Patterns of Religious Coping among Bereaved College Students

Contemporary research has suggested that bereavement is a paramount issue in college populations, a group which has historically been underrepresented in grief research (Balk. in Death studies 25:67–84, 2001; Balk et al. in Death Studies 34:459–468, 2010). Indeed, there has been a call to generate new research on grief with specific populations and age groups (Center for the Advancement of Health. in Death Studies 28:568–575, 2004). Religion is often described as a primary way that individuals cope with bereavement in particular (Frantz et al. in Pastor Psychol 44(3):151–163, 1996) and has been shown to effect college student reactions to stress in general (Merrill et al. in Mental Health, Religion & Culture 12(5):501–511, 2009). The RCOPE (Pargament et al. in J Clin Psychol 56(4):519–543, 2000, J Health Psychol 9:713–730, 2004) is a frequently used measure of religious coping, but has not been evaluated with a bereaved undergraduate population. Given that emerging adulthood is a critical developmental phase of religious identity (Fowler. in New Directions for Child Development 3(52):27–45, 1991), the current study examined the factor structure of the RCOPE within a sample of bereaved college students. An exploratory factor analysis was performed, which approximated the factor structure proposed by Pargament et al. (J Clin Psychol 56(4):519–543, 2000). However, a high correlation between the positive and negative religious coping subscales (r = 0.71) detracted from the predictive utility of Pargament et al.′s (2000) two overarching subscales. Therefore, an exploratory factor analysis with an orthogonal rotation was used to identify two uncorrelated subscales (adaptive religious coping and maladaptive religious coping). This new two-factor, 39-item version of the RCOPE was found to demonstrate good internal consistency (α > 0.8) as well as convergent and discriminant validity. The interaction between religious coping strategies and core beliefs about the predictability of the world is explored, and directions for future research and clinical practice are suggested.     

大学生道德情感问卷的初步编制*

采用理论分析和开放式问卷调查等方法提出大学生道德情感的基本结构并编制了问卷初始条目。先以259名大学生为被试,对自编初始问卷进行预测,探索性因素分析显示,大学生道德情感包括3个因素:爱国感、责任感和正直感。再对622名大学生进行正式施测,进行验证性因素分析和信度分析。结果显示,总问卷α系数为0.77,重测信度0.72。验证性因素分析各项拟合指标较为理想,具有较好的结构效度。因此,编制的问卷具有较好的信效度,是测量大学生道德情感的有效工具。     

Development of a Short-Form Sex Role Behavior Scale

This article describes the construction of a short-form of the Sex Role Behavior Scale (SRBS). The SRBS is a self-report inventory that samples the interest/behavior domain of sex roles comprehensively. It consists of male-valued (M), female-valued (F), and sex-specific (MF) interests and behaviors in four areas: leisure activity preferences; vocational interests; social interaction; and marital, or primary relationship, behaviors. We administered the SRBS to 411 college men and women along with measures of sex role personality traits and attitudes. Items were selected from the SRBS for inclusion in the short form. We examined male-female differences on the short-form scales, internal consistency, intercorrelations among the scales, and relations of the short-form scales with the long form and with measures of sex role traits and attitudes. The results indicate that the short-form SRBS is a satisfactory substitute for the lengthy inventory from which it was drawn. However, limited internal consistency for some of the separate behavior area subscales suggests that the short form is most suitable for global assessments of sex role interests/behaviors, whereas the long form is more appropriate when more specific assessments are required in the separate interest/behavior areas represented on the SRBS.     

大学生人际适应性量表的初步研制

在文献分析的基础上,文章界定了人际适应性的概念并通过开放式问卷、专家访谈和理论分析进行理论建构,据此编制大学生人际适应性量表对2100名有效被试进行调查.经过探索性和验证性因素分析以及信效度检验,结果表明:(1)大学生人际适应性是一阶11因素二阶2因素的多维度多层次结构.一阶因素包括自知性、关系认知性和合作性等,二阶因素包括人际认知性和人际互动性.(2)大学生人际适应性量表具有良好的信效度,可用于测量大学生人际适应性.     

