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主观幸福感的干预研究述评 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
适应和设定点理论质疑主观幸福感能否改变,但研究证明一些干预措施可以增强主观幸福感.持续幸福模型总结了影响幸福感的三类因素,建议利用意向性活动改变幸福感.另有其它可行的干预方法.已有研究在方法和理论等方面存在局限,且缺少跨文化比较. 相似文献
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性格优势与主观幸福感是积极心理学的两大核心研究领域,其中,关于性格优势的"价值实践分类体系"被认为是积极心理学发展至今最具影响的成就之一。研究招募115名在校大学生(69女,46男),分别完成优势价值实践调查、牛津幸福体验问卷,以及生活满意度量表。研究发现:(1)在24种优势中,大学生的五大"显著优势"依次为爱与被爱、正直诚实、感恩感激、美的领悟、善良慷慨;(2)希望乐观、爱与被爱、社交智慧、洞察悟性等性格优势与主观幸福感密切相关;(3)希望乐观、爱与被爱、谨慎审慎、洞察悟性对幸福体验的回归方程拟合程度最优,而希望乐观、宽容宽恕、社交智慧、创造才能对生活满意度的回归方程拟合程度最优。 相似文献
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Daniel Stein 《The Journal of psychology》2013,147(5):505-522
Central to many psychological schools of thought is the notion that self-reflection leads to self-insight which, in turn, leads to enhanced well-being. However, empirical research has found that although self-insight is typically associated with well-being, self-reflection is frequently not associated with self-insight or well-being. Past attempts to understand this conundrum have tended to focus on the role of ruminative self-refection. Using a different approach this study investigates the roles of dysfunctional attitudes and positive core self-evaluations. Using data from 227 participants, two key findings are reported: first, dysfunctional attitudes suppress the relationship between self-reflection and self-insight; and second, positive core self-evaluations mediate the relationship between self-insight and subjective well-being. These two findings imply that a path exists from self-reflection to subjective well-being through self-insight and positive core self-evaluations. This path model was found to be a good fit. Implications for future research and positive psychological practice are discussed. 相似文献
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青少年主观幸福感研究述评 总被引:94,自引:0,他引:94
在对主观幸福感的概念、构成、测评工具予以介绍的基础上,回顾了青少年主观幸福感的基本状况,并对影响青少年主观幸福感的相关因素(包括人口统计学变量、生活事件、家庭因素、神经质和外向性、自尊、控制感)的研究进行了介绍,最后针对青少年主观幸福感的测评工具、状况和影响因素、产生机制和干预等四个方面提出了需要进一步深入研究的问题。 相似文献
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采用父母养育方式问卷、自尊量表、自我效能感量表、人际信任量表、领悟社会支持量表、整体情感与幸福指数量表对765名大学生施测,考察父母养育方式对大学生主观幸福感的影响及其机制.结果表明:(1)与父亲关爱相比,大学生感知到更多的母亲关爱;与女生相比,男生感知到更多的父母过度保护;(2)父、母养育方式与自尊、自我效能感、人际信任、社会支持感知、主观幸福感显著相关;(3)母亲关爱对自尊、自我效能感的影响显著大于父亲关爱的影响,而父、母养育方式对人际信任、社会支持感知、主观幸福感的影响没有显著差异;(4)与自我效能感、人际信任相比,自尊、社会支持感知是影响主观幸福感的主要因素;(5)自尊、社会支持感知是父、母养育方式影响主观幸福感的中介. 相似文献
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研究旨在考察社交网站(微信朋友圈)中的积极反馈(点赞)与个体主观幸福感的关系,及其内在作用机制—孤独感的中介效应和生命意义体验的调节效应。采用朋友圈点赞频率问卷、生命意义体验量表、孤独感量表和主观幸福感量表对461名微信使用者进行研究。结果表明:(1)个体在朋友圈中获得点赞的频率可正向预测其主观幸福感。(2)生命意义体验对点赞频率与主观幸福感之间的关系具有调节效应。(3)这种调节效应以孤独感为中介变量。研究揭示了社交网站中的积极反馈与个体主观幸福感之间关系的内在机制及其个体差异,对避免社交网站中社会反馈的消极影响具有理论意义。 相似文献
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William C. Compton 《The Journal of psychology》2013,147(5):486-500
According to recent research findings, the domain of psychological well-being may be represented by 2 basic factors: subjective well-being (e.g., happiness, life satisfaction) and personal growth (e.g., self-actualization, a sense of meaningfulness). This study tested the hypothesis that in addition to those 2 factors, a 3rd basic factor is necessary to adequately describe the ways in which people search for well-being. That factor is a type of religiosity that is based on other-centeredness and self-renunciation. A sample of 242 undergraduate and graduate students completed 10 measures of psychological well-being that resulted in 21 scales and subscales. Principal components analyses provided initial support for a tripartite model of psychological well-being. Results also suggested that current measures of personal growth may measure either the autonomy or mature social relationships components of the construct. 相似文献
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Integrating The Diverse Definitions of Happiness: A Time-Sequential Framework of Subjective Well-Being 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chu Kim-Prieto Ed Diener Maya Tamir Christie Scollon Marissa Diener 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2005,6(3):261-300
