南北朝时期佛教学者的道教观

南北朝时期佛教学者的道教观●杨曾文南北朝时期是中国从西晋末年开始的分裂走向统一的过渡时期。在这个时期，伴随着各个民族的深入融合，流传于大江南北的各种宗教和思想也广泛交流，进一步会通，从而对中华民族文化思想的丰富和发展产生了极大的影响。佛教和道教在南北...     

对隋唐道教之浅识——兼论隋唐道书道藏

隋唐时期,尤其是唐代,是我国道教全面发展时期,继承和发展了南北朝道教。 南北朝时期,是朝代递次更换的时代,除拓跋氏建立的北魏外,其他均为统治时间不超过半个世纪的短命朝代,且均处于有限国土的小型国家性质。至隋建立,乃是中国几百年来又一大统一王朝。隋重佛教,这与政治目的有关,但更重要的是隋文帝的出生及抚养与僧尼有关。据《隋书·帝纪第—·高祖上》载。     

陶弘景环境美学与文艺美学思想探讨

陶弘景是葛洪之后道教美学思想最成体系、最有影响的道教人物,其"游心忘形"的环境美学思想,标志了南北朝时期道教对于人与环境和谐的朴素思考;其融会儒道的"文以传道"的文艺美学观,"吟啸运八气"、"所在皆逍遥"的诗学理论,及其"手随意运,笔与手会"的书法艺术美学论,又为唐、宋道教文艺美学思想的提升和成熟,作了深广的铺垫.     

南北朝道教重玄学初探

一、重玄学思想之渊源南北朝时期重玄学的快速发展,一方面是由于大量士族文人加盟道坛,并运用重玄的思维方式注疏老庄,希望在提升道教理论品位的同时,建构道教圆融的经教体系;另一方面是由于佛道之争的需要,使得道教不得不自觉地加强自身教义理论建设,以期与善于精思析理的佛教     

《宗教学研究》目录(总1—13期)

题 目一、道, 教十年来道教研究的回顾与展望日本的道教研究展开新的一页道教史 [日]洼德忠著‘中国大百科全书·宗教》卷道教分支学科条目何谓道教 (日)福永光司著 、道教基本理论的几个来源关于早期正一道的几个问题南北朝道教与“三洞四辅”魏晋前后社会上的巫祝、方士和隐士六朝时期的道教 (法]马伯乐一美国学者的道教观太～信仰与张角的中黄太一道论黄老道天师道名称小议。方仙道”解净明道的理学特色五斗米道命名的由来关于“四御”和“六御”问题的一点意见’道教的传授经戒 一一论正统道教型的受戒关于原始天尊的命名及其确立道教尚…     

道教特征刍议——兼论与中国传统文化的关系

道教是我国土生土长的宗教,它在东汉时期逐步形成,在汉末黄巾起义失败后经过一系列改造,终于在南北朝时期建立了较为完善的道教组织。尔后,中国文化史上出现了儒、释、道三教鼎立的局面。道教和作为世界三大宗教的基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教相比有许多不同的特点,使得国内外学者对道教的宗教特征颇有争议。本文试图从马克思主义宗教学的观点出发,对道教作些具体分析。     

《太上灵宝元阳妙经》的学习思想

《太上灵宝元阳妙经》(以下简称《太》)是成书于南北朝时期的道教经书,全文十卷,经文中杂有大量佛教教义。《太》以发展道教为目的,以度人为教义,以人自度为条件,提出相当丰富的教学思想和学习思想。它以道教经书为其教学内容,并提出诸如因材施教、答问、教学相长等教学原则和方法;在学习方面特别提出了独具特色的学习思想。     

江苏道教音乐

江苏道教音乐是经过了一个漫长的历史阶段,在吸收了多方面营养后逐渐形成的。东汉时期,茅山修炼士周太宾善鼓琴,昔教孙登独弦,能弹成八音。晋时,茅山著名道士葛洪《抱扑子·内篇》中记载“撞金伐革,讴歌踊跃”,这说明在茅山的宗教仪式中已有边敲打。边唱歌、边舞蹈的音乐形式。其中的乐曲《华夏颂》和《步虚声》就是当时流行的名曲。南北朝时期,茅山道士陶弘景,在陆修静基础上进一步整理,创立了道教茅山派的科仪和音乐。隋唐时期,道教音乐受到帝室重视,江苏道教音乐有很大发展。这一时期,江苏道教主要有茅山上清道派和正一道派…     

