Couple Enrichment Approaches

Abstract

Contemporary couple enrichment approaches are classified and select programs described. The research on their effectiveness is summarized and their usefulness as primary interventions or as adjunct interventions for couples in therapy is highlighted. Directions for future research and practice are suggested.     

Religion,Guilt, and Mental Health

This article reviews the constructs of religion, guilt, and mental health and explores relationships between these constructs as they pertain to the counseling profession. General therapeutic approaches are identified and summarized for counseling practice.     

Relationship Between Intelligence and Occupational Adjustment and Functioning: A Literature Review

This article reviews 50 years of research investigating the relationship between intelligence and various aspects of occupational and vocational adjustment as they relate to both exceptional and nonexceptional individuals. Trends in this research are identified and summarized, and implications for counselors involved in vocational programming are discussed.     

关于数学应用题心理表征策略的新理论

本文主要阐述了数学应用题心理表征中的两种策略一直接转换策略和问题模型策略,介绍了两种策略的认知过程,并对两种策略的区分方法进行了探讨,最后总结说明了研究数学心理表征在理论和实践中的意义。     

Content analysis scales measuring psychosocial maturity in the elderly

Content analysis scales measuring the constructs used to deal with the tasks of Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development have been devised. The scoring categories for these 16 Content Analysis Scales of Psychosocial Maturity (CASPM) are summarized. Percentile norms are provided. Evidence for the reliability and validity of the scales is examined. The CASPM percentile profiles of two elderly people are considered, as are the practical advantages of employing the scales with elderly clients.     

中国心理学六十年的回顾与展望——纪念中国心理学会成立六十周年

<正> 中国心理学会成立已经六十周年了。六十年来,我国的心理学走过了不太长而颇为曲折坎坷的道路,有许多经验值得总结,有好些教训应该记取。让我们趁此学会成立六十周年的日子,回顾既往,展望未来,把我国心理学推向一个新的阶段。     

依恋研究方法述评

依恋研究内容的丰富和发展是以其研究方法的发展为基础的.本文概述了依恋研究领域中与不同年龄阶段相对应的三种影响较大的研究方法,即陌生情境法、依恋Q-set以及成人依恋访谈,并对这些依恋研究方法的优缺点、及其方法之间的关系进行了评述.     

60 Years of Practice,Research, and Teaching in Family Psychology and Family Therapy

Recent theoretical and empirical evidence as well as experimental and practical highlights from 60 years of clinical practice, research, and teaching in family therapy are summarized. This summary contains recent highlights that remain in my memory more vividly than others. I shall start with selected models of Relational Competence Theory (RCT), including variations on the theme of the Deadly Drama Triangle and their workbook applications.     

Some Aspects of Developmental Guidance Within an Existential Context

In this paper developmental guidance and existentialism are viewed as parallel but relatively independent modes of thought. The major theoretical dimensions of developmental guidance are summarized and a brief comparison between developmental guidance and existentialism is made. Certain aspects of existential thought are related to some principles of developmental guidance. Existentialism can provide an idiographic dimension to the fundamentally nomothetic theoretical orientation of developmental guidance by complementing an objective understanding of the individual with a subjective understanding.     

Globalization and its discontents: challenges to developmental theory and practice in Africa

The three contributions to this Special Section on Culture and Human Development are summarized and critiqued. In considering the nature of contemporary psychological science, as well as applications to early childhood care and development, education to prevent HIV/AIDS, and formal academic education, the various authors are in general agreement on the limitations of current knowledge as it applies to African populations. There is also a common focus on the promise of scientific procedures that take seriously the importance of local understandings, institutions, and social settings.     

APDA: A discontiguous S-R automated primate discrimination apparatus

The present paper describes a discontiguous S-R automated primate discrimination apparatus (APDA) designed to eliminate the stimulus sampling biases associated with previous manual and automated testing procedures and at the same time to provide greater specification of the S's intratrial discrimination behavior. Data from two simultaneous color discrimination problems are summarized as an evaluation of the current design.     

Neue Felder in der Operationalisierten Psychodynamischen Diagnostik

After the operationalized psychodynamic diagnostics (OPD) system became well established in clinical as well as research contexts, especially in German speaking countries, the OPD task force now focuses on issues, such as modules and new manuals which are related to various clinical contexts. In this article new modules and manuals are presented and discussed in summarized form: the modules for addiction disorders and for forensic patients, the new OPD-2 manual for children and adolescents, an OPD-based manual for formulating initial assessment reports for insurance companies as well as a conceptualization for an operationalized psychodynamic therapy (OPT).     

