The Train Paradox

When two omnipotent beings are randomly and sequentially selecting positive integers, the being who selects second is almost certain to select a larger number. I then use the relativity of simultaneity to create a paradox by having omnipotent beings select positive integers in different orders for different observers.

新生儿疼痛管理方法与培训现状

总结了目前新生儿疼痛管理方法与培训现状.疼痛管理方法包括非药物性止痛方法如口服蔗糖水、非营养性吸吮、襁褓包裹及袋鼠式护理等,药物镇痛如瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚用于小儿气管插管及其他;培训现状包括权威教科书上缺少关于新生儿疼痛管理知识、缺乏特异性调查问卷、缺乏专业师资及培训机构.认为在新生儿的治疗护理中医护人员要坚持科学的认识论,把握医学伦理学的要求,在日常的治疗护理中体现对新生儿的人文关怀,才能进一步提高医疗护理质量,达到医院与患者的双赢.     

No Train Paradox

In “The Train Paradox”(Philosophia (2006) 34: 437–438) Gwiazda proposes the use of the relativity of simultaneity to formulate a new paradox. My purpose here is to show that there is no Train Paradox in Gwiazda’s sense.     

Hitchcock's Strangers on a Train and Leconte's Man on a Train: Denying and Befriending the Shadow

This paper offers an analysis of two films made 50 years apart. Both films deal primarily with the shadow archetype and with a pair of male characters who are at once opposites and doubles of one another and whose lives collide or converge in fateful ways. The relationship between persona and shadow archetypes is explored in both films, as are the negative and positive contents in the shadow. Hitchcock pairs a politically ambitious tennis player with a charming but psychopathic killer in order to examine how denying the shadow through repression and projection leads to dangerous and self-destructive shadow eruptions. Hitchcock's main character never fully acknowledges or integrates his shadow and never accepts his complicity in the murder commited by his double. French director Patrice Leconte pairs two unlikely characters, a retired teacher and a world-weary gangster. As their friendship deepens, each character comes to understand how his very different life represents the unlived life of the other man. Acknowledging their differences, learning from one another, exchanging gifts and roles and maintaining the tension of opposites, both men enrich their lives and integrate their shadows. The dynamics of the shadow archetype—the success or failure of characters to bring to consciousness, acknowledge, and integrate their darker sides—is the focus of this essay and the central concern of these two psychologically complex, entertaining films.     

Visual Illusions of Motion During Train Travel

Army Air Forces. Aviation Psychology Program Research Reports. Washington, D. C.: Goaernrnent Printing Ofice, 1947. Reviewed by H. J. Eysenck.     

Using Experiential Learning Theory to Train Career Practitioners

Effective instructional strategies are needed for career practitioner training. Experiential learning theory (ELT; A. Y. Kolb & Kolb, 2009) provides an instructional foundation from which awareness of the various components of career development can be enhanced. Support for ELT as an effective method of instruction exists in various fields (Hoover, Giambatista, Sorenson, & Bommer, 2010; Ti et al., 2009). ELT integrates 6 shared propositions derived from John Dewey, Jean Piaget, William James, Carl Jung, and Carl Rogers (A. Y. Kolb & Kolb, 2009). This article outlines components of ELT and their application in training career service practitioners.     

Too Old to Train or Reprimand: The Role of Intergroup Attribution Bias in Evaluating Older Workers

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore the role rater and target age play in the evaluations of poorly performing workers. Intergroup attribution theory suggests that rater age predicts the attributions made for the poor performance of older workers.

Design/Methodology/Approach

In this study, 203 supervisors in various industries completed measures of causal attribution and evaluations for a poorly performing hypothetical subordinate.

Findings

Compared to the poor performance of younger targets, the poor performance of older targets was more likely to be attributed to external and controllable causes by older raters and more likely to be attributed to stable causes by younger raters. These attributions predicted willingness to punish and likelihood to provide training.

Implications

Our findings were partially supported by intergroup attribution theory and suggest that this theory may be useful in understanding how older workers’ performance is evaluated.