The field of subjective well-being (SWB) is primarily concerned with people's evaluation of their lives; however, it includes
a wide range of concepts, from momentary moods to global life satisfaction judgments. We propose a framework that integrates
these diverse constructs. Our sequential temporal framework of subjective well-being describes experiences of well-being from
the events and circumstances that cause evaluative reactions, through the emotional reactions to these events, to recall of
these reactions, and finally to global judgments of well-being based on the previous stages. The hypothesized processes that
translate the various steps in the sequence into one another are described, and supporting evidence is reviewed. We outline
the implications of our framework for understanding subjective well-being, and discuss the research that is needed to further
explore the proposed framework. 相似文献
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Otake K Shimai S Tanaka-Matsumi J Otsui K Fredrickson BL 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2006,7(3):361-375
We examined the relationship between the character strength of kindness and subjective happiness (Study 1), and the effects
of a counting kindnesses intervention on subjective happiness (Study 2). In Study 1, participants were 175 Japanese undergraduate
students and in Study 2, participants were 119 Japanese women (71 in the intervention group and 48 in the control group).
Results showed that: (a) Happy people scored higher on their motivation to perform, and their recognition and enactment of
kind behaviors. (b) Happy people have more happy memories in daily life in terms of both quantity and quality. (c) Subjective
happiness was increased simply by counting one’s own acts of kindness for one week. (d) Happy people became more kind and
grateful through the counting kindnesses intervention. Discussion centers on the importance of kindness in producing subjective
happiness. 相似文献
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Subjective Well-Being in Midlife: The Role of Involvement of and Closeness to Parents in Childhood 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Eirini Flouri 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2004,5(4):335-358
This study used data from the British National Child Development Study to examine the role of parenting in later subjective well-being (SWB). Parenting was defined as mother involvement and father involvement (measured at age 7) and as closeness to mother and closeness to father (measured at age 16). SWB was measured at age 42 and was defined as life satisfaction, psychological functioning (measured with the GHQ-12), and absence of psychological distress (measured with the Malaise Inventory). Control factors were parental social class at birth, parental family structure throughout childhood, domestic tension in the parental home, parental ill mental health in early childhood, psychological maladjustment in adolescence, financial difficulties throughout childhood, educational attainment, self-rated health in early adulthood, and current socio-demographic correlates of SWB (labour force participation, religion and being partnered). It was found that even after adjusting for these factors closeness to mother at age 16 predicted life satisfaction at age 42 in both men and women, whereas mother involvement at age 7 predicted life satisfaction at age 42 in men. Closeness to mother at age 16 was also negatively related to poor psychological functioning at age 42 in women. 相似文献
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主观幸福感的结构及其与人格特质的关系 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:19
以239名大学生为被试,考察了主观幸福感(SWB)的结构及其与人格特质的关系。分析表明,SWB由生活满意度、积极情感和消极情感三个相关的维度构成,而且它们可以共同负荷于一个高阶因子。外倾和神经质是SWB的重要预测指标,积极情感的主要预测指标是外倾,神经质则是消极情感最有力的预测指标,而外倾和神经质对消极情感和生活满意度有相同的预测力。情感平衡是外倾和神经质影响生活满意度的中介变量。 相似文献
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Cao DianSheng 《社会心理科学》2008,(Z1)
