An Empirical Examination of Religious/Spiritual Struggle Among Israeli Jews

The current investigation examined the prevalence, predictors, and psychological implications of religious and spiritual (r/s) struggles among a sample of Israeli-Jewish university students. R/s struggle was assessed by the Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale. This is a newly constructed scale that assesses a wide array of r/s struggles. The RSS is composed of six factors of struggles: Divine, Doubt, Demonic, Interpersonal, Moral, and Ultimate Meaning. Confirmatory factor analysis of the RSS in this study confirmed this six-factor structure. Of the 164 Jewish participants, between 1.2% and 30.5% experienced various r/s struggles. Beliefs in a cruel God and distant God, religious participation, and fundamentalism predicted higher levels of different types of struggle. All six forms of struggle were correlated with greater psychological distress. In regression equations including r/s struggles and demographic and religious variables, Moral struggles predicted lower life satisfaction, Divine struggles predicted depressive symptoms, and both Divine and Doubt struggles predicted generalized anxiety. Possible explanations and implications of the findings are offered. We conclude by pointing to the limitations of the study and suggesting a few directions for future research.     

急性冠脉综合征患者血液Rho激酶活性分析

探讨 Rho 激酶（ROCK）活性与急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者冠状动脉狭窄程度及预后的关系。选取2012年6月至2013年3月住院的129例患者,其中急性心肌梗死（AMI）组68例、不稳定型心绞痛（UA）组30例、对照（CON ）组31例。Western Blot 检测血液白细胞中 ROCK 、ROCK1、ROCK2活性,同时根据冠状动脉的狭窄程度及是否发生心血管意外分组再次比较。 AMI 组和 UA 组 ROCK 、ROCK1、ROCK2活性均增高;且 AMI 组高于 UA 组;三支、双支、单支病变组活性依次减低,Gensini 评分≥20分组及发生心血管意外组均高于 Gensini 评分＜20分组及未发生心血管意外组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。 ROCK 活性可能对 ACS 患者预后观察、评估有重要意义。     

甲亢合并急性冠脉综合征的临床及冠脉特点研究

探讨甲亢合并急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者的临床及冠状动脉病变特点.选取2010年1月至2013年6月于我院住院诊断的甲亢合并ACS患者（甲亢组）64例及甲状腺功能正常的ACS患者（对照组）56例,分析其临床及冠脉病变特点.甲亢组静息性心绞痛、高血压、糖尿病的发生率,纤维蛋白原（FIB）、氨基末端B型利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）水平、零病变及冠状动脉痉挛比例明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）水平明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）.甲亢合并ACS患者常发生静息性心绞痛,冠心病危险因素与甲状腺功能正常患者有所不同,零病变及冠脉痉挛比例高,冠状动脉痉挛可能是其发生急性心肌缺血的重要机制.     

3例误诊为急性冠脉综合征实施介入诊治死亡病例的启示

探讨3例被误诊为急性冠脉综合征(ACS)而急诊实施介入诊治死亡病例的临床特点及误诊原因,提高对ACS的诊断意识.收集我院比较典型的3例误诊死亡病例进行回顾性分析.3例死亡病例中1例为肺栓塞、1例为主动脉夹层动脉瘤(AD)、1例为流行性出血热,3例均实施了冠状动脉造影,1例于前降支植入了1枚支架.ACS患者临床表现复杂,误诊原因多为首诊医师思路狭窄,应充分利用现代影像技术,仔细分析临床症状和体征,可减少误诊死亡的发生.     

A Positive Psychology Intervention for Patients with an Acute Coronary Syndrome: Treatment Development and Proof-of-Concept Trial

Positive psychological constructs are associated with superior outcomes in cardiac patients, but there has been minimal study of positive psychology (PP) interventions in this population. Our objective was to describe the intervention development and pilot testing of an 8-week phone-based PP intervention for patients following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Initial intervention development and single-arm proof-of-concept trial, plus comparison of the PP intervention to a subsequently-recruited treatment as usual (TAU) cohort. PP development utilized existing literature, expert input, and qualitative interview data in ACS patients. In the proof-of-concept trial, the primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability, measured by rates of exercise completion and participant ratings of exercise ease/utility. Secondary outcomes were pre-post changes in psychological outcomes and TAU comparisons, measured using effect sizes (Cohen’s d). The PP intervention and treatment manual were successfully created. In the proof-of-concept trial, 17/23 PP participants (74 %) completed at least 5 of 8 exercises. Participants rated the ease (M = 7.4/10; SD = 2.1) and utility (M = 8.1/10, SD = 1.6) of PP exercises highly. There were moderate pre-post improvements (ds = .46–.69) in positive affect, anxiety, and depression, but minimal effects on dispositional optimism (d = .08). Compared to TAU participants (n = 22), PP participants demonstrated greater improvements in positive affect, anxiety, and depression (ds = . 47–.71), but not optimism. A PP intervention was feasible, well-accepted, and associated with improvements in most psychological measures among cardiac patients. These results provide support for a larger trial focusing on behavioral outcomes.     