《道教义枢》中"道性"意蕴与佛性思想

道性思想是在南北朝时期受佛性思想的影响而发展起来的,至孟安排的<道教义枢>时已经形成了较为完备的道性理论.<道教义枢>中的道性思想既继承了传统道教的思想,又进一步吸收了佛教的重要思想.<道性义>用理和中道来解说道性,为修道成仙提供形上学的根据.进而,又彰显染净说来为道教完善修行解脱理论.道性思想对于道教的发展有着重要的方法论和本体论意义.     

略论关中地区道教造像碑的史料价值

关中地区是我国早期道教盛行的地区之一,南北朝时期新天师道与楼观道先后活动于这一地区.这些教众结邑社、造神像,留下了大量的道教文化遗存.目前为止,在关中地区发现的北朝时期的道教与佛道混合造像碑石(包括一些流失海外的)大约有六七十通,约占全国的百分之八十.如此大鼍集中的道教文化遗存是研究我国早期道教的重要资料,但由于材料公布时间相对较晚,一些重要的金石著作和<道家金石略>均未收录,其材料仅陆续发表在一些考古与美术史学者的论文与著作中.①     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Social and Personal Determinants of Adolescent Use and Abuse of Alcohol and Marijuana

This article summarizes research on social and personal determinants of adolescent use and abuse of alcohol and marijuana to aid practitioners when designing interventions.     

Cognitive and Personality Characteristics of Masculinity and Femininity Predict Wayfinding Competence and Strategies of Men and Women

Bem (1974) reconceptualized masculinity and femininity as independent and orthogonal constructs that both men and women possess to varying degrees. This perspective was used as a starting point to investigate whether the contributions of gender-typed characteristics can help to account for commonly observed gender differences in wayfinding (the ability to identify one’s current location and successfully navigate to an unseen location in the environment) favoring men. We further divided gender-typed characteristics into cognitive and personality characteristics to assess their separate influence on wayfinding and explored whether gender-typed characteristics predicted self-reported use of masculine wayfinding strategies (i.e., orientation strategies) and self-reported wayfinding competence. Participants were 452 college women and men in a southern U.S. public university. They completed the Gender-Stereotypic Characteristics questionnaire (Diekman and Eagly 2000), a social comparison questionnaire (created by the authors), a wayfinding strategy questionnaire (Lawton 1994), and a wayfinding competence questionnaire (Hegarty et al. 2002). For both men and women, higher masculine cognitive characteristics significantly correlated with greater use of orientation wayfinding strategies typical of men. For men, both higher masculine and feminine cognitive characteristics predicted better overall wayfinding competence whereas for women, only higher masculine cognitive characteristics predicted better overall wayfinding competence. For both men and women, higher feminine personality characteristics predicted poorer wayfinding competence. These results demonstrated the importance of considering cognitive and personality characteristics of masculinity and femininity in explaining individual differences in wayfinding.     

Self-ratings of positive and negative affect and retrieval of positive and negative affect memories

Abstract

Based on analysis of self-ratings of mood, positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) have been proposed as basic, orthogonal mood dimensions (Watson & Tellegen, 1985). The present study asked subjects (N = 61) to not only provide self-ratings of PA and NA terms but also to retrieve personal memories associated with those terms. Self-rated PA was associated with latency to retrieve PA- but not NA-related memories; self-rated NA was associated with latency to retrieve NA- but not PA-related memories. Self-ratings of PA and NA were not significantly correlated, nor were retrieval latencies for PA and NA memories. Individual item correlations also revealed a strong direct relationship between self-ratings and retrieval latency. The dissociations involving a non-self report measure strengthen the distinction between PA and NA, and the individual item correlations are interpreted as showing that self-ratings of affect are based upon the ease of retrieval of personal memories.