国外反社会人格研究述评

反社会人格是与违法犯罪关系最密切的一种人格障碍类型。作者在简要回顾反社会人格研究历史的基础上,对反社会人格的诊断和评估、影响反社会人格形成因素的研究成果进行了总结。文章最后指出,目前的反社会人格研究中存在概念混用、研究对象单一、忽视其内在结构的探讨等问题,未来的研究应采用维度观探讨反社会人格的内在结构,并开展跨文化的研究     

荀人格特质的心理传记学初探

本研究应用人格形容词评定法和心理传记取向的研究方法,对三国人物荀的人格特质及其形成与发展进行了初步探索。研究由两部分构成,第一部分是应用人格形容词检测表对荀人格的定量估计,第二部分辅以人本主义与精神分析理论的定性分析。因素分析揭示了荀的无私、忠诚、尽职等人格特征。依据人本主义观点可以推论,荀强烈的自我实现的需要,对他的人格形成和发展产生了深刻影响。同时,其人格的形成与发展还是多种因素的交互作用的结果。荀氏的人格特可以作为解释他所参与的特定历史事件的基础性证据。     

一名大专女生的人格分析

文章描述了一名大专女生的人格特点,分析了其人格结构及其人格形成的原因,并对其人格进行了预测,提出了解决其人格问题的策略。     

中国古代人格心理学思想

本文对我国古代人格心理学思想给以综论。涉及的方面有：人格形成思想、人格分类思想、人格鉴定思想。希望增益于人生实践和现代心理科学之发展。     

嫉妒与人格的关系

旨在考察嫉妒与人格维度及人格因素的关系 ,通过对 2 31名被试者施测Bringle自我报告嫉妒量表 ,Hup ka爱情嫉妒量表 ,White习惯及关系嫉妒量表 ,Buunk嫉妒量表和大 5人格量表 (NEO -PI-R) ,对施测结果进行相关分析和逐步回归分析 ,发现在大 5人格量表中所包含的神经质 ,外向性 ,开放性 ,顺同性和严谨性 5种人格维度中 ,只有神经质维度与嫉妒呈现一致性密切关系 ;外向性维度与嫉妒的一致性关系尚不明确 ;开放性维度、顺同性维度和严谨性维度与嫉妒关系并不密切。在 30种人格因素中 ,除焦虑、自我意识、正性情绪和信任 4种人格因素与嫉妒呈现一致性密切关系外 ,其他人格因素与嫉妒的关系不明显甚至无关。研究结果表明 :在 5种人格维度中 ,神经质人格维度在嫉妒的形成和发展中起主要影响作用 ;在 30种人格因素中 ,焦虑、自我意识、正性情绪和信任 4种人格因素是影响嫉妒心理和嫉妒行为的重要因素     

我国当代优秀与一般女中学生人格特征的比较研究

本研究对我国东部、中部和西部的600名优秀女中学生和400名一般女中学生进行了人格特征问卷调查。凋查结果表明：(1)人格特征是影响女中学生成长的重要因素。(2)初中是人格发展的迅速时期。(3)优秀和一般女中学生人格特征的发展对居住区域体现出明显的依赖性,随居住条件的改善其人格发展越好。(4)父母的文化程度对优秀女中学生人格发展的影响比对一般女中学生的影响更为显著。针对上述结果．本研究提出了进一步完善优秀女中学生人格特征及发展一般女中学生优良人格特征的种种培养建议。     

广义自身心理学人格发展理论述评

自身是人格的核心,其发展取决于个体遗传特征与自身对象环境的相互作用.如果自身对象人格健全,就能满足个体的自身对象需要,自身对象在满足个体自身对象需要方面不可避免的疏忽只会使个体遭受适度挫折,适度挫折促使个体通过变形性内化获得原来由自身对象为其行使的心理功能,从而形成自身结构.使自身--自身对象关系从原始走向成熟.广义自身心理学的人格发展理论超越了古典精神分析、自我心理学和对象关系理论的人格发展观,但过分强调早期自身对象关系对人格发展的决定作用,忽视个体遗传特征和社会文化因素对人格发展的影响.     

创造力与人格关系的研究评述

创造力与人格是心理学领域内的两个重要概念,它们之间的关系也是心理学研究中备受关注的问题。该研究采用文献分析法对加利福尼亚心理量表、人格三因素模型、五因素模型、多种人格测验及其与创造力的关系进行了回顾。已有的研究的确已经取得了很大进展,但研究内容还有待丰富、研究方法还有待完善、研究对象还有待拓展,这也预示着未来研究的发展方向     

论女性人格

人格是人的生物性、主体性及社会性相互作用的动态系统。女性人格的历史发展大致呈现出 :无人格——人格男性化——人格独立化的态势。当代社会中女性人格呈现多元化的特征 ,但以人本身为价值尺度的独立型人格是女性人格发展的方向。     

青年罪犯的人格特征研究

采用“卡特尔十六种人格因素测验”问卷,分析比较了青年罪犯与青年学生的人格特质、次元人格因素、应用人格因素。结果表明：青年罪犯与青年学生在8种人格特质(C、F、G、H、L、Q1、Q2、q)、1种次元人格因素(X2)、1种应用人格因素(Y4)上存在显著差异,提示青年罪犯确有异于同龄人的人格特征,这对青年犯罪的预防与矫治具有重要意义。     

Gordon Allport, character, and the "culture of personality," 1897-1937

This article examines the cultural context of early American personality psychology through a consideration of the early career of Gordon Allport. Between 1921 and 1937, Allport was among the leading figures in the movement to establish personality as a research category in American psychology. Far from being a strictly scientific concern, Allport's project was deeply embedded in the cultural politics of the age. Of particular importance was the gradual erosion of the language of character and the self-sacrificing, morally grounded self that it supported. Allport's "psychology of personality" helped fuel this trend while simultaneously attempting to resist it. His experience illustrates the elasticity and moral ambiguity of the newly emerging category of personality.     

