基层党政领导干部的人格特点与行为类型

本研究旨在系统研究基层党政领导干部的人格特点及其与行为风格的关系。采用中国人人格量表对1237名基层党政领导干部和419名对照组被试的人格特点所作比较表明,党政领导干部比对照组更外向、更善良、行事更严谨和自我克制、对人更热情,而且更注重成功和成就,但同时也更加爽直、更优柔寡断,对工作的坚定、认真程度也低于对照组,而且党政领导干部中女性化人数的比例远远高于对照组。党政领导干部的行为风格与人格特点之间也存在显著的相关。文中还对这一结果的含义及进一步研究的方向进行了讨论。     

建立县级领导干部绩效结构和考核指标体系的思考

县级领导干部的绩效考核一直是党和国家关注的焦点,而实践中县级领导干部的绩效考核多年来一直是个难点问题。该文通过回顾国内外绩效考核的相关理论和文献,对应该如何建立科学有效的县级领导干部绩效结构及考核指标体系进行了探讨,并进一步提出了其研究的创新和意义所在。     

地方领导经济责任审计综合评价模型的构建

党政领导干部经济责任审计量化评估是经济责任审计的关键技术,其难点在于党政领导干部经济责任审计要素评估是个复杂系统,存在大量定性模糊现象和概念。构建地方领导干部经济责任审计综合评价模型,对建立健全地方领导干部经济责任制、强化领导干部监督机制具有重要的现实意义,对研究地方领导干部经济责任审计起到十分重要的作用。本文深入分析经济责任审计的内涵,引入层次分析法和灰色评估方法,构建了合理、有效的综合评价模型,并进行算例分析,为完善经济责任审计提供借鉴。     

领导干部从政道德探析

从政是领导干部所从事的一种特殊的职业。从政的领导干部掌管着国家的公共权力，这种特殊的职业对领导干部提出了特殊的道德要求，也提出了比从事其他职业者更高的道德要求。一从政道德，是从政者在行使权力过程中的道德，它是从政者个人的道德信念、道德情感和道德水准在...     

基层党政领导干部对创造力人才特点的隐认知

该研究对48名基层领导干部的访谈和631名基层领导干部的问卷调查,通过访谈初步研究了基层领导干部的隐创造力概念,并在访谈基础上,通过因素分析等方法,编制了中国基层党政领导干部创造力人才特点量表。研究发现,中国基层领导干部对于创造力的理解更侧重于解决实际问题而非“无中生有”。在他们看来,创造力就是如何将现有的资源加以整合利用,在既定条件的约束下,用独特的方法来解决公共服务过程中面临的各种新老问题,并取得成效。中国基层领导干部的创造力人才特点包含工作灵活、激励带动：掌握新技术、敢于突破、善于学习5个维度,各维度之间有一定相关。     

进一步加强作风建设 努力为建设和谐贵州而勤奋工作

为认真贯彻落实中央纪委第七次全会精神，进一步巩固保持共产党员先进性教育活动的成果，全面加强领导干部思想作风、学风、工作作风、领导作风和生活作风建设，为全面建设小康社会、大力构建“和谐贵州”、加快推进经济社会发展的历史性跨越提供有力保障，省委下发了《关于进一步加强领导干部作风建设的意见》，省委办公厅对全省县及县以上党政机关开展作风教育整顿活动进行了安排和部署，     

180名处级党政干部领导能力研究

1 问题的提出领导能力一直是领导问题研究中的重点和热点之一,但在以往文献中对领导能力的实证研究却很少。徐联仓根据中国的具体情况编制了“领导能力自我评估量表”,提出了领导者应具有13种能力。俞文钊根据大量的调查研究,提出企业领导干部的主要能力指标有9项。吴凉凉在对企业管理干部职务分析基础上。根据自编的“企业领导干部基本素质问卷”提出厂长应具有13种能力。以上研究主要针对企     

税收政策制定过程中的公民有序参与——基于省级以下国税局领导干部的调查与分析

论文以省级以下国税局领导干部为调查对象,采用随机抽样方法,获得了218份有效问卷。在此基础上进行实证分析,研究了当前国税系统"公民参与税收政策制定"的现状,结果发现:大多数领导干部对"税收政策制定中的公民参与"认识正确、理解到位;领导干部大多能够有效运用各种征求民意的方法,在税收政策制定方面与公民进行互动;公民参与税收政策制定的效果明显,对于提高税收政策的民意基础具有正向的促进作用。同时也发现:尚有部分领导干部对"公民参与税收政策的制定"缺乏深刻的认识,一些领导干部对"公民参与税收政策的制定"实质性支持不足,导致公民参与的次数少、层次低、方式单一。     

