伊斯兰教研究中的核心领域之一,虽然富蕴较高的学术价值,但在研究中存在很大的难度,是一个具有挑战性的课题,一些领域甚至是不敢逾越的禁地,因此,使其研究处于一种"尴尬"的学术境地.长期以来,苏菲主义在伊斯兰学科和思想史中占有举足轻重的地位,它的产生和所发生的事件是伊斯兰教史上的重要方面.正如英国著名历史学家吉布所说:"如果对苏菲主义的运动及其因果关系不能耐心地并以学者的公正态度进行研究,便不能写出一部令人满意的伊斯兰教历史."因此,作为一部完整的伊斯兰教历史著作,定不能离开苏菲主义.其次,对伊斯兰哲学而言,苏菲主义是其主要方面之一,甚至可以说伊斯兰哲学史的核心部分即是苏菲主义.再之,除关涉哲学和宗教外,由于苏菲主义遍及伊斯兰世界,所以其社会影响和作用也极为广泛.从上述意义上说,对苏菲主义的研究就不仅仅是一种单纯的学术活动. 相似文献
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从事中国伊斯兰教研究工作已整整20年了。20年的学术生涯使我感触良多,其中一个很深的体会是,中国伊斯兰教研究举步维艰,搞起来很难。难在何处?难点之一便是缺少文献资料。在浩如烟海的汉文典籍中,特别是在那些“正史”中,很难找到几篇有关伊斯兰教的记载。偶尔发现一些资料,或支离破碎,或语焉不详,难以为据。当年撰写《中国伊斯兰教史》元代部分时,常有“无米之炊”的感觉。仅以伊斯兰教在元代大规模传人中国这一重要史实而论,在汉文史籍中几乎找不到一点痕迹,不要说有关伊斯兰教的各种人物、事件、寺院、制度、教派、宗教活动… 相似文献
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"全球伦理"与"文明的冲突" 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自美国9.11恐怖袭击事件后,塞缪尔.亨廷顿关于“文明冲突”的理论引起人们高度兴趣。以宗教为核心的文明之间的冲突真的难以化解吗?汉斯.昆的“全球伦理”观点对此提出挑战。本文将浅析一下“全球伦理”,及其化解“文明冲突”的可能性。 相似文献
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方术作为中华神秘文化的一个重要的组成部分,是一种既不同于宗教又与宗教有联系的企图借助于“鬼神”等神秘力量来消灾免祸、延年益寿、添财加福的可操作性的东西,如八卦术、算命术、风水术、占梦术、测字术、巫术等。 方术尽管是唯心的不可相信的东西,在历代也遭到了一些人的攻击和批判,然而为何屡不绝迹,有时甚至风靡一时、影响很大,即使在今天仍然有其市场呢?其中一个重要的原因在于一些人认为方术“灵验”。 方术“灵验”的原因是什么?到底是哪些因素 相似文献
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Arkowitz H 《The American psychologist》2005,60(7):731; author reply 734-731; author reply 735
Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners. 相似文献
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The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools. 相似文献
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形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度". 相似文献
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L A French 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1988,45(2):262-279
Children's (5 years, 8 months to 8 years, 4 months) comprehension of "because" and "so" was assessed on both enactment and sentence completion tasks. The use of a within-subject design permitted performance on each task to be interpreted in terms of performance on the other. The pattern of results provided evidence against a componential model for the acquisition of causal connectives. This model holds that the two meaning components (cause, order) are acquired separately, with the order component being acquired several years later than the causal component. The results also were in accord with predictions derived from a contextual model of children's developing understanding of terms expressing logical relationships. This model posits that the understanding of relational terms is initially context dependent, such that children can understand relational terms when they express familiar relationships, but experience difficulty in forming representations of novel relationships solely on the basis of linguistic input. The lexical components of because and so are understood during the context-dependent stage, and the transition from context-dependent to context-independent understanding does not reflect further lexical development, but rather increasing facility in dealing with decontextualized linguistic input. 相似文献
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M H Birnbaum 《Journal of experimental psychology. General》1980,109(3):304-319
This article examines the hypothesis that judges compare stimuli by ratio and subtractive operations when instructed to judge" "ratios" and "differences." Rule and Curtis hold that magnitude estimations are a power function of subjective values, with an exponent between 1.1 and 2.1. Accordingly, the two-operation model tested assumes magnitude estimations of "ratios" are a comparable power function of subjective ratios. In contrast, Birnbaum and Veit theorize that judges compare two stimuli by subraction for both "ratio" and "difference" instructions and that magnitude estimations of "ratios" are approximately an exponential function of subjective differences. Three tests were used to compare the theory of one operation with the two-operation theory for the data of nine experiments. The results strongly favor the theory that observers use the same operation for both instructions. 相似文献