共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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运用问卷调查法探讨了物质主义价值观、金钱态度与薪酬满意度的关系。对329名社会人员(男149,女178)的调查结果表明:(1)物质主义价值观、金钱态度对薪酬满意度具有显著的预测作用;(2)金钱态度在物质主义价值观与薪酬满意度之间起调节作用。 相似文献
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本研究采用分配择偶币的范式考察资源多寡对大学生择偶线索偏好的影响。结果发现:1)择偶资源多寡影响大学生的择偶线索偏好,低资源条件下人们更看重忠贞、健康等“必需品”(necessities),高资源条件下则会增加对创造力等“奢侈品”(luxuries)的考虑。2)择偶线索偏好存在性别差异,当自身资源较少时,女性比男性更看重长期伴侣的社会经济地位,而男性比女性更看重伴侣的忠贞;当自身具备高资源时,性别差异不显著。本研究发现择偶线索中的“奢侈品”和国外研究结果类似,而“必需品”和国外研究差异较大。研究结果表明,择偶线索偏好可能受到进化和社会文化因素的共同影响。 相似文献
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时间与金钱是两种重要的资源类型,人们在绿色消费的过程中不可避免地会受到这两种资源对认知思维和决策行为的影响。然而,目前对于资源类型影响绿色消费行为的具体机制仍不明确。本研究将时间与金钱引发的认知差异引入绿色消费,一方面,基于解释水平理论与人类价值观,分析了时间资源如何促进绿色消费,以及金钱资源如何抑制绿色消费。另一方面,分别从个体、企业以及产品层面出发,结合实验法探究时间与金钱资源影响绿色消费的边界条件,并引入情绪响应水平、环保自我担当以及感知产品有效性作为中介变量,构建资源类型影响绿色消费的理论模型。研究结论将有助于发挥时间与金钱资源在促进绿色消费过程中的积极作用,同时也为企业利用资源线索引导绿色消费提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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亲密关系是社会心理学的重要研究领域,而理想伴侣一直是亲密关系领域的重要研究对象之一.已有研究大多考察人们的理想伴侣绝对偏好,较少涉猎理想伴侣相对偏好问题.本研究通过对664名中美大学生的问卷调查,比较了中美被试在外在特征、兴趣爱好、价值观等方面的理想伴侣相对偏好,以及相应的性别差异和文化差异特征.结果发现:(1)在兴趣爱好、价值观的理想伴侣相对偏好上,中美被试表现出较大相似性;(2)在外在特征、兴趣爱好、价值观的理想伴侣相对偏好上,女性的相对偏好更严苛;(3)与中国被试相比,美国被试的理想伴侣相对偏好性别差异更小.以上结果表明,进化心理和文化演进在不同程度上同时形塑人们的择偶心理. 相似文献
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金钱对幸福感的影响及其心理机制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
传统经济学家认为,更多的收入会导致更高的幸福水平。心理学家在这个问题上则显得谨慎一些,他们从多个方面考察了金钱与幸福感之间的关系,并从中得出了一些引人深思的结论。研究表明,金钱能够通过人格、目标、动机、社会比较、适应与压力等中介变量对幸福感产生影响。未来研究应该在研究对象和方法上加以改进,在心理机制方面进行更深入的探讨。此外,本土化研究在我国有着重要的现实意义,有待于加强 相似文献
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社会排斥的现象在当今社会日益凸显,已成为世界各国探究社会政策和不平等问题的一个重要方向。然而却鲜少有研究从心理机制的角度探讨社会排斥对人们的产品偏好的影响。本文通过1个预实验和4个主实验,系统研究了社会排斥如何影响个体对不同触感产品的偏好,并探讨了其内在影响机制。实验结果发现在经历社会排斥(相较于社会接纳)之后,个体更偏好触感柔软的产品,消极心理体验是其内在驱动机制,并且该作用机制被归属感的重要性所调节。当归属感被认为很重要时,个体在经历社会排斥后对柔软触感产品的偏好以及消极心理体验的中介作用会被强化,而当归属感被认为不重要时,以上效应会被削弱。本文还对研究结论的理论贡献和实践应用进行了深入讨论。 相似文献
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目的:研究不同性别配对与奖励结构对中学生合作行为产生怎样的影响。方法:选择夹豆速度相同的初二学生为研究对象,在不同的性别配对和奖励结构下进行夹豆实验,考察性别配对与奖励结构对中学生合作行为。结果:性别配对对中学生合作行为有显著影响,其中男×男配对组合的合作水平最高,而女×女配对组合的合作水平最低,男×女配对水平居中;另外,针对不同的奖励对象进行实验同样也产生不同的合作水平,奖励个人合作水平较低,奖励组合合作水平较高;在奖励对象为组合时采用不同的计分方式对合作行为也有显著的影响,分别计分合作水平较低,混合计分合作水平较高。结论:应根据初中生的这些特点进行有针对性地引导,促进他们合理的合作和竞争。 相似文献
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Time is a scarce resource, and time‐keeping has become a common part of our lives. This research investigates the impact of exposure to a specific direction of time‐keeping on resource deficiency perception and on compensatory consumption of calories. Results from four studies show that exposure to downward time‐keeping (e.g., 60→1 s), compared to upward time‐keeping (e.g., 1→60 s), results in a higher perceived resource deficiency, leading to a higher preference, consumption, and choice of caloric foods. The effect is attenuated for evaluation of calorie‐lean foods, or by recalling instances of resourcefulness, or when time is not a resource (as in the case of waiting). Related alternate explanations are addressed. This research is the first to identify a novel antecedent of resource deficiency (i.e., time‐keeping direction), and to elicit an unexplored aspect of temporal cognition, that exposure to direction of time‐keeping can influence compensatory consumption in an unrelated domain. These findings contribute to the literature on temporal cognition and resource deficiency and may inspire further research in these domains. 相似文献