提高科学素质．增强决策管理能力——荐王渝生、周立军主编的《领导干部和公务员科学素质读本》

领导干部和公务员是贯彻落实党的各项方针政策,制定和执行政府各项决策,加强执政能力建设的重要力量。新出版的《领导干部和公务员科学素质读本》,以其准确的定位和贴近领导干部和公务员的实际需要．为开展领导干部和公务员科学素质培训提供了重要的参考书。     

高校及教育系统领导干部构念人格特质与岗位胜任性关系

提出构念人格特质概念,采用自编的《领导干部人格特质和岗位胜任性问卷》,对126名优秀高校领导干部和68名优秀教育行政部门领导干部进行意见征询,提取了对胜任高校领导岗位最有影响的30项构念人格特质,获得了上述30个项目的7个公共因素并分别命名为开拓与组织适应性、宜人与合作性、自信与进取性、责任与条理性、稳重与务实性、身心健康与理智性、自制与成熟性,从而揭示高校领导干部构念人格特质与岗位胜任性之间的关系.     

Dyadic Nexus Fighting Two‐Front Battles: A Study of the Microlevel Process of the Official‐Religion‐State Relationship in China

This article provides a microlevel perspective of the interacting dynamics between religion and the Chinese state, demonstrating how religious leaders and local officials negotiate with each other pragmatically, continually withstanding pressure from hardline religious masses and state bureaucracy. This perspective, constructed using qualitative data on the True Jesus Church, also helps to answer a critical empirical question left open in scholarly discussions: When and how does the state regulative power on religion come to the fore in the economic reform emphasizing pragmatic religion‐state cooperation? The findings show how religious leaders and local officials have become pragmatic, cooperating to form a dyadic nexus that tackles regular affairs in a practical way, though it may run the risk of fracture when lay members and bureaucratic superiors pressure leaders and officials, respectively, to take hardline positions. The leaders and officials have continually fought two‐front battles while shuttling between negotiations with their nexus partner and aligning with their hardline sources of pressure. This study may shed light on future research of the Chinese religion‐state relationship in general by illustrating a microlevel, integrative, dynamic approach.     

Personality and Legislative Politics: The Big Five Trait Dimensions Among U.S. State Legislators

The impact of personality traits on people's attitudes and behaviors is widely recognized, yet systematic attention to personality in large‐N research on elected officials has been rare. Among psychologists, five‐factor frameworks that focus on openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability have gained tremendous prominence in the past two decades. Applications of these frameworks to the study of mass political behavior have been highly fruitful, but corresponding applications in the study of legislators have been rare. In an effort to assess the utility of a Big Five approach in the study of legislative politics, this article addresses three questions: whether elected officials will be willing to provide personality self‐assessments, whether any data they do provide will exhibit meaningful variance, and whether the Big Five trait dimensions will correspond with patterns in respondents' attitudes and behaviors. These questions are addressed using data from members of the state legislatures in Arizona, Connecticut, and Maine. Results provide considerable grounds for optimism regarding the likely utility of more extensive applications of the Big Five in research on elected officials.     

The Experience of Former Women Officials and the Impact on the Sporting Community

In an effort to explore the shortage of female sport officials, the authors examined the experience of eight former female basketball officials from five geographically diverse states in the U.S. who voluntarily left the role. Specifically, the authors asked former female basketball officials to describe their workplace experiences. Utilizing a phenomenological approach and workplace incivility framework, the results indicated that the felt social inequity for female officials detracted from the participants experiencing a sense of community in the workplace, which ultimately led to their discontinuation in the role. Results indicate four key factors that created this uncivil work environment. An examination of the data revealed four major themes. Specifically the female basketball officials reported experiencing a Lack of Mutual Respect from male counterparts; Perceived Inequity of Policies; a Lack of Role Modeling and Mentoring for and from female officials; and experiencing more Gendered Abuse than did their male counterparts. The combination of these four factors exacerbated the female officials’ inability to connect to the officiating community and led to their withdrawal from the role. The results further indicate that women officials likely threatened the hegemonic characteristics of a sport setting. Although females have made great strides in terms of sport participation, the practical implications of this research suggest that understanding females in workplace roles, such as officiating, is vital if social equity is to be achieved in the sporting community.     

Choosing to Report: Characteristics of employees who report the counterproductive work behavior of others

Managers typically expect employees to report counterproductive work behavior (CWB) when they see or have knowledge of other employees engaging in such acts. However, the degree to which individuals actually report CWB to company officials has not been addressed in the literature. Previous research has also not explored the personality traits, attitudes, and workplace behaviors of those employees who report CWB on the part of others. Hence, we conducted 2 studies with 2 independent samples to provide information on both of these points in an effort to assist organizations in curbing negative workplace acts and in making more informed personnel selection decisions.     

