周易人格模型与麦氏人格模型的比较

该文介绍了基于中国传统文化建立起来的本土化人格类型理论———周易人格模型;分析了该模型与麦氏人格模型在理论建构的指导思想、人格要素、人格类型的测定方法以及人格模型的演变规则等方面的区别和联系;指出了两者在方法上同源同根,在内容上各有特色。     

圣吉学习型组织理论的内涵及其思考

圣吉的学习型组织理论在我国受到了很大关注,建立学习型组织成为很多组织的目标,但很多社会组织对学习型组织理论和建立学习型组织的认识上存在很多问题和误区。学习型组织理论的实质是要通过学习建立起某种思维方式,而远远不仅仅是通过学习来获取知识和信息。建立学习型组织要深入领会学习型组织的内涵。本文介绍了圣吉的学习型组织理论的主要内容,分析了它的内涵、实质、缺陷,并对建立学习型组织提供了建议。     

对学习策略的认识

如何提高学生的学习质量是近半个世纪来教育教学改革热潮的焦点之一。本文介绍了什么是学习策略及其研究的理论意义,并对影响学习策略的因素作了分析。最后文章对如何指导学习策略提出了几点看法。     

学习能力倾向测验的现状与思考

本文介绍了学习能力倾向测验的历史和发展现状,包括学习能力倾向测验的起源、编制特点、应用价值,并对几个相关问题进行了讨论。     

自我调节学习理论的研究综述

1　引言　　自二十世纪 80年代以来 ,自我调节学习 (Self RegulatedLearning)已经成为西方教育心理学、学习心理学研究领域中的一个热点问题 ,也是社会认知理论中的一个主要亮点。自我调节学习不仅仅表现为学习者学习过程中的具体行为策略 ,稳定的自我调节系统也成为学习者本人的一种优秀个性品质 ,构成其人格的核心。本文将对国内外有关自我调节学习理论的研究内容进行介绍 ,为我们深入研究自我调节学习理论提供方法和借鉴。2　自我调节学习理论的产生　　自我调节学习理论的提出主要来自于对美国三次教育改革运动的反思。第一次教育改革…     

职务绩效评估的因果模型

职务绩效评估是人力资源管理中的一个关键问题。本文着重介绍了几种有关职务绩效评估的因果模型 ,揭示了这些模型的演变过程及其背后的理论变化。同时也指出了以往研究在理论、方法和研究范围上的一些不足 ,并对今后的研究提出了建议。     

动机归因理论在成人学习中的应用

随着我国终身教育和学习化社会进程的推进,成人学习者的继续学习对社会发展具有重要意义。但由于在实际学习过程中存在着不可避免的学习障碍,成人学习者在遇到学习困难时的归因倾向直接影响他们的学习动机和学习效率。本文以韦纳的动机归因理论为基础,将着重阐述成人学习动机特点、成人学习动机归因中的现状及问题,并从成人教育者出发提出促进成人学习者恰当归因的建议,从而促进他们学习动机的增强。     

国外关于儿童学习研究的新进展

儿童学习是发展心理学研究领域中的一个重要课题。20世纪90年代以来,国外在儿童学习的研究上取得了一系列理论和方法的进步。章对之进行简要回顾,重点阐述有关儿童学习的重波理论、微发生方法,并在此基础上,简要介绍研究们所取得的几个较为一致的结论。     

概率逻辑与模糊逻辑在精细化学习诊断中的对比研究

精细化学习诊断有助于客观准确探究学生学习现状,为实施有针对性的补救教学提供理论和数据支持。本文对比研究概率逻辑与模糊逻辑在精细化学习诊断中的表现。首先,从“概念”视角介绍和对比两种逻辑。其次,介绍两个分别基于上述两逻辑的代表性模型：HO-PINC和Fuzzy-DINA。然后,对比两模型在五个实证数据上表现。最后,通过模拟研究进一步对比两模型的心理计量学性能。DIC等模型-数据拟合指标和RMSE等参数返真性指标的结果表明两模型对同一批数据有较一致的分析结果。建议实践者忽略模型选择对数据分析的影响,从概念或思辨视角入手选择使用概率逻辑或模糊逻辑来定义属性。     

情景教学法在中学英语教学中的运用

英语情景教育就是把“快乐学英语”的理念融入到英语教学中,让学生不知不觉地置身于英语的环境中,感觉到学习英语的乐趣。对于把英语当作第二语言学习的中国学生来说,要培养“用英语交流信息的能力”,主要问题是缺乏语言环境。解决这个问题的关键是课堂教学。因此,我们要尽力为学生营造一个融视、听、说于一体的语言环境,而营造这个环境的有效教学手段就是情景教学。那么在具体的教学中如何创设情境进行情境教学呢？本文结合个人的教学经验,在此谈谈自己的几点建议。     

Myers‐Briggs typology and Jungian individuation

Myers‐Briggs typology is widely seen as equivalent to and representative of Jungian theory by the users of the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and similar questionnaires. However, the omission of the transcendent function from the theory, and the use of typological functions as its foundation, has resulted in an inadvertent reframing of the process of individuation. This is despite some attempts to integrate individuation and typology, and reintroduce the transcendent function into Myers‐Briggs theory. This paper examines the differing views of individuation in Myers‐Briggs and Jungian theory, and some of the challenges of reconciling those differences, particularly in the context of normality. It proposes eight principles, drawn mainly from Jungian and classical post‐Jungian work, that show how individuation as a process can be integrated with contemporary Myers‐Briggs typology. These principles show individuation as being a natural process that can be encouraged outside of the analytic process. They make use of a wide range of opposites as well as typological functions, whilst being centred on the transcendent function. Central to the process is the alchemical image of the caduceus and a practical interpretation of the axiom of Maria, both of which Jung used to illustrate the process of individuation.     