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稀缺是由资源的真实缺乏或感知缺乏所引起的个体欲望和需求得不到满足的一种状态。稀缺作为一种普遍存在的现象对个体的情感、认知、以及行为方式产生了重要的影响, 但是不同类型的稀缺(以食物、产品、资金为代表的有形资源稀缺vs.以时间为代表的无形资源稀缺)对个体心理和行为的影响是否存在共性与差异?梳理文献发现, 有形资源稀缺会使个体产生珍惜性行为、补偿性行为和趋近性行为, 而无形资源稀缺只会使个体产生珍惜性和补偿性行为。未来研究应关注稀缺影响个体行为的边界条件, 以及时间稀缺对个体心理和行为的影响。 相似文献
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Yan Zhang Skyler T. Hawk Suzanna J. Opree Dian A. de Vries Susan Branje 《The Journal of psychology》2020,154(5):386-410
AbstractIndividuals with high levels of externally contingent self-worth tend to base their self-esteem on factors such as appearance, competitive success, and others’ approval. Such tendencies might also elevate people’s focus on material possessions. However, cultural moderation of these associations has yet to be explored. A cross-cultural survey among Chinese and Dutch college students examined the link between externally-based contingent self-worth and materialistic values, as well as the mediating roles of need to belong and need for self-enhancement. An initial multi-group path analysis indicated a stronger link between externally contingent self-worth and materialism for Chinese students than for Dutch students. For both Chinese and Dutch students, externally contingent self-worth was positively related to materialistic values, need to belong, and need for self-enhancement. Need to belong and need for self-enhancement were positively linked with materialism, and need to belong and need for self-enhancement mediated the link between externally contingent self-worth and materialism. Though the indirect effect via self-enhancement was somewhat stronger among Chinese participants, this research demonstrates that people’s externally contingent self-worth might be a factor predicting materialism across cultures, with need to belong and need for self-enhancement playing similar roles as underlying processes in different societies. 相似文献
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Noriaki Nemoto 《The Japanese psychological research》2001,43(4):207-217
As the standard of living improves and the number of choices expands, consumer behavior shifts from meeting needs to realizing the specific life values of each consumer. A structural analysis of life values was performed to increase understanding of consumer behavior as a whole, so that effective marketing strategies can be prepared. The structural analysis of life values was conducted by plotting daily activities in an evaluation space, which was defined by "necessity,""attractiveness," and "ease of achievement," and also by factor analysis of these daily activities. Using this method, we measured the structure of the daily activities of Japanese consumers, and then examined the value structure of time-consuming activities, which our research suggests will be considered highly attractive in the future. Based on the results of the surveys, we discuss the development of the market for highly attractive activities and products. However, an improvement in life infrastructure is a prerequisite to realizing a market for highly attractive activities and products. 相似文献