大学生心理压力感量表编制理论及其信、效度研究

本研究在对心理压力感理论维度分析的基础上,编制了大学生心理压力感量表。量表的因素分析结果表明：(1)大学生心理压力主要有两方面,一是个人自身压力包括家庭压力、适应压力、健康压力、恋爱压力、自卑压力和挫折压力：一是社会环境压力包括人际压力、择业压力、情绪压力、学校环境压力和学业压力。(2)通过信、效度检验,大学生心理压力感量表的理论维度结构合理,具有良好的信度,达到心理测量学的相关要求。(3)心理压力感量表的各维度对大学生的心理健康水平具有良好的预测作用,可以作为评估大学生心理压力水平的有效测量工具。     

大学生无聊倾向问卷的初步编制

在文献分析基础上,结合国外常用的无聊倾向量表,通过开放式问卷、访谈等方法,编制适用于我国大学生的无聊倾向问卷。并对972名大学生进行测查,采用探索性因素分析对无聊倾向性的结构进行剖析。结果表明:(1)问卷分为两个维度:外部刺激和内部刺激;(2)这两个维度由6个因子组成:单调性、约束性、孤独感、紧张感、自控力和创造力;(3)问卷具有较好的信效度,是测量大学生无聊指数的有效工具。     

Correlates of Marijuana Use Among College Students1

Students who have smoked marijuana are compared with non-users on a variety of attitudinal and demographic characteristics. Approximately 36% of the sample of over 5,000 college students from a national survey report usage of the drug. The major demographic characteristics that separate users from non-users are religious affiliation, region of the country, and sex. With respect to collegiate institutions, the selectivity of the institution, the students' academic aspirations, and grade-point average all prove to play a significant role. Anti-war activities and sentiments also prove highly significant. A Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA), which compares the relative contribution of each variable to drug usage, shows that anti-war protest, religious affiliation, and sex are the most significant predictors of marijuana usage. A variety of mechanisms playing a possible role in fostering drug use are discussed.     

大学生过去时间洞察力的心理结构

本研究旨在探索大学生过去时间洞察力的心理结构并编制适合大学生使用的量表。在理论构想的基础上,根据开放式问卷调查结果和前人相关研究,初步确定了大学生过去时间洞察力的结构和量表题项。探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析表明,大学生过去时间洞察力的心理结构由3个维度、12个因素构成。大学生过去时间洞察力量表最终由53个题项构成,具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为评估大学生过去时间洞察力的工具。     

大学生人际交往技巧的结构及其评估问卷编制

探讨大学生人际交往技巧的结构并在此基础上编制问卷。参考过往文献中提出的结构,通过结构性访谈,编制了大学生人际交往技巧评估问卷,并对其进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析。结果：探索性因素分析显示,大学生人际交往技巧包含“语言技巧”,“沟通技巧”“共情能力”,“冲突处理技巧”,“主动交往程度”,“对人际关系的认识”6个维度;问卷的内部一致性系数为0.88,各维度的内部一致性系数为0.65-0.83;验证性因素分析显示,问卷各项拟合指数较为理想,说明问卷具有较好的结构效度。结论：该问卷结构明晰,信效度都达到了测     

Anger and the Use of Defense Mechanisms in College Students

ABSTRACT It was hypothesized that experimentally induced anger would result in an increased use of defense mechanisms in college students. As predicted from the theory of defense mechanism development, the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) stories of angered students showed a higher level of use of projection and identification, and the use of these defenses was significantly correlated with the presence of aggressive content in the stories. The results were consistent with previous studies in showing that the predominant defenses of late adolescents are projection and identification, and that men use more projection than women.     

Religiosity as a Substance Use Protective Factor Among Female College Students

Journal of Religion and Health - Research exists about religiosity as a substance use protective factor. However, there is little attention of this issue regarding Israeli female college students....     

Assessing negative cognitive style: Development and validation of a Short-Form version of the Cognitive Style Questionnaire

The Cognitive Style Questionnaire (CSQ) is a frequently employed measure of negative cognitive style, associated with vulnerability to anxiety and depression. However, the CSQ's length can limit its utility in research. We describe the development of a Short-Form version of the CSQ. After evaluation and modification of two pilot versions, the 8-item CSQ Short Form (CSQ-SF) was administered to a convenience sample of adults (N = 278). The CSQ-SF was found to have satisfactory internal reliability and test-retest reliability. It also exhibited construct validity by demonstrating predicted correlations with measures of depression and anxiety. Results suggest that the CSQ-SF is suitable for administration via the Internet.     

大学生网络交往问卷的初步编制

编制了大学生网络交往问卷,并对随机选取的372名大学生进行调查。探索性因素分析获得五个一级因素和若干二级因素,大学生网络交往问卷内部一致性系数在0.759-0.914间,分半信度在0.707-0.885间,重测信度在0.608-0.725间,各因素间呈中等偏低的相关,TCMC和FCMC在各因素及总分上存在显著的差异,问卷总分和三个一级因素与病理性互联网使用间的相关达到显著性水平。验证性因素分析表明问卷的各项参数均达到可以接受的水平。该问卷具有较好的信度和效度,可以作为后续研究的工具。