3例误诊为急性冠脉综合征实施介入诊治死亡病例的启示

探讨3例被误诊为急性冠脉综合征（ACs）而急诊实施介入诊治死亡病例的,搭床特点及误诊原因,提高对ACS的诊断意识。收集我院比较典型的3例误诊死亡病例进行回顾性分析。3例死亡病例中1例为肺栓塞、1例为主动脉夹层动脉瘤（AD）、1例为流行性出血热,3例均实施了冠状动脉造影,1例于前降支植入了1枚支架。ACS患者临床表现复杂,误诊原因多为首诊医师思路狭窄,应充分利用现代影像技术,仔细分析临床症状和体征,可减少误诊死亡的发生。     

非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征药物治疗规范化分析

回顾性分析我院收治的129例非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者的临床资料。对比在非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征诊治上与最新指南的差距,找出改进措施。结果表明我院的临床实践与最新指南存在较大差距,在强化抗栓,调脂治疗,B受体阻滞剂及血管紧张素转换酶抑制荆类药物使用上均有待提高。今后应采取更加积极的措施,规范用药,以达到更好的预后和转归效果。     

急性冠脉综合征患者合并抑郁障碍对生存质量的影响

为了了解急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者合并抑郁障碍的现状及其对生存质量(QOL)的影响,对104名ACS患者应用一般情况调查表、HAD(d)、SF-36进行调查。结果显示31.73%的ACS患者合并抑郁障碍;ACS伴抑郁障碍SF-36各因子分均低于不伴抑郁障碍;HAD(d)总分与SF-36各因子分均呈负相关。因此ACS患者是抑郁障碍的易感人群,且抑郁障碍可降低ACS患者的QOL。     

急性冠脉综合征患者合并抑郁障碍对生存质量的影响

为了了解急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者合并抑郁障碍的现状及其对生存质量(QOL)的影响,对104名ACS患者应用一般情况调查表、HAD(d)、SF-36进行调查.结果显示31.73%的ACS患者合并抑郁障碍;ACS伴抑郁障碍SF-36各因子分均低于不伴抑郁障碍;HAD(d)总分与SF-36各因子分均呈负相关.因此ACS患者是抑郁障碍的易感人群,且抑郁障碍可降低ACS患者的QOL.     

In Search for the Many Faces of Community Resilience Among LGBT Individuals

Many countries (e.g., Egypt, Russia, and Uganda) have very draconian laws against LGBT individuals. Despite facing such adversity or hostility many LGBT individuals do strive and maintain their sense of self‐worth. How do they do it? The collection of papers in this special issue attempts to provide some answers to this question. I will attempt to analyze two overlapping issues in these papers, and how they might inform LGBT research using a resilience lens.     

In the Search for a Post-Communist Syndrome: A Theoretical Framework and Empirical Assessment

A pattern of attitudes and behaviours in the recently freed, post-communist countries is hypothesized as a post-communist syndrome. This study describes the syndrome and its aetiology. The syndrome is viewed as a direct result of long-lasting, oppressive rule and suggests a host of individual and social disorders: learned helplessness, specific manifestations of immorality/incivility, lack of civic culture and civic virtues. Using Q-factor analysis of ‘civic culture’ in a sample of Czech, Hungarian and American students it was found that contrary to the hypothesis, the Czech respondents exhibited a robust civic culture. (© 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)     

Religious Commitment,Skepticism, and Struggle Among U.S. College Students: The Impact of Majority/Minority Religious Affiliation and Institutional Type

Using a longitudinal sample of over 14,000 undergraduate students, this study explores whether and how students’ religious transformations during the college years are associated with their religious affiliation, religious experiences, and the institutional characteristics of their college or university. Hierarchical linear modeling reveals that students from religious majority groups (i.e., mainline and evangelical Protestants) generally experience increased religious commitment and decreased religious skepticism as compared with students from religious minority groups. Interestingly, though, students from these majority groups also report greater levels of religious struggle compared to minority group students. Moreover, institutional religious affiliation and an inclusive campus religious climate often attenuate the relationship between students’ religious affiliation and their religious transformation. Environments at both the macro (campus) and micro (friendship groups) levels contribute critically to young adults’ religious commitment.     

