LOOKING GOOD, SOUNDING GOOD: FEMININITY IDEOLOGY AND ADOLESCENT GIRLS' MENTAL HEALTH

This study used a feminist psychodynamic developmental framework to test the hypothesis that internalizing conventional femininity ideologies in two domains—inauthenticity in relationships and body objectification—is associated with early adolescent girls' mental health. One hundred forty-eight eighth-grade girls completed measures of femininity ideology, self-esteem, depression, and demographic characteristics. In the first part of this study, we refined the Adolescent Femininity Ideology Scale originally developed by Tolman and Porche (2000) . In the second part, we used structural equation modeling to test models linking femininity ideology to mental health. Results revealed that body objectification, and to a lesser extent, inauthenticity in relationships, accounted for half of the variance in depression and over two-thirds of the variance in self-esteem in a critical period of development for adolescent girls. The importance of a feminist psychodynamic developmental framework for identifying and understanding salient dimensions of female adolescence is discussed.     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》动力系统分量表的编制

本文旨在介绍青少年心理健康素质动力系统量表的编制及其标准化过程。量表编制的重要理论基础为马斯洛的五级动机理论和弗兰克尔的自我超越动机理论。研究的测量工具有:自尊量表,自我超越生命意义量表,指向自我生命意义量表和对意义的追寻量表。被试为北京市某中学的334名初中高中学生。结果显示:青少年心理健康素质动力系统量表的内部一致性Cronbach′sα=0.90,效标效度较理想。研究结论:该量表可以作为测量青少年心理健康素质动力系统的一个较为可靠的工具。     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》适应分量表的编制

在文献分析和专家咨询的基础上,构建了青少年适应的基本结构,并编制了青少年适应量表。结果发现:青少年适应包括生理适应、情绪适应、人际适应、学习适应、社会适应和生活适应等6种成分,探索性因素分析表明,该6因素共同解释着青少年适应。所编制量表具有较高的信度和效度,可以作为青少年心理适应性的测量工具。     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》人际素质分量表的编制

研究目的是编制一份青少年心理健康素质的人际素质分量表。根据青少年心理健康素质的理论,心理健康素质人际素质分量表结构包括3个维度,即人际交往能力、人际知觉和人际调控,共编制21个条目。本文就3次施测的结果分析了该分量表的内部一致性系数、重测信度和结构效度。结果表明,心理健康素质人际素质分量表符合心理测量学的要求,可以作为测量青少年人际心理健康素质的工具。     

THE CATEGORY SCALE EQUATION

It has been claimed that the nearly logarithmic form of some category scales supports Fechner's law. However, by assuming that the concepts of similarity and difference are quantitatively complementary, it is possible to deduce the category scale equation from the similarity function. Thus, the category scale equation cannot be taken as evidence of the validity of Fechner's law.     

BODY, MOTHER, MIND: ANOREXIA, FEMININITY AND THE INTRUSIVE OBJECT

This paper takes as its starting point the preponderance of female to male patients who suffer from anorexia. The author suggests that there may be something specific about certain experiences of femaleness which predispose towards anxieties of intrusion. Two contemporary theories of the aetiology of anorexia are outlined. Both of these suggest that the problem has its origins in intrusion or invasion of different sorts. The author suggests that many women who suffer from anorexia have an intrusive object instated in their minds, which may not necessarily be the result of actual intrusions in external reality. In the final part of the paper, the author examines the intrusiveness of anorexic patients in the transference and suggests that such patients very often harbour profound phantasies of intruding between the parents, with a wish to regain their special place with mother, untroubled by the presence of father. It is further suggested that the psychopathology underlying certain cases of anorexia leads to a failure in symbolisation. This failure in turn complicates the clinical picture, making such patients particularly difficult to think with about their difficulties.     

