TRAINING IN PSYCHOLOGY IN THE UNITED STATES

Psychologists abroad often ask about the system of training psychologists in the United Stales, as If the United States had a formal system laid down by the government or by a centralized educational authority, as is the ease in many other countries. This article was originally drafted to provide information to psychologists abroad about the diversity and variety of training in the U.S., but it is published here in the hope that it will also be informative and interesting to American psychologists as well as to our colleagues in other countries.     

CHRISTIAN AND BUDDHIST PERSPECTIVES ON NEURO PSYCHOLOGY AND THE HUMAN PERSON: PNEUMA AND PRATITYASAMUTPADA

Abstract. Recent discussions of the mind‐brain and the soul‐body problems have been both advanced and complexified by the cognitive sciences. I focus explicitly here on emergence, supervenience, and nonreductive physicalist theories of human personhood in light of recent advances in the Christian‐Buddhist dialogue. While traditional self and no‐self views pitted Christianity versus Buddhism versus science, I show how the nonreductive physicalist proposal regarding human personhood emerging from the neuroscientific enterprise both contributes to and is enriched by the Christian concept of pneuma (spirit) and the Buddhist concept of pratityasamutpada (codependent origination).     

PSYCHOLOGY IN THE AUSTRALIAN CONTEXT*

Psychology formally entered the Australian arena via university departments of Philosophy, commencing last century and taking its initial direction largely from Britain. The previous pattern of development of Australian psychology was more distinctive than is its present state. Although the influences of Germany and the United States have supplemented that of the parent country, it is difficult to discern any locally blended colouration in the discipline or the profession as they now appear. Somewhat distanced from the universities, applied psychology has flourished especially in the public sector beginning with the initial close liaison formed between psychology and education in a developing colonial society. The public impact of research and practice is by no means as apparent as in the United States or Britain. After a burgeoning in the ‘sixties and early ‘seventies, the present state is one of limited growth concurrent with the general recession.     

当代教育中的人文科学

意大利学者和政治家路易吉·贝林圭尔在其近作《再创造,所有人的素质教育学校》中提出了"教育和培训必须属于每一个人"的理念。他在接受《第欧根尼》法文英文版主编斯卡兰蒂诺采访时就人文科学与文化在当代教育中的作用做了深度解读。在他看来,文化与人文科学一直是同义词,文化是通过人文科学来体现的。人文科学作为一种高层次知识固有地缺乏功用性,是由精英独霸的。为了使人文科学成为属于每一个人的人文知识,我们必须想象一种教授人文知识的新方法。这个是通识教育问题,是怎样做人的问题,也是大学教育的生存问题,因为大学教育仍然过于经常地受限于各种不同学科的界限。文化绝不可以依旧为知识精英所专有,因为后者不过是对一个社会的历史发展有所贡献的行动者。文化要成为一种社会和历史力量,就必须注入到所有人群。同时,地方文化和语言必须整合进一种全球化的教育进路,人文学科要打破认同体壁垒,欧洲人必须走出去到欧洲以外的大学学习。     

从心理学的对象看心理学的科学性貭

心理学的科学性貭問題是一个决定心理学发展前途的重要問題。不确定心理学的科学性貭,就不能使它和邻近的科学明确分工,不能突出它在社会主义建設中所担負的任务,也不能肯定它在科学研究中所应該运用的方法,因而它的发展前途必然受到很大的限     

四个现代化需要心理学

党的十一届三中全会向全国人民提出了新的战斗号召——要把全党和全国工作的重点放到社会主义现代化建设上来。这是一个重大的转变,处在这个伟大历史转折关头,我们心理学工作者也和全国各条战线上的同志们一样,欢欣鼓舞,精神振奋。我们一定要把心理学研究工作搞好,为实现四个现代化而贡献力量,在实现工作重点转移的过程中,发挥我们这一学科应有的作用。     

THE STATE OF PSYCHOLOGY IN CATALONIA*

The major features of comtemporary psychology in Catalonia, a principality of Spain, are described. Training, licensing, and employment are explored within the context of recent regional advancements in the discipline of psychology. These advances are viewed from an historical perspective in which recent progress in psychology in highlighted against a backdrop of political reforms emerging out of the new Spanish democratic constitution and the consignment of educational/professional development and oversight to the autonomous State Government of Catalonia.     

心理学为提高企业素质服务

心理学为社会主义建设服务,这是当前的一项重要任务。为发展生产、改进经营管理服务则是我们近年来探索的一个重点。因为管理的改革十分需要心理学工作者参加解决与人的因素有关的问题。在现代管理学中行为科学起着日益为人重视的作用。 提高企业素质是当前我国管理研究中的一个中心课题。邓小平同志说,从“六五”计     

论勒温心理学中的动力

在本文中,作者分析与探讨了勒温心理学中的动力问题,讨论了他的动力概念,动力模式和动力观,阐发了其中历史与理论的意义,以及其方法论的意义。作者认为动力是勒温心理学研究的核心和进行理论建构的基础,从而理解勒温心理学中的动力,也就成了理解勒温心理学理论的关键。     

PSYCHOLOGY AND THE FOUR MODERNIZATIONS IN CHINA

A review of the development of Chinese psychology since early 1900 to the present time is given with particular emphasis for the period after 1949 when Chinese psychology was faced with the task of reestablishment. Progress as well as drawbacks are described. At present, China is in the process of modernizations in industry, agriculture, science and technology, and defense. The Four Modernizations have opened up new prospects for psychological research, particularly social psychology and applied psychology could contribute to China's national aspirations.     

后现代景观下的心理学

本文考察了论述心理学目前正面临的一深刻的变革,即从实证主义方法论以对支配地位的现代化心理学向强调理论和方法之多元性的后现代心理学的转变。     

THE ACQUISITION OF PERSON PRONOUNS IN FRENCH-SPEAKING CHILDREN*

The study reports data on the acquisition of person pronouns by 29 French-speaking children, aged between 18 and 30 months. The results show that this acquisition proceeds according to a regular developmental sequence, which parallels that found in research with English-speaking children. However, it appeared that the French-speaking children in this study learned the pronouns about 2-3 months later than had been reported for English-speaking children. The results are interpreted as giving evidence about the selective contribution of general developmental mechanisms and socio-cultural and linguistic factors to young children's learning of person pronouns.     

FIRST PERSON PLURAL: SELF‐UNITY AND SELF‐MULTIPLICITY IN THEOLOGY'S DIALOGUE WITH PSYCHOLOGY

In contradistinction to the contemporary human sciences, recent theological accounts of the individual‐in‐relation continue to defend the concept of the singular continuous self. Consequently, theological anthropology and the human sciences seem to offer widely divergent accounts of the sense of self‐fragmentation that many believe pervades the modern world. There has been little constructive interdisciplinary conversation in this area. In this essay I address the damaging implications of this oversight and establish the necessary conditions for future dialogue. I have three primary objectives. First, I show how the notion of personal continuity acquires philosophical theological significance through its close association with the concept of personal particularity. Second, through a discussion of contemporary accounts of self‐multiplicity, I clarify the extent of theological anthropology's disagreement with the human sciences. Third, I draw upon narrative accounts of identity to suggest an alternative means of understanding the experiential continuity of personhood that maintains the tension between self‐plurality, unity, and particularity and thereby reconnects philosophical theological concerns with human‐scientific analyses of the human condition. Narrative approaches to personhood are ideally suited to this purpose, and, I suggest, offer an intriguing solution to understanding and resolving the problem of self‐fragmentation that has caused recent theological anthropology so much consternation.