本文简要概括国内主观幸福感研究中涉及的研究要素及惯用的研究方法,指出了研究中存在调查研究多干预研究少,横断研究多纵贯研究少及没能提出相应中国化的主观幸福感理论等问题;简要对国外幸福感研究中的幸福感理论加以概括并重新归类;概括出幸福感研究中测量手段多样化、研究设计科学化、研究领域扩大化、理论构建严谨化等趋势以及对国内幸福感基础理论研究的客观深化及关注层次的提升等借鉴意义。 相似文献
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This study verified the differences in the incidence of memory of emotional abuse among the different parenting styles in students from 18 to 30 years of age at a university in southern Brazil. The relationship between memory of emotional abuse and self-esteem, and subjective well-being was also examined. Students (n = 293) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, published scales measuring self-esteem, life satisfaction, parenting styles, and self-report questionnaires. Negative correlations were found between emotional abuse and self-esteem, positive affect, and life satisfaction. Positive correlations were found between emotional abuse, age, and negative affect. Memories of emotional abuse were significantly more frequent in students who reported being raised under negligent and authoritarian parenting styles than in those who were raised under the other parenting styles. 相似文献
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Dianne A. van Hemert Fons J.R. van de Vijver Ype H. Poortinga 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2002,3(3):257-286
The present study examined the question whether the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which is one of the most widely used instruments to assess depression, can be used to measure differences in subjective well-being at national level. In order to establish the meaning of depression scores at country level, the functional equivalence (i.e., similarity of meaning) of depression scores at individual and country level was examined. Studies using the BDI in normal populations from 28 countries were collected. Depression showed the same correlates at individual and country level, which supports the functional equivalence of the BDI at the two levels. BDI scores and subjective well-being were then correlated with a number of country characteristics in order to test three theories of cross-national differences in subjective well-being. Livability theory stresses the importance of objective living conditions, comparison theory focuses on relative living conditions, and folklore theory states that cross-national differences can be explained by some national trait (e.g., beliefs and values concerning happiness). Cross-national differences in depression and subjective well-being could be explained by livability theory and folklore theory. BDI scores were negatively correlated with subjective well-being and other happiness-related variables. These findings suggest that depression had the same meaning at individual and country level and that depression is an adequate measure of (a lack of) subjective well-being at country level. 相似文献
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大学生主观幸福感的测量研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文主要论述了大学生主观幸福感的测量研究的现状及其测量研究的内容,并讨论了大学生主观幸福感的测量研究的发展趋向,旨在为以后的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Extraversion and neuroticism interact to affect subjective well-being (SWB) at the individual level of analysis, so that introverted
neurotics tend to be particularly miserable. The goal of this study is to determine if this interaction can also be detected
at a national level. Findings based on data from 30 countries confirmed that the interaction between extraversion and neuroticism
was an extremely strong predictor of satisfaction with life and affect, and a similar though not significant effect was observed
with happiness. Neuroticism lowered satisfaction with life and affect among all nations, but more so among introverted nations
than among extraverted ones. These findings further confirm that personality traits can be used to extend our understanding
of national differences regarding SWB. They also further validate national SWB scores, as they relate to personality in a
complex but theoretically meaningful manner. 相似文献