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用两个实验五种作业,探讨内隐时间表征存在的可能性及其特点。结果表明:在表征动量中,(1)无论诱导图形内隐运动方向向左还是向右,测试图形与识记图形之间位置偏移的错误率在与诱导图形内隐运动方向一致的条件下比不一致的条件下大;(2)诱导图形内隐运动的一致性时间顺序消失之后,表征动量不存在;(3)在100ms的时间范围内,识记图形、测试图形之间的保持时距与记忆位置偏移呈线性相关;(4)在水平方向和垂直方向上,客体的概念和背景知识对表征动量无影响,研究结果肯定了表征动量中内隐时间表征的存在并具有方向性、顺序性、连续性和认知不可渗透性的特点。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTStudies of object similarity have focused on the relationship between different physical objects and their mental representations or between instances of the same physical object and its mental representation. The present study is the first to investigate the structure of within-category psychological space. We provided evidence that large objects and frequently mentioned objects are perceived as less similar to each other compared to small objects or less frequently mentioned objects. Further, similarity judgments were higher for manipulable objects compared to non-manipulable objects. The relevance of these data to the isomorphism between physical and psychological spaces is also discussed. 相似文献
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采用2×2×2混合实验设计,使用具体和抽象两种不同性质的图形材料对动态和静态两种条件下内隐时间的存在及其特征进行了考察,结果表明:(1)动态条件下被试对抽象图形的位置偏移判断更为准确;(2)测试图形与识记图形之间位置偏移判断的错误率在测试图形与诱导图形内隐运动方向一致的条件下比不一致条件下大;(3)无论实验材料为具体图形还是抽象图形,被试对测试图形和识记图形的位置偏移判断错误率之间不存在差异。研究结果证明了内隐时间的存在,进一步探明了内隐时间具有方向性和认知不可渗透性的特点,并证明了运动范式为研究内隐时间及其特点的有效方法。 相似文献
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JoNell Strough Leo Schlosnagle Tara Karns Philip Lemaster Nipat Pichayayothin 《决策行为杂志》2014,27(1):78-94
In three studies, we examined the influence of restricted and expansive temporal horizons on the sunk‐cost fallacy. The sunk‐cost fallacy occurs when prior investments instead of future returns influence decisions about future investments. When making decisions about future investments, rational decision makers base decisions on future consequences, not already‐invested costs that are “sunk” and cannot be recovered. In Study 1, we restricted young adult college students' temporal horizons by instructing them to imagine that they did not have much longer to live; this manipulation decreased the sunk‐cost fallacy. In Study 2, we replicated Study 1 and also found that the consequences of manipulating temporal horizons were most pronounced for prior investments of time and that prior investments of time and money had different implications for the sunk‐cost fallacy, depending on the social or nonsocial decision domain. In Study 3, we manipulated temporal horizons by instructing students to imagine their time as a college student was coming to an end. Results were mostly similar to Study 2 but also suggested that focusing on one's mortality may have unique consequences. Implications of the three studies for understanding age differences in sunk‐cost decisions, interventions to improve sunk‐cost decisions, and the situations in which interventions might be most needed are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献