Counselor Cognitive Complexity: Correlating and Comparing the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator With the Role Category Questionnaire

This study examined personality types and cognitive complexity levels in counseling trainees. Data from graduate‐level counseling students were collected (N = 74). Cognitive complexity levels were measured using the Role Category Questionnaire (RCQ) and personality types were measured using the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator. Results showed that perceiving types tended to perform better on the RCQ than judging types, and that those who were highly differentiated in all preferences overall tended to score higher on the RCQ. These findings have implications for employment and career counselors and their clients who are, or aspire to be, in the helping profession.     

Using the myers‐briggs type indicator® in career counseling

The Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI®; I. B. Myers & K. C. Briggs, 1943/1976) is a personality instrument with numerous applications. The focus of this article is on its utilization in the career counseling process. Although limitations of the instrument exist and ethical issues regarding its usage have been itemized, information gained from clients' MBTI® assessments have been proved to be useful to professionals in counseling and strategizing with clients about clients' psychological preferences, optimal career families, and potential employment opportunities.     

MBTI人格类型量表:新近发展及应用

MBTI是Katherine Briggs与Isabel Myers共同研制出的一种人格类型评估工具.近些年来,伴随其理论的演进,MBTI量表本身也经历了三个阶段的发展.通过系统梳理MBTI的发展历程并总结相关应用研究的主要结论,发现:该量表的内在发展脉络是“从类型间差异评估,到类型内差异评估,直至个体差异评估”.而未来研究应注重:调查我国职业基础人群MBTI人格类型,建立数据库;深化MBTI量表研究;开展MBTI跟踪研究及跨文化研究;深入并拓展MBTI人格类型的应用研究领域.     

Personality and the use of intuition: individual differences in strategy and performance on an implicit learning task

There is a divergence of opinion regarding the existence of individual differences in the use of intuition, ranging from intuition being the preserve of a creative minority to intuition as a basic cognitive process that is equally accessible to all. The existence and nature of individual differences in the use of intuition were explored by studying relationships between the sensing–intuition scale of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator and strategy and performance on an implicit learning task. Results indicated differences in strategy and performance in implicit learning between sensing and intuitive types. Intuitive types were more likely to report a strategy of using intuition; sensing types were more likely to use explicit knowledge. In addition, intuitive types were more accurate than sensing types in their intuition. Thus, the position that there are individual differences in the use of intuition has been supported. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Psychological type preferences of Roman Catholic priests in the United Kingdom

This study explores the psychological type profile of Roman Catholic priests. A sample of 79 priests completed the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (Form G). The study shows that Roman Catholic priests tend to prefer introversion over extraversion, feeling over thinking and judging over perceiving. Near equal preferences are shown for sensing and intuition. The type preferences of Roman Catholic priests in the UK are compared and contrasted with the type preferences of Roman Catholic priests in the USA and Protestant clergy in the UK. These findings are explored within the context of the role of the priest within the Roman Catholic Church.     

Psychological type preferences of female Bible College students in England

A sample of 122 female students attending a Pentecostal Bible College in England completed Form G (Anglicised) of the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The data demonstrated preferences for extraversion over introversion, for sensing over intuition, for feeling over thinking, and for judging over perceiving. The predominant type was ISFJ (16%), followed by ESFJ (12%). Comparison with the population norms demonstrated an over‐representation of intuitives among this sample of Bible College students.     

The five functions of psychological type

From the mid‐1930s to the end of his life, Jung complained that most readers misunderstood the main point of his book Psychological Types. He viewed being a type as one‐sided and problematic for a variety of reasons. His symbol‐based solution to the ‘type problem’ involved developing a transcendent function to become the new dominant function of consciousness. However, this function has not featured in the popular use of his typology and Isabel Briggs Myers believed that the one‐sidedness of Jung's eight types could be balanced by the auxiliary function. This has led to the transcendent function being widely ignored, and to a developmental philosophy that encourages a degree of one‐sidedness. This divergence of popular type theory and analytical psychology is the result of various factors, such as Jung describing typology as containing four functions, and a letter in 1950 where Jung apparently supported Myers’ version of type theory. This hinders the application of analytical psychology to normal psychology, and particularly individual and cultural development. If we refer to Jung's typology as containing five functions not four, this more accurately represents both the content of the book Psychological Types and the primary value Jung saw in typology.     

Psychological type of American Evangelical missionary candidates

Sending missionaries into the field requires an enormous up-front investment on the part of the candidate as well as the sending organisation. An effective candidate selection process can limit the significant financial and emotional effects of a bad fit for a field placement. The present study seeks to analyse the typology of missionary candidates, using the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). A sample of 475 American Evangelical missionary candidates took the MBTI as part of their candidacy process. Results indicate that there were significant differences on 12 of the 16 MBTI typologies of the missionary candidates compared to the national representative sample. The ENFJ (14.1%) and ENFP (14.1%) typologies were significantly overrepresented in the sample. The personality types most underrepresented were ISTP (1.1%) and ISFP (1.7%). Comparisons with similar religious populations are discussed. Implications for how missionary candidates may adjust to field work based on type are considered.