Originality/Value

This is one of the first studies to utilize intergroup attribution theory among supervisors in exploring how older workers are evaluated in the workplace and to demonstrate that the theory predicts how older workers’ poor performance will be attributed. Our study provides evidence that when evaluating a poorly performing older target, older raters will be more inclined to attribute this performance to controllable causes and thus be more punitive than younger raters. Further, we provide some evidence that raters will be more punitive and less willing to provide training when evaluating poorly performing targets to whom they are similar.     

On a Train from Morgantown: A Film Script

This paper consists of an imagined fictive historical dialogue between German-born developmental psychologist, Klaus Riegel and American-born social psychologist, Kenneth Gergen. In the story, Riegel and Gergen have just both presented papers at a conference in West Virginia and are boarding a train to return to their respective Universities??Riegel to the Midwest and Gergen to the East Coast. We meet them as they are travelling from Morgantown, West Virginia to Pittsburgh to change trains. We join then at crucial moments for both?Cin their thinking and in their personal journeys. Their conversation of the train ignites ideas that would propel Gergen into abandoning meta theories and lighting the spark that began the concept of social constructionism. At a turning point in his development of a metatheory of the dialectic, Riegel, however, would be dead within just a few years. This retrospective imagining, supported by narrative biographical theory is extended, in this case, to the illusory biographies of others and constructed within a sense of other as created by an imaginative projection of self onto their worlds.     

The Impact of Breaks on Sustained Attention in a Simulated,Semi‐Automated Train Control Task

Summary: Sustained attention is a factor in many work environments where operators intervene on a regular basis to ensure the safety and security of a system. Different types of activity during break periods may facilitate different levels of performance following extended periods of attention in these environments. The impact of five different breaks from task activity was assessed against the performance of a no‐break control group during a simulated, high signal probability rail control task. A total of 87 university students were assigned to a no‐break control condition, or one of five break activity conditions that occurred between two, 20‐minute periods of simulated rail control. Post‐break, the analysis revealed that, in comparison to the control condition, performance was greater in all of the five break conditions. Any activity that drew operators' attention from the primary rail control task enabled improvements in performance beyond a no‐break control task.Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Using Technology to Train and Sustain Delivery of Evidence-Based Practices

Practitioners face three challenges in delivering evidence-based practice: limitations in the evidence available to guide routine clinical decisions; limitations in clinical judgment that are hard to remedy with typical work routines; and the practical difficulties of training and sustaining the breadth of skills relevant to meet diverse patient needs in a generalist practice. We recommend designing practice environments that support development of excellent clinical judgment with use of standardized work routines that help detect relationships between clinical decisions, interventions, and patient outcomes. We describe examples illustrating how technology can support training and supervision within this framework.     

创新医学教学模式,培养高素质医学人才

以现代教育思想和理念为指导,汕头大学医学院进行了医学教学模式的创新,通过"课程体系更新"、"教学方法创新"、"英语提升计划推进"和"考试制度强化"等有效的研究和实施,促进高素质医学创新人才培养,全面提高了学校的教学质量和综合办学能力.     

创新医学教学模式，培养高素质医学人才

以现代教育思想和理念为指导,汕头大学医学院进行了医学教学模式的创新,通过“课程体系更新”、“教学方法创新”、“英语提升计划推进”和“考试制度强化”等有效的研究和实施,促进高素质医学创新人才培养,全面提高了学校的教学质量和综合办学能力。     

Using a Naturalistic Sport Context to Train Social Skills in Children

ABSTRACT

Researchers have utilized sports activities to deliver social skills training (SST) programs to children. Using a multiple-baseline across behaviors design, we examined whether a brief SST program delivered during a soccer camp would increase social skills and athletic competencies. Each participant’s self-concept, and his interest in soccer were evaluated. Results suggest that the SST procedure effectively increased targeted social skills. Further, participants reported increased interest in soccer and higher overall self-concept. Our results suggest that similar effects can be achieved in a relatively short, but intense, camp that utilizes SST and sports-skill training components. Limitations and implications are discussed.     

