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Karl Schuhmann 《Topoi》1989,8(1):53-61
I am deeply indebted to Barry smith for his helpful criticism of earlier versions of this paper.  相似文献   

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This paper is based on studies made during a stay at the University in Wuppertal, Germany. I thank Professor Klaus Held and Dr. Dieter Lohmar for their various comments upon my initial research.  相似文献   

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Continental Philosophy Review -  相似文献   

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The paper addresses the question of how the unity of science can adequately be characterized. A mere classification of scientific fields and disciplines does not express the unity of science unless it is supplemented with a perspective that establishes a systematic coherence among the different branches of science. Four ideas of this kind are discussed. Namely, the unity of scientific language, of scientific laws, of scientific method and of science as a practical‐operational enterprise. Whereas reference to the unity of scientific language and of scientific laws does not provide a viable basis for the unity of science, the methodological and practical unity might. The unity of science can be characterized by the way in which methodological criteria enter into the assessment or evaluation of theories, and, moreover, by a transdisciplin‐ary approach to problems. Accordingly, the unity of science is not expressed by theoretical uniformity but by the unity of scientific practice.  相似文献   

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My primary aim in this article is to provide a philosophical account of the unity of hallucinations, which can capture both perceptual hallucinations (which are subjectively indistinguishable from perceptions) and non-perceptual hallucinations (all others). Besides, I also mean to clarify further the division of labour and the nature of the collaboration between philosophy and the cognitive sciences. Assuming that the epistemic conception of hallucinations put forward by M. G. F. Martin and others is largely on the right track, I will focus on two main tasks: (a) to provide a satisfactory phenomenology of the subjective character of perceptions and perceptual hallucinations and (b) to redress the philosophers’ neglect of non-perceptual hallucinations. More specifically, I intend to apply one of the central tenets of the epistemic conception—that hallucinations can and should be positively characterised in terms of their phenomenological connections to perceptions—to non-perceptual hallucinations as well. That is, I will try to show that we can positively specify the class of non-perceptual hallucinations by reference to the distinctive ways in which we first-personally experience them and perceptions in consciousness. The task of saying more about their underlying third-personal nature may then be left to the cognitive sciences.  相似文献   

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意向相关项概念是胡塞尔的意向性理论并因此也是其现象学理论的核心概念。意向相关项是一个抽象的内涵实存物,是把弗雷格的意义概念从语言表达领域向意识行为的所有领域的一种推广。它由两个部分构成,即意向相关项的意义和论题特征。每一个行为都有一个意向相关项,但意向相关项不是行为的对象,而是行为指向对象的中介。意向相关项不是通过我们的感官而被知觉到的,而是通过现象学反思获得的。  相似文献   

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