试论张惠言礼象解《易》的学术创新

以治礼学和易学为务的清代学者张惠言,受启于郑玄以礼解《易》思想,确立礼象解《易》的治易视阈。这一视阈体现着张氏易学研究上的一定创新。其一,视阈确立本身同其以礼治进路创新清代实学形态的课题分不开;其二,礼象解《易》本身是对义理解《易》所注重的对形上之理进行玄解之治学方法的一种"解放";其三,礼象解《易》本身也是对郑玄易学的创新。总之,经过综合创新的张氏易学以虞翻消息说取代了郑氏爻辰说,以阴阳二气的消息归正实现宇宙社会秩序,并把体现为宇宙秩序的"天地之序"作为礼治的天道基础和治理典范,以这个基础和典范贯通礼学和易学,把易象诠释成礼象,以更好地开显《易》书里的"推象应事"的礼治智慧。     

郑玄易学思想述评

郑玄(127—200)东汉经学家。他毕生潜心整理、研究当时流传下来的古典文献,通过注释诸经,创立了“郑学”。于《周易》,他博学多师,建立了以象数学为骨干的博大的易学体系,成为东汉易学一大家。通观郑氏易学,主要有四个显著的特征:爻辰说、礼象说、易数说及易学训诂。兹从这四个方面对郑氏易作以述评,就教于学界方家。一、爻辰说爻辰是象数易学的范畴,它作为一种学说产生于汉初,盛行于东汉,其余音波及几千年,一直到清末,仍为一些易学家笃信和研究。经过历代易学家精心雕琢和阐发,爻辰说的内容丰富而深刻,蕴涵了天文、历法、音律等古代自然科学知识,成为易学家建构象数理论体系和变占筮法的重要材料。     

马融易学探微

马融治《易》用古本,上承费直,使费氏之学得有传承;又下启郑玄易学,使费氏之学得以发扬光大。他以"十翼"解《易经》,同时还以"十翼"互证易理。马融承费直之学,重视以儒理解《易》,这种倾向首先体现在他重视以礼解《易》。其以儒理解《易》的另一个表现是引史注《易》。其在解《易》时十分重视象数学中的卦气说,此外还重视取象和五行说。马融解《易》皆由象数为切入点,而最终归本于人事。马融易学在汉晋易学嬗变中有着承上启下的意义。     

试析郑玄易学天道观

该文全面论述了郑玄易学天道观。首先,通过区分《易纬》和郑玄的本体论,指出郑氏是用以无为本、气（太初）自生为出发点来解决宇宙起源问题。而《周易》三画、爻变、行蓍及爻之相应皆本之宇宙演化。其次,郑氏以《系辞》为据,改造了《易纬》的易之四义,提出易简、变易、不易三义说。易之三义反映的是三个自然法则。再次,运用了天文历法知识解释了郑氏的阴阳变化和万物兴衰的观点。认为郑氏与同时代的思想家一样,把日月变化、天体运行视为阴阳形成、四时更替和万物兴衰的根据。最后,作者提出,郑氏的天道观在吸收《易传》、《易纬》和道家思想基础上,形成了自己独到的见解,丰富和发展了两汉哲学。     

新书架

《易理新研》 台湾学者孙剑秋博士著，台湾学生书局１９９７年１２月初版，２０００年９月再版，全书３１６页。此书是作者多年来习《易》、治《易》的论文及讲授《周易》的材料汇辑，但全书仍有一根主线贯穿其中，并反映出作者多年治《易》的一贯倾向。（１）以义理为主，不废象数。认为“象数图书之学愈盛，则人的自主性便愈低”，故治《易》应“先立乎其大”者（《自序》），又认为“象数亦为易理之二”（《亭林之易经学·论学易不可废数》），不能尽去。（２）《易经》是中国学术之源，易义无所不包，弥纶万化（《（易经）中的体用哲…     

《中庸》郑、朱注比义

郑玄所注《礼记-中庸》和朱子《中庸章句》,无疑是关于《中庸》最为重要的两个诠释文本。二者在文本形态、文字训诂、理论体系、立说旨趣诸方面存在区别和联系。而这些方面,实则隐含《中庸》从礼学文献上升为理学经典文本的内在变化。朱子通过建构文本体系,参酌吸取郑注之训诂,同时消解郑注经学体系和礼学色彩,使得《中庸》从前代经学系统中...     

郑玄爻辰说述评

郑玄爻辰说述评刘玉建一、爻辰说爻辰说是郑玄创立的一种新的解《易》体例。天辰说是指乾坤十二爻与十二辰（地支）的相配。由于十二辰又代表一年十二个月，爻纳辰亦即交纳月，故惠栋《易汉学》又称为“十二月爻辰”。“爻辰”一词见于郑玄《易》注、《易纬》注及其他经书...     

《周易》象理无隔视野下的船山经学观

王船山学宗张载,以易学为入路构建起形上学体系。他从易学最基本的象理问题出发,提出了“《易》之全体在象, 象理一体无隔”的易学基本理念,并据此导出“即象以见理”的易学方法论。他以此象理无隔的易学视野和方法来统摄《六经》,进一步得出了“《五经》皆象,《易》统其理”的经学观,并主张治经要以训诂为根基,以义理为标的,从而使他的经学呈现出汉宋兼采并治的学术特色。     

日本杏雨书屋刊布李盛铎旧藏敦煌写本《论语》残卷叙论

日本杏雨书屋2009年刊布《敦煌秘笈》影片册,其中李盛铎旧藏《论语》之《雍也》、《子罕》、《卫灵公》残卷三纸,尚未经过整理。现对此残卷进行录文整理,并略作校勘。《雍也》残卷为《论语郑氏注》本,或为南朝梁代写本,保留了郑玄注本的原貌,可以补吐鲁番出土《论语》郑氏注相关篇目之阙字;《子罕》、《卫灵公》残卷为《论语集解》本。在抄录上各具特色。     

郑玄“以易笺诗”考论

在中国《诗经》学史上,郑玄的《毛诗传笺》久负盛名。尤其是他利用由古代礼义与礼例对《诗》作了制度化的研究,一直被认为是孔子以来说《诗》的重要发展。然而,作为郑玄《诗》学中不可或缺的重要组成部分学的"以易笺诗",却常为世人所忽略。本文通过对《郑笺》与《易注》的梳理与论证,指出郑玄以《周易》卦爻象与《易传》笺《诗》,虽然大多是片断的,不连贯的,有的甚至是随文引申有感而发,但是他借助《周易》话语,运用当时的社会观念和理论表述自己对《诗》的理解,丰富和深化了《诗》学的"比兴"手法、"天命"观念与讽喻功能,为我们展示了汉代《诗》学研究的新思路和新动向。     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.