青少年日常情绪调节问卷的编制

旨在编制青少年日常情绪调节问卷,通过增添对日常情绪诱发情境的描述,增强关于对青少年日常情绪调节测量的生态效度,获得更具有现实意义且真实的结果。根据访谈(n=30)获得诱发青少年日常情绪的典型情境,编制了问卷的项目;根据探索性因素分析(n=268)确定的正性情绪调节问卷项目为15个,负性情绪调节问卷项目为20个,皆抽取了四个因素分别命名为"认知重评"、"认知沉浸"、"表达抑制"、"表达宣泄"。经验证性因素分析(n=269)以及信度检验,问卷的各个心理测量学指标均符合要求,表明该结果具有良好的结构效度和内部一致性,可用作青少年日常情绪调节的测量工具。     

WORK ADJUSTMENT AND THE EDUCABLE MENTALLY RETARDED ADOLESCENT

Various attempts to measure the vocational adjustment of educable mentally retarded adolescents are reported. Most of the research conducted was found to be restricted to the identification of problems in job adjustment or the skills and habits which contributed to such adjustment. Most work maladjustments of educable mentally retarded adolescents were, in general, attributed to poor interpersonal skills. Attempts to construct various tests which would measure job success for these adolescents are also reported.     

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL SELF-CONCEPT INVENTORY FOR EARLY ADOLESCENT GIRLS

The Sexual Self-Concept Inventory (SSCI) was developed to assess sexual self-concept in an ethnically diverse sample of urban early adolescent girls. Three scales (Sexual Arousability, Sexual Agency, and Negative Sexual Affect) were shown to be distinct and reliable dimensions of girls' sexual self-concepts. Validity was established through comparisons with established instruments. Sexual Arousability and Sexual Agency were associated with positive sexual self- esteem, positive future orientation toward sex, intentions to engage in intercourse, and lower levels of sexual experience. Negative Sexual Affect was associated with stronger abstinence attitudes and lack of intentions or orientation toward sex in the near future. The results indicate that the SSCI constitutes a valid means of assessing early adolescent girls' views of their sexuality and sexual behavior and may be of use in studies of health and risk-related decision making.     

青少年亲子关系与攻击性行为的关系研究

以670名小学生和初、高中学生为被试,采用问卷法考察青少年攻击性行为的特点,以及亲子关系(亲子依恋、父母教养方式)对于攻击性行为的影响。结果表明:(1)母依恋与父依恋均与攻击性行为及其各个维度有显著的负相关。(2)父母教养方式除了F4(父亲偏爱被试)、M5(母亲偏爱被试)与攻击性行为及其各个维度没有相关外,其他各个维度与攻击性行为及其各个维度均有显著的正相关或负相关。(3)亲子关系对于攻击性行为的预测上,M3(母亲拒绝、否认)、F1(父情感温暖理解)、M2(母过分干涉保护)、M4(母亲惩罚、严厉)这4个维度能预测攻击性行为23%的变异量。     

THE ATTITUDES TOWARD RAPE VICTIMS SCALE

The paper describes the construction of a 25-item Attitudes toward Rape Victims Scale (ARVS) designed to assess favorable and unfavorable attitudes with particular emphasis on victim blame, credibility, deservingness, denigration, and trivialization. Normative data are presented as well as the results of various psychometric analyses based on four independent studies and a variety of samples including university students, doctors, lawyers, social workers, psychologists, and police in Singapore, and university students in the United States. These analyses confirm the ARVS's reliability, validity and cross-cultural suitability. As attitudes to-ward rape victims have been implicated in the quality of victim care in legal, medical, and social spheres, it is proposed that the ARVS provides a valuable tool for applied research in victimology.     

THE INFLUENCE OF AGE AND SOCIAL CLASS ON AUTHORITARIAN FAMILY IDEOLOGY

The Authoritarian Family Ideology Scale (AFI,,) was administered to four hundred and thirty eight mothers towards the end of their confinement. Raw scores were analyzed by means of multiple linear regression. Chrono- logical age and social class scores were found to give substantial accounts of criterion variance. AFI,, scores tended to drop as age and social class rose. Interaction and curvilinearity did not increase R2 values to a substantial degree.