世界佛教大家庭的共同语言——佛教音乐——兼谈佛教音乐的历史与未来

佛教是世界三大宗教之一,自佛教诞生至形成三大语系佛教——巴利语系佛教、汉语系佛教、藏语系佛教,不同时代、不同国家、不同民族、不同教派的佛教信众所使用的佛教语言极其繁复,绝难辨析。但只有佛教音乐可以与佛教雕塑语言、佛教绘画语言一样成为世界佛教大家庭的共同语言,为各国佛教徒所理解、接受与赞叹。     

中国社会科学院世界宗教研究所佛教研究室

佛教研究室成立于1964年,是我所最早成立的分支学科之一。研究范围涵盖中国佛教历史、佛教思想、佛教文献,并兼及国外佛教以及与佛教有关的其他宗教。在46年的历史中,不少蜚声国内外的优秀学者曾在佛教研究室工作过,在中国佛教史、佛教     

中国佛教大乘意识的萌芽与树立

一、序论：印度佛教的大乘意识 在佛教中国化的历程中,中国佛教学者不但面临着在中国文化的背景下,如何转化与诠释印度佛教的问题;更是对印度佛教的继承与扬弃,表现为中国佛教最终舍弃与吸收了小乘佛教,建构了中国大乘佛教的核心体系。但是,中国佛教大乘意识的萌芽与发展,是经过南北朝佛教漫长的批判与转化,伴随着印度佛典的翻译、判教...     

浅析当代都市佛教之架构与传播

正一、关于都市佛教概念的诠释关于都市佛教的定义,上海玉佛寺方丈觉醒法师认为:"都市佛教是指以都市寺院为主要活动场所,根据现代都市特点及要求由僧团为主对市民进行佛法弘扬和开展宗教活动的人间佛教"。[1]1.城市与佛教都市佛教是相对于山林佛教而言的,都市佛教与山林佛教作为中国佛教发展的两种路径,分别于佛教中的自觉与觉他相联系的,山林幽静易于其中思索以图顿悟,通都大邑则利于弘传教义,普度众生。佛陀成就     

菩萨范式及其转换

在1500多年的印度历史中(公元前5世纪至公元10世纪佛教在印度衰亡),佛教经历了原始佛教、部派佛教、大乘佛教的演变和发展;同样地,在2000多年的中国历史中(公元1世纪至今),大乘佛教与中国哲学文化相结合,产生了具有中国特色的八大宗派。当前,肇兴于南传上座部佛教的参与佛教(Engaged Buddhism)和起源于北传中国大乘佛教的人间佛教,已然成为当代世界佛教发展的主流。本论文试以菩萨范式及其转换为切入点,分析不同时期的佛教思想及其实践,论证菩萨道是所有不同时期佛教的一贯之法,亦是当代人间佛教实践的指导思想。     

佛教哲学中的语言学转向

从印度河文明开始,简要论述佛教哲学中的语言学转向。认为前佛教时期至少存在二期语言学转向,原始佛教、部派佛教和大乘佛教都分别经历了语言学转向。佛教传入我国也是经历一次语言学转向。佛教由我国传入朝鲜、日本等国家,也是经历了语言学转向。现代,随着佛教在西方的传播,佛教正在经历一次最大的语言学转向。     

佛教中国化的历史经验 以《大智度论》与中国宗派佛教的形成为例北大核心CSSCISSCI

《大智度论》与中国宗派佛教思想的对比研究,对于比较中印佛学的特质,以及理解二者的相同相异,可以提供很多借鉴,对于佛教中国化的研究也具有重要意义,值得继续深入探讨。一众所周知,印度没有类似中国的宗派佛教。佛陀涅槃后,印度佛教只是在传承的历史上大致形成部派佛教、中观佛教、唯识佛教以及秘密佛教各个时期。对于佛教经典,特别是在后期大乘佛教成为主流之后,各个时期的佛教都没有过多的偏倚。在印度,佛教就是遵奉佛陀教法的学说,并没有在内部形成相对独立化的“宗旨”。然而,大乘佛教理论的复杂性,导致修行者无法轻易把握所有的理论。     

星云大师对佛教的十大贡献

佛光山开山星云大师不仅是现代人间佛教一位卓越的倡导者,也是现代人间佛教一位卓越的创立者。为了说明星云大师在现代人间佛教发展上作出的重要贡献,为当代人间佛教的继续前行总结经验,本文分别从系统建构人间佛教思想理论,深广推进人间佛教实践事业,创建高素质规模化的人间佛教僧团,积极发挥佛教信众主体性作用,倡导对全体佛教文化、知识、信仰的整合,成功推进佛教现代化转型发展,大力拓展佛教的国际弘法空间,努力以佛教加深两岸社会民间的友好交流,引领台湾现当代佛教的健康走向,启迪大陆佛教今后的改革和发展这十个方面,予以了系统和深入的论述。     

由孝人佛:印光大师佛教教育方法论浅析

在近代中国佛教教育中,印光大师注重对佛教与孝道关系的阐释,发展了由孝入佛的佛教教育方法。印光大师的佛教教育方法既是对历代祖师大德融合儒家孝道与佛教教育思想的继承,也是对当时佛教复兴运动的积极响应。印光大师由孝入佛的佛教教育方法论对于近代中国佛教界探索佛教教育和自身发展之路具有重要意义。     

江苏佛教弘法大数据系统建设的现状与思考北大核心CSSCISSCI

2017年初,江苏佛教信息化大数据中心结合大数据时代佛教弘法的特点,创新建设了江苏佛教弘法大数据系统,对全省所有的佛教类网站、佛教论坛以及QQ群、微信群等进行整合,建成了一个覆盖全省佛教弘法资源的大数据系统,让全省佛教四众弟子以及省外乃至全球的佛教弟子均能参与到江苏佛教的各类弘法活动中。     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.