养成训练:未成年公民品德塑造的新路径

重灌输轻养成、重理论教育轻行为训练是青少年道德建设成效不高的重要原因,而养成训练则被证明是未成年公民道德素质生成的有效路径.这是由品德生成的客观规律、未成年人身心发展的特点以及体验教育、实践育人的任务决定的.要切实提高道德行为习惯养成的实际效果,德目指标应易记易循,行为准则须明确具体;活动方案设计应贴紧未成年人实际,训练活动要注重可操作性,强化情感体验环节,抓好"小处"、"小事",注意训练活动的持续性和家校(园)之间的良性互动,不断巩固养成成果.实践证明,从基本道德行为习惯养成训练入手正是促进未成年人道德建设取得实效的关键所在.     

Why Choo‐Choo Is Better Than Train: The Role of Register‐Specific Words in Early Vocabulary Growth

Across languages, lexical items specific to infant‐directed speech (i.e., ‘baby‐talk words’) are characterized by a preponderance of onomatopoeia (or highly iconic words), diminutives, and reduplication. These lexical characteristics may help infants discover the referential nature of words, identify word referents, and segment fluent speech into words. If so, the amount of lexical input containing these properties should predict infants’ rate of vocabulary growth. To test this prediction, we tracked the vocabulary size in 47 English‐learning infants from 9 to 21 months and examined whether the patterns of growth can be related to measures of iconicity, diminutives, and reduplication in the lexical input at 9 months. Our analyses showed that both diminutives and reduplication in the input were associated with vocabulary growth, although measures of iconicity were not. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that phonological properties typical of lexical input in infant‐directed speech play a role in early vocabulary growth.     

Federal Funds to Train Clinical Psychologists for Work with Underserved Populations: The Bureau of Health Professions Graduate Psychology Education Grants Program

This paper describes the Bureau of Health Professions (BHPr) Graduate Psychology Education program (GPE), which supports projects that train health service psychologists for work with underserved populations. BHPr history and funding criteria are discussed, as are those of BHPr's parent organization, the Health Resources Service Administration. BHPr objectives and methods for support of clinical psychology training parallel those that BHPr has used to support training in other heath professions. The paper also describes three psychology internship training programs in academic medical settings that competed successfully for BHPr GPE funding in 2002. The three training projects differ significantly in training rotation sites, target populations with which trainees work, and the other health care professions that partner with psychology in interdisciplinary training—but they are similar in that each project provides an example of a program that effectively satisfied BHPr criteria for expanding psychology's scope of practice with underserved populations.     

Attempts to Train Novices for Beer Flavor Discrimination: A Matter of Taste

Inexperienced beer-drinkers who could not pass a beer-flavor discrimination test were divided into a taste group, which received additional perceptual experience with beer flavors; a verbal group, which received instruction in beer flavor terminology; a taste/verbal group, which received both additional experience and instruction; and a control group. Before and after training, all subjects participated in a similarity rating task involving beer flavors and flavor-related adjectives. Additional taste experience—but not increased experience with beer-flavor terminology—improved novices' ability to detect identical beer flavors. Results are discussed in terms of the trainability of flavor discrimination and the role of cognitive factors (both flavor-related and flavor-independent) in marketing beverages.     

Using an Imagery Intervention to Train Visual Exploratory Activity in Elite Academy Football Players

Football players adapt their movements to opportunities within the surrounding environment by engaging in visual exploratory activity (VEA) to pick up information. This study adds to the extant literature by using a 6-week PETTLEP imagery intervention to train VEA and improve performance with the ball. A single-case, multiple baseline across participants' design was conducted with 5 elite academy football players. Results indicated that a PETTLEP imagery intervention improved VEA, particularly in center midfielders. In addition, indications of improvements in performance with the ball were present within some participants. Future researchers could examine the processes underpinning VEA to enhance applied interventions for this skill.