Learning from a failure in threat assessment: 11 questions and not enough answers

Threat assessment theory and practice have evolved significantly since Columbine. The US Secret Service's guidelines for threat assessment include 11 questions that school officials should ask to identify, investigate, and manage students of concern. Yet, no research examines how school officials implement these questions. This qualitative case study examines the way that school officials used the 11 questions with a student of concern, who underwent a threat assessment and 3 months later shot and killed a classmate and himself on school grounds. The data include deposition testimony from 12 school and district officials and more than 8,000 pages of records in the case. For each of the 11 questions, the findings reveal what the threat assessment team knew and might have learned; the findings also demonstrate the importance of multiple sources of information, a multidisciplinary team, and an investigative mindset. The questions may prove difficult to answer in “loosely coupled” systems, like schools, where information is unintentionally lost due to the organization's structural hierarchy, specialization of tasks, and heavy workloads. The findings provide critical lessons learned for threat assessment, information gathering, and violence prevention in schools.     

The future of genetics in public health

During the 1980s, we have witnessed an erosion in federal and state funding for the coordination of genetic services in state health departments. As this decade begins, the federal budget for the support of the national genetics program is less than half of the total available in 1980. In addition, priorities in state maternal and child health programs have changed, and genetic services have often received lower rankings aside of programs to improve prenatal care and to address problems such as teenage pregnancy. Clearly we are at a critical point for the future of genetics programs in the public health arena. Fortunately, despite the problems with funding and priority setting, important coalitions have been built during the past decade and continued advances in medical genetics have made it difficult for public health officials to ignore the potential impact of genetic services. Council of Regional Networks for Genetic Services (CORN) and the regional genetic services networks have provided opportunities for interaction and coordination between genetic services providers and public health officials that had not been available to any significant extent. The full potential of these coalitions has yet to be realized, but efforts in data collection, development of national guidelines and standards, and information sharing and networking have already had an influence on state genetic services programs. Continuing research on the genetics of chronic diseases and the influence of discoveries in molecular genetics will undoubtedly broaden the current scope of state public health programs in genetics, which all too often have been limited to newborn screening and administration of grants for genetic services. The regional and national genetic services programs should be strengthened and appropriate training programs should be developed in Schools of Public Health to provide the expertise and leadership that will be needed to guide the future of genetics in public health.     

Inter-individual differences in sport refereeing: A review of theory and practice

Most studies on sport officials ignore the variance of the data in terms of individual differences. Here we highlight the need to focus on these differences in refereeing as the main point and goal of the current review. We argue that the study of individual differences is important for referee selection, development and performance evaluation. We present the available research on differences related to referee communication styles, types of interactions, and game management. We regard expertise and experience level as a key contributor to individual differences. Given the gap in research around the in-group variance, we discuss new directions for research and further recommendations for the field. We suggest that the areas in which more research and practice will inform our selection, training, and evaluation processes are communication and personal communication style, while having more flexibility in applying different refereeing styles to facilitate performance in different contexts.     

The emotional intelligence of transformational leaders: a field study of elected officials

Participants were 80 elected public officials in the United States and 3-6 direct-report staffers for each leader. Together they composed 388 leader-member dyads. The authors surveyed them to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership. The authors considered the 80 officials as leaders and the staffers as members. The present results showed that the emotional intelligence of the leaders shared significant variance with self-perceptions and rater-perceptions of transformational leadership. The present results also somewhat support the predictive value of emotional intelligence in antecedent leadership field research.     

Weighing science and politics in local decision making about hazards

As a step towards understanding how local environemntal hazards policy is made, this article explores how Canadian local elected officials gained and assimilated scientific and technical information about the environmental hazards facing their communities. Consistent with previous work in the hazards field, three of Weiss’s (1979) meanings of research utilization were found to be directly applicable. The elected officials expressed the view that reconciling conflicting expert opinion and competing concerns was more difficult and more rightly their responsibility than gathering information. This research demonstrates the utility of focus groups for interviewing elite populations making community scale decisions. Her current research interest in knowledge utilization is the adoption of innovative approaches to environmental policy implementation among regional authorities.     

Animal Abuse among High-Risk Youth: A Test of Agnew’s Theory

ABSTRACT

Concern over animal abuse among policy-makers, law enforcement officials, and the general public remains high. Although research has marked animal abuse as an indicator of a variety of deviant outcomes, fewer projects have examined the correlates of cruelty towards animals. In this study, we apply Agnew’s theory of animal abuse to explore how a wide-range of characteristics relate to deviance towards animals. In support of Agnew’s theory, results reveal that a combination of individual traits and behaviors, socialization experiences, and mechanisms of social control significantly relate to animal abuse. However, measures of strain do not appear to relate to animal abuse, providing only partial support to the theory.