发展性阅读障碍的理论及眼动研究

关于发展性阅读障碍,国外研究者,基于认知和生物因素,先后提出了语音缺陷论、小脑缺陷论、一般性大细胞功能障碍论等对发展性阅读障碍进行解释,并考察了患者的眼动特征,提出了有效的诊治方法。目前,汉语发展性阅读障碍研究主要局限在语音和正字法领域,也涉及局部脑区的功能缺陷,但还未从多角度测查其成因,如眼动。这里,在理论梳理的基础上,系统探讨了发展性阅读障碍者的眼动特征,如注视时间、注视次数、眼跳、回视等,及视觉加工的眼动机制     

The future of schooling

Distinction is drawn between research on learning processes among children in schools and the impact of schooling on students' academic and socioemotional development. Schooling and the learning environment are considered within an ecological/transactional framework. The research on school effectiveness and teacher effects is summarized. Interventions directed at the social regularities of the schooling environment are proposed as strategies to improve the learning environment of the school and optimize student outcomes.     

Dialektisk beteendeterapi för suicidala borderline-kvinnor: En presentation

Abstract

Patients showing the features of Borderline Personality Disorder as defined in DSM-IV are notoriously difficult to treat. They are difficult to keep in therapy, frequently fail to respond to therapeutic efforts, and make considerable demands on the emotional resources of the therapist, particularly when suicidal and parasuicidal behaviors are prominent. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, (DBT) devised by Marsha Linehan at the University of Washington in Seattle, is an innovative method of treatment that has been developed specifically for this difficult group of patients. In the present paper, the theoretical grounds for DBT are summarized, as well as the treatment format and different treatment techniques. The empirical evidence for the effectiveness of the method, which has so far been demonstrated in a few controlled studies, is also summarized. Finally, there is a presentation of a research project led by Professor Marie Åsberg at the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm, where a group of female patients at high risk of suicide will be scientifically investigated and described. Besides this careful investigation, Otto Kernberg's treatment model (PDT), Marsha Linehan's treatment model (DBT) and treatment as usual (TAU) will be to be implemented and compared in a controlled treatment study for this group of patients.     

Reinventing the University to Teach Both Mind and Heart (Part I)

The objectives of this special two-part issue are summarized, and the articles within the issue are shown to contribute to the theme. The university must serve adults of all ages who are developing within a global society. Interpersonal interactions are important processes for development. The university might respond to current criticisms of it as an institution, in part, by teaching and studying interpersonal and emotional skills in combination with intellectual skills that are already emphasized. A better balance such as this would make the university, its research, and its students more viable in the next century.     

Recent developments in family behavioral marital therapy

This paper reviews recent developments in the area of behavioral marital therapy (BMT). New information is summarized regarding the long-term efficacy of BMT and the identification of predictors of positive response to treatment and to relapse. Finally, new applications of BMT techniques are reviewed (e.g., spouse-involved therapies as the sole treatment for presenting problems in which marital distress is not the primary focus such as anxiety and affective disorders).     

Modifying the Rorschach Human Experience Variable to create the Human Representational Variable

The Human Experience Variable (HEV; Perry & Viglione, 1991) provided information about interpersonal perceptions not previously available within the Comprehensive System (CS; Exner, 1993). Research data suggests that it was related to interpersonal functioning and as a result, psychological impairment and health. In this article, we present the rationale and empirical basis for recent psychometric refinements to the HEV, consequently renamed the Human Representational Variable (HRV). Research addressing the reliability and validity for the HRV is summarized. Based on data and experience with the HEV, this study summarized some small modifications to the original algorithm. The refined variable, the HRV, has been added to the CS (Exner, 2000). Data presented here suggest that the HRV has improved psychometric properties compared to the HEV and that it is simpler to understand. Research recommendations and interpretive suggestions are also presented.     

Essential content for training behavior analysis practitioners

A recent national survey of 265 behavior analysts has produced a list of 12 content areas and 108 tasks that the group felt were essential in the training of behavior analyst practitioners. The survey methodology, sample demographics, and survey results are summarized. The implications of these results are discussed as they relate to instruction in behavior analysis and the standards of practice of behavior analyst practitioners. The final task list of essential content is provided.