Evolution of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory

Dr. Theodore Millon (1928–2014) was a primary architect for the personality disorders in the DSM–III, a structure that has endured into the DSM–5. His 1969 book, Modern Psychopathology, created an elegant framework into which the well-known personality prototypes could be fitted and understood. His theoretical work soon led into the creation of several psychological inventories, most notably the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). The MCMI, now in preparation for its 4th major edition, has been a very popular instrument among clinicians. This article explores the history of the MCMI's development from its origins, through 2 distinct theoretical phases, and to its current status as the MCMI–IV is finalized.     

The nature of irrational beliefs in different personality clusters of spouse abusers

Previous research has shown that a majority of spouse abusers have personality characteristics which are consistent with personality disorder and show symptoms of depression and anger expression. Irrational beliefs have been associated with the same emotions in nonabuser populations. The current study assessed the nature of irrational beliefs in a sample of spouse abusers. The results showed that abusers with personality disorder held more irrational beliefs than abusers without personality disorder. Labile symptoms were associated with three categories of irrational beliefs only in the abusers with personality disorder. The implications for the characterization of spouse abusers and the modification of spouse abuse are discussed.Jeffrey M. Lohr, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Arkansas-Fayetteville. His research interests are in the assessment of irrational beliefs and their association with dysphoric motivational statesL. Kevin Hamberger, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor of Psychology in the Family Practice Department of the Medical College of Wisconsin. His clinical and research interests are in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of male spouse abusers.Dennis Bonge, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Arkansas-Fayetteville. His research and teaching interests are in multivariate analysis and the assessment of irrational beliefsPortions of this paper presented at the 33rd Annual Convention of the Southeastern Psychological Association, Atlanta, GA, March, 1987.This research was supported by the Marie Wilson Howells Fund.     

Personality: A biologic system

The personality of man is a biologic system structured on the individual’s genetic and anatomic-physiologic potentials for species-specific adaptations. The system also projects him into a social and physical environment. His relationship with this environment is as integral to his being as the unity of his organ parts are to the function of his body. His personality is the end product of all the processes inherent in this biosocial interaction. It is the final statement of his biologic presence on this planet.     

The Exalted Self: Derek Freeman' Quest for the Perfect Identity

From about 1960, anthropologist Derek Freeman was shadowed by a reputation that he was a "difficult man" who suffered from a mysterious psychological disorder. Until his last breath, he denied imputations of a disorder, styled them "defamatory," and unequivocally affirmed his complete mental health and self-control. In this article, I use correspondence, archival documents, and published information to propose that Freeman's deficit was the narcissist personality disorder. His most conspicuous personality traits are shown to be consistent with or expressive of this disorder. His signature achievement, the ostensible "refutation" of Margaret Mead's Coming of Age in Samoa, is consistent with the proposed diagnosis.     

奥尔波特人本主义心理学评价探新

奥尔波特是人本主义心理学的建立者之一 ,也是健康人格心理学的奠基者。其贡献 :( 1)参与创建人本主义心理学 ;( 2 )开创美国人格心理学 ;( 3)奠基人本主义自我论。其局限 :( 1)缺乏完整体系与确证 ;( 2 )忽视人格的社会根源 ;( 3)有些论述过于极端化     

Gordon Allport on the definition of personality

Abstract.— Allport objects to operational definitions of personality because, by equating personality with observable phenomena, they reduce personality to something subjective. His view on the reality of phenomena is, however, but one of several possible. The plea for an operational definition of personality may equally well be based on the phenomenological assumption that to exist means, for man, to appear in the world for someone, and what appears for someone does not have to be thought of as existing in that someone's mind. To be studied empirically, personality must be knowable, and it must be defined in terms of how it is known. Postulating an internal structure behind or within the phenomena known as personality, adds no meaning to the concept.     

Review and Critique of Jesus

A review and critique of the psychological biography of Jesus by Donald Capps underscores in the life and times of the founder of Christianity the management of narcissism and acute melancholia by males who would rise to deeply heartfelt religious leadership, but find themselves filled with frustration and personal anguish in the process. Jesus had a self-identity that was forged in such psychological trials. His personality was neither that of an other-worldly apolcalypticist nor one of a this-worldly social reformer. Rather, Jesus had a utopian-melancholic personality, which noticeably characterizes many men in contemporary times who would engage in a spiritual quest.     

Henry A. Murray's Early Career: A Psychobiographical Exploration

ABSTRACT This paper is a psychobiographical study of Henry A Murray's early career A formulation of his personality is developed, emphasizing his inner depressive tendencies, his sense of specialness, and his characteristic concerns in relationships His decision to become a psychologist, his initial reaction to academic psychology, and his years of involvement with psychoanalysis are considered in the light of his personality The final section contains an examination of the ways in which Murray's personality and his experiences during his early career shaped Explorations in Personality, his most influential work.     

Konrad Bloch, 12 January 1912 - 15 October 2000

Konrad Bloch was a man of strong ethical principles. In personality, he was soft-spoken, kind, and generous. His home in Lexington, Massachusetts, with Lore, his wife of more than sixty years, his daughter, Susan, and son, Peter, was at the center of a joyous family life.