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Consumer Rights to Informed Choice on the Food Market 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Volkert Beekman 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2008,11(1):61-72
The discourse about traceability in food chains focused on traceability as means towards the end of managing health risks.
This discourse witnessed a call to broaden traceability to accommodate consumer concerns about foods that are not related
to health. This call envisions the development of ethical traceability. This paper presents a justification of ethical traceability.
The argument is couched in liberal distinctions, since the call for ethical traceability is based on intuitions about consumer
rights to informed choice. The paper suggests that two versions of ethical traceability find justification. The first version
of ethical traceability entails that governments ensure that all consumers are provided with foods that respect some threshold
level of, e.g., animal welfare that is supported by an overlapping consensus. The second version of ethical traceability entails
that food producers provide consumers with products, and sufficient information about these products, that are relevant for
reasonable, non-superficial values that are not supported by an overlapping consensus. Governments should facilitate this
in the sense that consumers are not provided with misinformation about characteristics of foods that are relevant for reasonable,
non-superficial values that are not supported by an overlapping consensus.
相似文献
Volkert BeekmanEmail: |
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Christopher M. Coope 《The Philosophical quarterly》2003,53(213):596-604
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In a recent paper, Peter Singer suggests that some interesting new findings in experimental moral psychology support what
he has contended all along—namely that intuitions should play little or no role in adequate justifications of normative ethical
positions. Not only this but, according to Singer, these findings point to a central flaw in the method (or epistemological
theory) of reflective equilibrium used by many contemporary moral philosophers. In this paper, we try to defend reflective equilibrium from Singer’s attack
and, in part, we do this by discussing Singer’s own favoured moral methodology as outlined in his Practical Ethics. Although basing ethics solely on (certain kinds of) intuitions certainly is problematic, we argue, basing it solely on ‘reason’
gives rise to similar problems. The best solution would arguably be one which could strike a balance between the two—but,
we suggest, this is precisely what reflective equilibrium is all about. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT This article discusses the nature of euthanasia, and the way in which redevelopment of the concept of euthanasia in some influential recent philosophical writing has led to morally less discriminating killing/letting die/not saving being misdescribed as euthanasia. Peter Singer's defence of non-voluntary 'euthanasia'of defective infants in his influential book Practical Ethics is critically evaluated. We argue that Singer's pseudo-euthanasia arguments in Practical Ethics are unsatisfactory as approaches to determining the legitimacy of killing, and that these arguments present a total utilitarian improvement policy—not a case for non-voluntary euthanasia. 相似文献
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基于伦理审查中的真实案例以及境遇伦理学,讨论了涉及以下四个层面在不同情况下实施人工流产的道德性:(1)孕妇与胎儿权利之争;(2)智障女性能否胜任自主抉择?(3)家属代理权的行使及限制;(4)如何使最终决策实现善意?在此类案例中如果采用原则主义容易导致“一刀切”,因此,采取境遇伦理学的策略才能真正解决类似的道德困境。对相同的情形采取相同的措施,不同的情形采取不同的措施,如此方可真正做到符合伦理。
相似文献13.
Katherine Eddy 《Res Publica》2006,12(4):337-356
The fact that welfare rights – rights to food, shelter and medical care – will conflict with one another is often taken to
be good reason to exclude welfare rights from the catalogue of genuine rights. Rather than respond to this objection by pointing
out that all rights conflict, welfare rights proponents need to take the conflicts objection seriously. The existence of potentially
conflicting and more weighty normative considerations counts against a claim’s status as a genuine right. To think otherwise
would be to threaten the peremptory force – and hence the analytical integrity – of rights. The conflicts objection is made
more pressing once we have conceded that welfare rights give people entitlements to what are potentially scarce goods. I argue
that welfare rights can survive the conflicts objection if, and only if, we take scarcity into account in the framing of a
given welfare right.
Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Nuffield Political Theory Workshop in Oxford and the Canadian Philosophical
Association Congress 2006 at York University. I am grateful to Adam Swift, David Miller, Idil Boran, Sarah McCallum and two
anonymous referees for their comments, and to the Economic and Social Research Council for research funding. 相似文献
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Rachel Tillman 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》2013,28(1):18-31
This paper addresses Peter Singer's claim that cognitive ability can function as a universal criterion for measuring moral worth. I argue that Singer fails to adequately represent cognitive capacity as the object of moral knowledge at stake in his theory. He thus fails to put forth credible knowledge claims, which undermines both the trustworthiness of his moral theories and the morality of the actions called for by these theories. I situate Singer's methods within feminist critiques of moral reasoning and moral epistemology, and argue that Singer's methods are problematic for moral reasoning because they abstract from their object valuable contextual features. I further develop this claim by showing the importance of embodiment for the construal of objects of moral knowledge. Finally, I develop the moral and scholarly implications of this critique. By showing that the abstract, universal methods of reasoning Singer employs cannot credibly construe the objects of ethical inquiry, I call into question the validity of these methods as a means to moral knowledge in general. Furthermore, since moral reasoning takes place within an embodied moral landscape, it is itself a moral enterprise. Singer's moral reasoning, and ours, must be held accountable for its knowledge claims as well as its concrete effects in the world. 相似文献
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Derrick Darby 《Journal of social philosophy》2003,34(2):199-214
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