Expressivism,meaning, and all that

Abstract

It has recently been suggested that meta-normative expressivism is best seen as a meta-semantic, rather than a semantic view. One strong motivation for this is that expressivism becomes, thereby, compatible with truth-conditional semantics. While this approach is promising, however, many of its details are still unexplored. One issue that still needs to be explored in particular, is what accounts of propositional contents are open to meta-semantic expressivists. This paper makes progress on this issue by developing an expressivist-friendly deflationary account of such contents.     

Boolean negation and all that

Conclusion We have seen that proofs of soundness of (Boolean) DS, EFQ and of ABS — and hence the legitimation of these inferences — can be achieved only be appealing to the very form of reasoning in question. But this by no means implies that we have to fall back on classical reasoning willy-nilly. Many logical theories can provide the relevant boot-strapping. Decision between them has, therefore, to be made on other grounds. The grounds include the many criteria familiar from the philosophy of science: theoretical integrity (e.g., paucity of ad hoc hypotheses), adequacy to the data (explaining the data of inference —all inferences, not just those chosen from consistent domains!) and so on. This paper has not attempted to address these issues in general. All it demonstrates is that the charge that a dialetheist solution to the semantic paradoxes can be maintained only by making some intelligible notion ineffable cannot be made to stick. The dialetheist has a coherent position, endorsing the T-scheme, but rejecting DS, EFQ (even Boolean DS and EFQ) and ABS. And any argument to the effect that the relevant notions are both ineffable and intelligible begs the question. The case against consistent solutions to the semantic paradoxes therefore remains intact.     

Morality,Perspective, and Fantasy: A Comment on Sarah Buss

A response to Sarah Buss's article, ‘Some Musings about the Limits of an Ethics that Can Be Applied,’ focusing on issues connected with Buss’s claims about human insignificance, and the indifference to self that the recognition of insignificance allegedly engenders.     

I am ... , I have ... , I suffer from ... : A Linguist Reflects on the Language of Illness and Disease

Part personal documentary, part exercise in medical semantics, this essay brings the analytical tools of a linguist and the human perspective of a patient receiving treatment in the American health care system to bear on the language we use—for the most part unconsciously—to talk about illness and disease. Topics to be explored include linguistic ramifications of the illness/disease distinction; referring expressions for health disorders; the “linguistic construction” of disease (what's in a name?); the “translation” of biomedical information from the specialists' dialect into everyday idiom; and the metaphoric/symbolic dimension of body-parts and their afflictions.     

Objectifying Sarah Palin: Evidence that objectification causes women to be perceived as less competent and less fully human

Although a great deal of research has examined the effects of objectification on women’s self-perceptions and behavior, empirical research has yet to address how objectifying a woman affects the way she is perceived by others. We hypothesize that focusing on a woman’s appearance will promote reduced perceptions of competence, and also, by virtue of construing the women as an “object”, perceptions of the woman as less human. We found initial experimental evidence for these hypotheses as a function of objectifying two targets - Sarah Palin and Angelina Jolie. In addition, focusing on Palin’s appearance reduced intentions to vote for the McCain-Palin ticket (prior to the 2008 US Presidential election). We discuss these findings in the context of the election and the objectification of women.     

Originality,Dread, and Object Usage: Commentary on Papers by Sarah Mendelsohn and Deborah Dowd

Both Deborah Dowd and Sarah Mendelsohn capture the fraught experience of staying near a patient’s dread. I discuss dread as an engagement with unrepresented trauma. With each case I interpret a critical clinical moment as an instance of Winnicott’s object usage, by which the patient leaves omnipotence and finds externality. I introduce a crucial meaning of object usage that I find only implicit in Winnicott’s text: Not only must the analyst survive the patient’s destructiveness, but the analyst also must be disrupted by the patient’s unrepresented trauma. Their patients’ experience of this disruption positions each of these analysts as an other who can be used.     

Mirror,mirror on the wall,tell me that I have succeeded at it all: Self-esteem and the defensive mechanisms against failure

Social Psychology of Education - Students face frequent formal and informal tests, both in the academic context and social life. On each of these occasions, they risk falling short of their own or...     

A follow-up of families disputing child custody/access: Assessment,settlement, and family relationship outcomes

In this pilot study, 49 parents who had been involved in a custody and/or access assessment several years previously responded to a structured telephone survey. Information about eventual settlement processes, custody and access arrangements, satisfaction with the clinical assessment, children's adjustment, family relationships, and ongoing family problems was gathered an average of two and one half years after the assessment. Sole custody arrangements evidenced the greatest degree of stability from assessment to follow-up, while joint custody arrangements were more unstable. Visitation was not occurring for a substantial number of children (35%) at follow-up, even when it was recommended on a regular and frequent basis. Although parents reported little or no ongoing contact with their ex-spouse, they also reported continuing concerns and new problems with respect to the other parent or their children. The impact of this form of “parallel parenting” is discussed within the context of high-conflict, multiproblem families.