高维持量氯吡格雷对急性冠脉综合征患者介入治疗后血小板功能的影响

探讨不同维持量氯吡格雷和替罗非班联用对急性冠脉综合征患者冠脉介入后血小板功能、疗效和安全性的影响.选择120例急性冠脉综合征(ACS)行冠脉介入治疗患者随机分为A组(n=60)和B组(n=60),B组在常规治疗的基础上给予氯吡格雷150mg/d 1个月.结果显示术前和术后1天A组和B组血小板聚集率和最大聚集时间、P选择素(P-sel)、可溶性CD40L(sCD40L)比较均无统计学意义,而术后3天、5天、7天B组显著降低(P＜0.05);出血发生率B组增高,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05),主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生率B组显著性降低(P＜0.05).以此较高维持剂量氯吡格雷和替罗非班联用,不增加出血风险,提高疗效.     

Risk Factors for Alcoholism Among Women Religious: Affect Regulation

Risk factors for addiction have received extensive empirical attention. Specific risk factors for women Religious (nuns), however, are not well known. This report examines risk factors for alcoholism in a retrospective study of 148 chemically dependent women Religious in treatment. Negative emotionality, a personality measure, was the only significant predictor of alcoholism severity in a joint multiple regression with childhood trauma, parental alcoholism, mental health history, ego strength, and self esteem. These findings imply that treatment of this group in chemical-dependency programs needs to include psychological modalities beyond the traditional psychoeducation in order to adequately address difficulties in affect regulation.     

关于急性冠脉综合征的范畴以及与心理危险因素相关的思考

心绞痛或心肌梗死均属于冠心病中的一个类型,这一点已为众所周知,但近年来经常出现"急性冠脉综合征(Acute Coronary Syndrome,ACS)"一词,据2000年出版的医学院5年制的教科书中提出,ACS约占冠心病的30%[1],而在2年后出版的硕士生专用教科书中提出ACS已占冠心病的50%以上[2].由于冠心病是当前最常见而且是死亡率最高的一种心血管疾病,ACS又占冠心病的50%以上,因此有必要明确有关ACS发生发展的概念.     

History of Religious Delusions and Psychosocial Functioning Among Mexican Patients with Paranoid Schizophrenia

The association between global functionality and religiosity among patients from developing and predominantly Catholic countries warrants attention. To compare religiosity and psychosocial functioning in Mexican schizophrenia patients with and without a history of religious delusions, seventy-four patients with paranoid schizophrenia were recruited. Patients with a history of religious delusions had more psychiatric hospitalizations and poorer psychosocial functioning compared with those without a history of religious delusions. No differences emerged between groups in the total scores of religiosity scales. A history of religious delusions rather than religiosity itself may have an influence on psychosocial functioning among Mexican patients with schizophrenia.     

缺血修饰白蛋白在急性冠脉综合征中的临床应用研究

缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA),是一种反映急性心肌缺血的新的生化标志物,具有灵敏度高、阴性预测值高、时间窗窄等优点,是第一个经美国食品药品管理局(FDA)批准销售的心肌缺血标志物.近年来诸多研究证明缺血修饰蛋白在急性冠脉综合征的早期诊断、危险分层、指导治疗以及评估预后等方面具有重要临床意义,是目前较为理想的检测心肌缺血的生化标志物.本文就IMA的形成机制、检测方法及临床应用研究等方面作一综述.     

急性冠脉综合征（ACS）使用他汀类药物越早越好

通过对急性冠脉综合征他汀治疗的循证医学证据分析,探讨他汀类药物治疗越早越好的依据,并分析血脂治疗达标现状,提高高危、极高危患者的血脂治疗达标率。汇总急性冠脉综合征的他汀治疗相关研究：MIRCAL、PROVEIT、ARMYDA等,以及他汀治疗对斑块的研究ES-TABLISH、GAIN等试验的研究结果,分析美国胆固醇教育计划中血脂目标,以及中国成人血脂异常防治指南中血脂目标值,结合目前临床血脂达标现状,用以确定高危、极高危患者使用他汀治疗的方案应越早越好。心内科以及其他科室的医生应该积极按照《指南》要求尽早使用他汀类药物。