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1.
Business ethics and computer ethics: The view from Poland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Prof. Jacek Sojka 《Science and engineering ethics》1996,2(2):191-200
An Aristotelian approach to understanding and teaching business ethics is presented and defended. The newly emerging field
of computer ethics is also defined in an Aristotelian fashion, and an argument is made that this new field should be called
“information ethics”. It is argued that values have their roots in the life and practices of a community; therefore, morality
cannot be taught by training for a special way of reasoning. Transmission of values and norms occurs through socialization
— the process by which an individual absorbs not only values but also the whole way of life of his or her community. It follows
that business ethics and information ethics can be considered kinds of socialization into a profession: role learning and
acquiring a new self-identification. This way of understanding fields of applied ethics is especially important for their
proper development in Central-Eastern Europe because of endemic factors which are the result of recent political developments
there. 相似文献
2.
Grunwald A 《Science and engineering ethics》2000,6(2):181-196
The role of ethics in technology development has been often questioned, especially in the early days of societal reflection
of technology. However, the situation has changed dramatically. Ethical consideration now is generally declared to be indispensable
in shaping technology in a socially acceptable and sustainable way. The expectations of ethics are large; often even a kind
of “New Ethics” is postulated. In the present paper an over-estimation of the role of ethics for technology development is
rejected. It is argued that ethical reflection is, indeed, indispensable in certain problem areas and situation types; but
there is, on the other hand, space for technology development free from the requirement for ethical reflection. The absence
of a requirement for ethical reflection, however, always has to be considered relative to some “morale provisoire” (provisional
morality) as an accepted normative framework within which technology development may occur without explicit ethical reflection.
If this framework, however, is doubted or is shown to be insufficient the situation changes completely. Ethical reflection
in this case becomes necessary, to consider this normative framework in order to offer modifications or supplements. 相似文献
3.
The computer revolution and the problem of global ethics 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Professor Krystyna Gorniak-Kocikowska 《Science and engineering ethics》1996,2(2):177-190
The author agrees with James Moor that computer technology, because it is ‘logically malleable’, is bringing about a genuine
social revolution. Moor compares the computer revolution to the ‘industrial revolution’ of the late 18th and the 19th centuries;
but it is argued here that a better comparison is with the ‘printing press revolution’ that occurred two centuries before
that. Just as the major ethical theories of Bentham and Kant were developed in response to the printing press revolution,
so a new ethical theory is likely to emerge from computer ethics in response to the computer revolution. The newly emerging
field of information ethics, therefore, is much more important than even its founders and advocates believe. 相似文献
4.
Robert A. Pearlman Steven H. Miles Robert M. Arnold 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1993,14(3):197-210
Empirical research pertaining to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), clinician behaviors related to do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders and substituted judgment suggests potential contributions to medical ethics. Research quantifying the likelihood of surviving CPR points to the need for further philosophical analysis of the limitations of the patient autonomy in decision making, the nature and definition of medical futility, and the relationship between futility and professional standards. Research on DNR orders has identified barriers to the goal of patient involvement in these life and death discussions. The initial data on surrogate decision making also points to the need for a reexamination of the moral basis for substituted judgment, the moral authority of proxy decision making and the second-order status of the best interests standard. These examples of empirical research suggest that an interplay between empirical research, ethical analysis and policy development may represent a new form of interdisciplinary scholarship to improve clinical medicine. 相似文献
5.
Sauser WI 《Science and engineering ethics》2004,10(2):337-342
Without question “business ethics” is one of the hot topics of the day. Over the past months we have seen business after business
charged with improper practices that violate commonly-accepted ethical norms. This has led to a loss of confidence in corporate
management, and has had severe economic consequences. From many quarters business educators have heard the call to put more
emphasis on ethical practices in their business courses and curricula. Engineering educators are also heeding this call, since
the practice of engineering usually involves working for (or leading) a business and/or engaging in business transactions.
In the summer of 2002, Auburn University’s Engineering Professional Development program made the decision to produce—based
on the author’s Executive MBA course in Business Ethics—a distance-delivered continuing education program for professional
engineers and surveyors. Participants across the USA now may use the course to satisfy continuing education requirements with
respect to professional licensing and certification. This paper outlines the purpose and content of the course and describes
its production, distribution, application, and evaluation.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the “Ethics and Social Responsibility in Engineering and Technology” meeting,
New Orleans, 2003. 相似文献
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7.
Quinn MJ 《Science and engineering ethics》2006,12(2):335-343
The author has surveyed a quarter of the accredited undergraduate computer science programs in the United States. More than
half of these programs offer a “social and ethical implications of computing” course taught by a computer science faculty
member, and there appears to be a trend toward teaching ethics classes within computer science departments. Although the decision
to create an “in house” computer ethics course may sometimes be a pragmatic response to pressure from the accreditation agency,
this paper argues that teaching ethics within a computer science department can provide students and faculty members with
numerous benefits. The paper lists topics that can be covered in a computer ethics course and offers some practical suggestions
for making the course successful.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2005 conference, Ethics and Social Responsibility in Engineering and Technology, Linking Workplace Ethics and Education, co-hosted by Gonzaga University and Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, California, 9–10 June 2005. 相似文献
8.
Dr. Andrzej Kocikowski 《Science and engineering ethics》1996,2(2):201-210
Several context-specific social and political factors in Eastern and Central Europe are described — factors that must be considered
while developing strategies to introduce Computer Ethics. Poland is used as a primary example. GNP per capita, the cost of
hardware and software, uneven and scant distribution of computing resources, and attitudes toward work and authority are discussed.
Such “geographical factors” must be taken into account as the new field of Computer Ethics develops. 相似文献
9.
