Husker du?

Sven Bernecker develops a theory of propositional memory that is at odds with the received epistemic theory of memory. On Bernecker’s account the belief that is remembered must be true, but it need not constitute knowledge, nor even have been true at the time it was acquired. I examine his reasons for thinking the epistemic theory of memory is false and mount a defense of the epistemic theory.     

André du Toit

Abstract

In this commentary, I suggest that Sam Vice’s exploratory and communicative goals in ‘How Do I Live in This Strange Place?’ are not appropriately advanced by the form of her writing. In particular, her analysis and recommendations—which I regard as perceptive and profound—would have been better presented in a non-argumentative format, and by employing a less direct mode of communication.     

La responsabilité pénale du psychiatre du fait de son patient

If the criminal liability remains personal, recent case law has tended to broaden the hypotheses for the doctor's criminal liability in the case of unintentional offenses. The question particularly concerns the psychiatrist, because of acts committed by his patient, on the basis of articles 221-6 or 222-19 of the French penal code. However, judicial assessment of the fault and its causal link with the damage does not impose on the psychiatrist an obligation of result, insofar as only serious professional misconduct, manifestly not in accordance with the rules of medical art, are sanctioned.     

Implantologie orale et responsabilité : à propos du choix du dispositif implantaire

Dental implants are medical devices designed to create stable, strong, non-iatrogenic and durable anchors in the maxilla or mandible to which a removable or fixed dental prothesis fits, to replace one or more missing teeth. From the 1970s to 2000, these medical devices experienced changes in shape and materials before a consensus was reached on a type of implant that responded to the standard of care. This raises the question of the medical liability of healthcare professionals who use different implant systems in their practices. The present article proposes to highlight the choice of the dental implant by dental practitioner, its design and the materials used, on the field of the medical liability, through a retrospective study of judicial decisions in France. The “Brånemark-type” endosseous cylindrical-conical screw implant is considered as standard of care in France. The dental surgeon has the possibility to use other types of dental implants when the clinical situation strictly contraindicates the use of cylindrical-conical screw implants. In case of litigation, he must be able to justify his choices.     

L’analyse psychologique du travail

The author defines the characteristics of the psychological analysis of work as it is practiced in France, pointing out those characteristics which distinguish it from the taxonomic types of analysis more common in the Anglo-Saxon countries. He recalls some of the general traits, presents the analysis of work in the perspective of cognitive psychology, and emphasizes the difficulties compared to other, more classical, analyses. Some particular methods of the psychological analysis of work are presented by analysing the significance of accidents and errors. He emphasizes the many theoretical and methodological problems as well as the role of the analysis of work as a necessary condition previous to any intervention.     

Psychologie du frisson esthétique

This study concerns the problem of aesthetic emotions and that of aesthetic chills in particular. We asked thirty subjects to describe a narrative structure (film, play, book) eliciting chills and the phenomenology of the aesthetic experience. A number of non-random redundancies are observable. The stimuli eliciting positive aesthetic chills in our population have a sensorial dimension and their particular properties are often the selfless actions, existential considerations of a very general nature (e.g., the meaning of life), moments of inner recollection or quiet reflection, situations of solidarity and communion (family, couple, friends) or, on the contrary, situations of violent separation (family, couple, friends). In general, when real events are at stake (and not fictional scenes as in a film or a novel), subjects describe situations where they are safe, where they trust the environment.     

Effet du genre sur la relation humain-technologie : importance du sentiment de maîtrise

This research focuses on gender differences in perceived relationship with technology in particular for professional use. It aims to show at which levels the differences between men and women are focused, using the theory of technosymbiosis to highlight gender differences’. With a questionnaire, 155 workers of half of both genders were asked about their relationship with technology through 6 cross dimensions (functionality, usability, regulations, technology, human and context). It appears that it is not the technological features that are put in default by the women but their feeling to control these technologies.     

Appropriation cognitive du feedback en évaluation du potentiel : validation d’une mesure

IntroductionLimited instruments are available to measure candidate's cognitive integration of the feedback in the context of individual psychological assessment related to the work context.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to validate a questionnaire measuring two dimensions of feedback integration: feedback acceptance and awareness gained from feedback.MethodTwo studies were conducted with candidates who completed a questionnaire further to their individual psychological assessment feedback session. A first study (n = 111) was conducted to explore the factor structure and psychometric properties of the questionnaire. A second study (n = 178) was conducted to confirm the questionnaire factor structure and to substantiate the nomological and discriminant validity of its two dimensions.ResultsResults confirm that the questionnaire measures the two hypothesized dimensions which are only moderately correlated. Nomological and discriminant validity were established by showing that the two dimensions are correlated with meaningful antecedents and outcomes following a distinctive expected pattern for acceptance (more related to assessor’ perceived expertise) and awareness (more related to perceived message relevance and intent to act upon feedback).DiscussionGiving preliminary evidences of reliability and validity, this questionnaire can be used by practitioners and researchers to study candidates’ cognitive integration of feedback.