The Effect of Defense Spending on Subjective Well-Being: Cross-Country Evidence

Applied Research in Quality of Life - This study examines the effect of defense spending on individual Subjective Well-Being (SWB). While other types of public spending have been examined for their...     

Correction to: The Effect of Defense Spending on Subjective Well-Being: Cross-Country Evidence

Applied Research in Quality of Life -     

Justifications of Aggressive Behavior in Contact and Semicontact Sports

The present study examines the extent to which athletes in selected contact and semicontact sports report agreement or disagreement with the use of intentional acts of aggression during competition. Eighty-five male athletes responded to the Bredemeier Athietic Aggression Inventory-Short Form and the Mintah Huddleston Aggression Justification Inventory. Overall results revealed no significant differences between subjects' use of hostile and instrumental aggression in sport and between the hostile and instrumental justifications provided for such behavior. Results indicated that contact-sport participants disagree more with the use of instrumental aggression than semicontact-sport participants.     

On the Evolutionary Defense of Scientific Antirealism

Van Fraassen (The scientific image, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1980) claims that successful theories exist today because successful theories survive and unsuccessful ones die. Wray (Erkenntnis 67:81–89, 2007; Erkenntnis 72:365–377, 2010) appeals to Stanford’s new pessimistic induction (Exceeding our grasp: science, history, and the problem of unconceived alternatives, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006), arguing that van Fraassen’s selectionist explanation is better than the realist explanation that successful theories exist because they are approximately true. I argue that if the pessimistic induction is correct, then the evolutionary explanation is neither true nor empirically adequate, and that realism is better than selectionism because realism explains more phenomena in science than selectionism.     

Categorical and Agent-neutral Reasons in Kantian Justifications of Morality

The dispute between Kantians and Humeans over whether practical reason can justify moral reasons for all agents is often characterized as a debate over whether reasons are hypothetical or categorical. Instead, this debate must be understood in terms of the distinction between agent-neutral and agent-relative reasons. This paper considers Alan Gewirth’s Reason and Morality as a case study of a Kantian justification of morality focused on deriving categorical reasons from hypothetical reasons. The case study demonstrates first, the possibility of categorical agent-relative reasons, and second, that inattention to this possibility has caused considerable confusion in the debate between Kantians and Humeans.

论国防设计委员会

南京国民政府于“九一八”事变后设立的国防设计委员会,组织了一批国内著名的专家学者,针对日本的侵略威胁,重点在国防经济方面进行了一系列的前期准备工作。其工作的重点在于对中国的资源、工业制造、交通运输、财政经济等方面进行深入的调查和统计,并在此基础上,制定一系列建设及战时动员计划。虽然国防设计委员会还没有实际的权力,只是政府国防建设的一个咨询机构,但其为中国的抗战准备做出了贡献,为战时的国防工业建设,做了大量且必要的前期准备工作。     

幽默在语言应激中的防御功能

语言应激是现代人类生活中不可回避的问题,幽默则是一种积极成熟的心理防御机制.对语言应激及其消极影响、幽默在语言应激中的防御功能加以论述,并指出幽默修养在现代生活中重要意义.     

论医院经济效益

医院增加医药收入是天经地义的,但不能在病人身上创造经济效益。通过对当前问题的剖析,提出在当前群众看病难的社会环境下,提高医院经济效益,兼顾病人利益的政策性建议。     

Labour-Based Justifications of Intellectual Property and the Problem of Disruptive Innovations

Justifying intellectual property on the basis of labour is an understandably popular strategy, but there is a tension in basing some intellectual property claims on labour that has gone largely unnoticed in treatments of the subject: many forms of innovation cause people to lose their jobs, which seriously hampers the ability of those who lose work to productively use their own labour. This article shows that even under Lockean and other labour-based justifications of intellectual property rights those who claim property rights to innovations of this type have special obligations to compensate those who lose work because of their inventions. By examining the problem that such innovations create, I hope to contribute to larger debates about automation and the job losses it often brings. Lockean and other labour-based theories of intellectual property are generally taken to secure strong, noninstrumental rights to intellectual property if they are successful. So, if even these theories imply that those who profit from the innovations driving automation have special obligations to those left jobless by it, that is strong evidence that they do in fact have such obligations.     

论医院经济效益

医院增加医药收入是天经地义的,但不能在病人身上创造经济效益.通过对当前问题的剖析,提出在当前群众看病难的社会环境下,提高医院经济效益,兼顾病人利益的政策性建议.     

经济平等的三重维度

我们可从权利平等、机会平等、结果平等三个维度来具体分析经济关系中的平等问题。经济关系中的平等问题需要在发挥市场的基础作用和国家的积极干预之间才可能找到解决问题的最佳途径。     

管子经济思想散论

管仲的经济思想主要体现在《管子》中的《轻重》诸篇中。管予经济思想的特点是：重视人民普遍的生活需求,把国库存在的意义与人民的生活需求联系在一起考虑,对于暴富现象,他们认为是造成贫富不均的因素,国家的作用是要限制暴富,均衡人民的生活水平,这些都与现代西方的经济观点接近。     

On Targeting Emotion Regulation Deficits in Eating Disorders through Defense Analysis

ABSTRACT

Psychodynamic approaches to the treatment of individuals with eating disorders are underrepresented in research and in academia. This will increasingly deprive patients of a viable therapeutic alternate to the dominant behavioral family-based models. As psychodynamic approaches may have unique benefits, there is value in resolving this loss. Recent models of dynamic therapies for eating disorders within modern, empirically derived theory show promise for future psychodynamic viability. An attachment-focused approach targeting disordered attachment patterns that are common in individuals with eating disorders has recently been introduced. To complement this model, this article proposes an approach for individuals with eating disorders that is hypothesized to target emotion regulation deficits that are also commonly found in individuals with eating disorders. Observed parallels between the implicit branch of the emotion regulation system and that of contemporary constructs of defense mechanisms guide this proposal. Developmental considerations reveal important connections between this biologically based model and a two-person model based in attachment theory. In this way, this proposal offers a flexible psychodynamic approach that integrates with the existing literature. Further development of this approach could one day help patients to have a greater range of therapeutic options for recovery from eating disorders.     

论经济伦理的非经济功能

经济伦理的非经济功能主要表现在对同属于"伦理"门下的其他伦理的引导、冲击或诱变。其具体表现是:引发宗教伦理的变化;对政治伦理的建构产生基础性的推进作用;对社会伦理变迁的诱致作用。深刻认识经济伦理的非经济功能,将会获得如下启示:要认识和肯定经济伦理的非经济功能;要顺应和契合经济伦理的非经济功能;要不断完善经济伦理所植根的社会经济制度与政治制度,利用优良的制度安排和制度创新引领和束导经济伦理发挥正确的非经济功能。