《South African Journal of Philosophy》2013,32(3-4):258-270
AbstractDue to its multi-disciplinary nature, there are a variety of conceptions about the scope of Business Ethics as academic field. Confusion about the scope of business ethics can impact detrimentally upon the further development of this field of study. The purpose of this article is to distinguish between various notions of the scope of business ethics and then to determine whether these notions are reconcilable or not. In order to achieve this purpose a definition of the term ’scope‘ is first provided. In this definition two distinct meanings of the term emerges. It can either refer to the field that is being studied, or it can refer to the purpose of studying a specific field. The field of business ethics is then explored in terms of both these meanings of the concept ’scope’. In this process some tensions within the field of business ethics is exposed. The article concludes with an attempt to reconcile these tensions. 相似文献
10.
Moser A 《Science and engineering ethics》2000,6(3):365-382
This paper deals with an approach to the integration of science (with technology and economics), ethics (with religion and
mysticism), the arts (aesthetics) and Nature, in order to establish a world-view based on holistic, evolutionary ethics that
could help with problem solving. The author suggests that this integration is possible with the aid of “Nature’s wisdom” which
is mirrored in the macroscopic pattern of the ecosphere. The corresponding eco-principles represent the basis for unifying
soft and hard sciences resulting in “deep sciences”. Deduction and induction will remain the methodology for deep sciences
and will include conventional experiments and aesthetic and sentient experiences. Perception becomes the decisive factor with
the senses as operators for the building of consciousness through the subconscious. In this paper, an attempt at integrating
the concepts of the “true”, the “right” and the “beautiful” with the aid of Nature’s wisdom is explained in more detail along
with consequences.
The author is a bioprocess engineer with a research interest in environmental issues. 相似文献
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12.
Shenbai Liao 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2006,1(3):325-340
Along with the notion of being a person (zero run 做人), the notion of doing business (zuo shi 做事) in ordinary Chinese is basically an over-all notion of the norms in the practical and associative activities, carrying
typically obscure meanings on practice and association affairs in some external world. Ordinary Chinese not only distinguishes
these two notions but also defines a dictionary order of them, with the affairs of the internal world prior to those of the
external. The fact that the notion of doing business refers to business (shi 事) rather than person (ren 人) makes this order clear at a deeper level. It shows that this notion regards the practical affairs of the external world
less important to the person itself than those of the internal. Except for these qualities, the notion of doing business holds some normative meanings, although contains no definite rules. These meanings indirectly relate to the notion of person
that people form in their private associations and emerge as some mixture with a tactical attitude out of the need of earning
a life. The notion of person gives birth to some obscure requirements, for instance, the requirement of ‘doing business in accordance with your conscience’ and that of ‘doing business seriously’. The core world of family is marginalized in the public transition of associations. There are reasons to anticipate
that in this process the notion of doing business will undergo more radical changes than that of being a person.
__________
Translated from Zhexue Yanjiu 哲学研究 (Philosophical Studies), 2005 (7) 相似文献
13.
Dr. Carl Mitcham 《Science and engineering ethics》1995,1(2):113-132
Editorial note:The following bibliographic survey of computer ethics is intended as a general introduction useful to guide both preliminary
research and course development. It is the first of a series that Carl Mitcham will be doing on a number of specific discussions
of ethics in science and technology. Future installments are projected on nuclear ethics, engineering ethics, ethics in scientific
research, and biomedical ethics.
With this [book] I issue “a call to arms.” The world needs much more discussion and writing on the social and ethical issues
surrounding computing. I hope readers .... will take up the challenge. 相似文献
14.
This paper examines two topics in Japanese medical ethics: non-disclosure of medical information by Japanese physicians, and
the history of human rights abuses by Japanese physicians during World War II. These contrasting issues show how culture shapes
our view of ethically appropriate behavior in medicine. An understanding of cultural context reveals that certain practices,
such as withholding diagnostic information from patients, may represent ethical behavior in that context. In contrast, nonconsensual
human experimentation designed to harm the patient is inherently unethical irrespective of cultural context. Attempts to define
moral consensus in bioethics, and to distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable variation across different cultural contexts,
remain central challenges in articulating international, culturally sensitive norms in medical ethics. 相似文献
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Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics - Structuralist ethics is an alternative to utilitarianism and deontology. But it also incorporates these ethical approaches in a larger frame. Rule... 相似文献
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Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics - 相似文献
19.
Mika Pantzar 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2013,69(1):29-44
The early organizing process of the American railroads could be periodized as follows: Railroad technology become perfected by the 1860s, the national network become perfected by the 1880s, and self‐sustaining railroad systems by the 1900s. The evolutionary path seems to be largely dictated by the “perfection” of stable configurations of “lower levels,” such as technological standards (e.g., uniform standard time). In the American railroads, on each level of activity there was a process of convergence, learning and coordination of pre‐existing components toward “equilibrium,” that allowed the emergence of new combinations, i.e. new levels of integration. Thus, convergent level‐specific process, i.e. the standardization and formalization of existing activities, was an essential step for radical process of divergence in the American railroads. 相似文献
20.
Sherwin S 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》1989,4(2):57-72
Feminist ethics and medical ethics are critical of contemporary moral theory in several similar respects. There is a shared sense of frustration with, the level of abstraction and generality that characterizes traditional philosophic work in ethics and a common commitment to including contextual details and allowing room for the personal aspects of relationships in ethical analysis. This paper explores the ways in which context is appealed to in feminist and medical ethics, the sort of details that should be included in the recommended narrative approaches to ethical problems, and the difference it makes to our ethical deliberations if we add an explicitly feminist political analysis to our discussion of context. It is claimed that an analysis of gender is needed for feminist medical ethics and that this requires a certain degree of gener-ality, i. e. a political understanding of context. 相似文献