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根据儿童绘画发展理论,通过对160名3.2~14岁自闭症谱系障碍儿童的“自由画”、“绘人”和“家庭成员画”的赋值编码以及与普通儿童绘画的对比,从量与质的角度,分析和探索了绘画在区分自闭症谱系障碍儿童功能的可行性。 相似文献
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西方儿童绘画与认知发展关系研究的进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
0引言儿童绘画有着独特的特点,是儿童表达情绪、情感和对事物的理解的一种方式,它反映着儿童对周围世界的认识程度,是研究儿童认知发展的一个很好的工具。儿童在画画时,采用与成人绘画不同的表征策略。绘画表征策略的发展反映出认知发展的过程。西方发展心理学家在儿童绘画与认知发展的关系方面做了一些工作,发表了大量的研究报告。但是在国内这方面的探讨还比较少。本文介绍的是国外这一领域的一些研究结果和研究动态与趋势。1儿童画所表现的是什么?儿童画画的是什么,这是儿童绘画认知发展研究的一个中心问题。Piaget[1]… 相似文献
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与Brenmer等(1997)的实验对照,对4~7岁的儿童考察观察角度的变化方式、模型状态、年龄等与其绘画简单深度关系中视觉写实水平的关系。实验结果表明:年龄是影响儿童绘画简单深度关系中视觉写实水平的重要因素;观察角度变化的两种方式在6~7岁组有显著差异;模型状态对不同性别儿童的绘画成绩影响显著。 相似文献
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作者曾在1988年《心理科学通讯》第3期上发表“对三至六岁幼儿绘画中空间概念基线问题的探讨”一文。现在这篇文章进一步肯定了前文得到的初步结论,同时论证了儿童绘画中空间概念基线发展的具体过程。 相似文献
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本研究考察了5-6岁儿童不同认知方式对部分遮挡绘画任务的影响。实验设定不同形式的误导情境,共有两部分组成。研究结果表明:1儿童绘画表征水平的发展存在个别差异。 相似文献
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儿童绘画是儿童内心的情感表现,同时也反映了儿童对世界,对生活的认识与感受。现如今很多教师在评价儿童画的过程中依旧注重作品的本身,而忽略了儿童自身的发展。通过结合相关的教学实例,具体阐述了情感性评价在儿童绘画教学过程中的作用,希望能促进儿童绘画教学质量的提升,增强儿童在绘画中的情感体验。 相似文献
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4~7岁儿童绘画摹写的语义编码特点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以二维模型为主对儿童绘画编码特点及发展进程的探讨。研究对象为4—7岁儿童,按年龄分为4组,共163人。主要实验有二:一是选择同一实物的三维和二维两类模型让被试摹写;二是选择语义熟悉程度和语义多寡不同的二维模型让被试摹写。个别实验,实验顺序随机安排。研究结果表明:儿童对维度不同的模型绘画编码具有共同的特点,表现出三种编码形式:其一,将模型的各构件分离,各自独立编码;其二,依模型的典型特征编码;其三,按各模型真实形象编码。儿童对不同维度模型绘画编码发展的进程不同。对二维模型绘画编码水平和发展速度比三维模型提早1年。模型语义的多寡及熟悉程度影响儿童二维模型绘画编码。 相似文献
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The present study explored the relationship between South African preschool children's intelligence scores achieved on the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test (GHD), and the accuracy of teachers' ratings of the human-figure drawings and teachers' general perceptions of children's intellectual maturity. The GHD was administered individually to 30 boys and 30 girls between the ages of 4 and 6 years (M = 4.5. SD = 0.7) from a multicultural (Black, Colored, and White) preschool near the Cape, South Africa. The three class teachers of these preschoolers provided the ratings and perceptions of each child's intellectual maturity. Results indicated that the teachers' assessments of children's intellectual maturity were fairly similar to the formal measures of children's intellectual maturity using human figure drawings and their own perceptions. It appears that teacher ratings of drawings could be relied upon as a means of assessment. General perceptions of children's intellectual maturity should not be solely relied upon, but instead these perceptions should be used as an aid for enhancing the teachers' assessment of children's intellectual maturity in addition to the rating of human figure drawings. 相似文献
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This study explored children's use of external representations. Experiment 1 focused on representations of self: Self-recognition was assessed by a mark test as a function of age (3 vs. 4 years), delay (5 s vs. 3 min), and media (photographs vs. drawings). Four-year-olds outperformed 3-year-olds; children performed better with photographs than drawings; and there was no effect of delay. In Experiment 2, 3- and 4-year-olds used a delayed video image to locate a sticker on themselves (self task) or a stuffed animal (other task). The 2 tasks were positively correlated with age and vocabulary partialed out. Experiment 3 used a search task to assess whether children have particular difficulty using external representations that conflict with their expectations: 3- and 4-year-olds were informed of an object's location verbally or through video: on half of the trials, this information conflicted with children's initial belief. Three-year-olds performed worse than 4-year-olds on conflict trials, indicating that assessments of self and other understanding may reflect children's ability to reason about conflicting external representations. 相似文献
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Cognitive theories of depression emphasise a vicious circle linking depressed mood and biased recall towards negative information. In line with this, depressed adults show selectively enhanced recall for negative information. This recall bias is held to be mediated by increased accessibility of negative self-referent schemas formed as a result of adverse early experiences. Given this, surprisingly few studies have examined depression-related recall biases from a developmental perspective. Clinically depressed children have been found to show enhanced recall of negative adjectives, particularly when self-referent, but to date there is no evidence for similar recall biases in non-clinically depressed groups. The current study addressed this by investigating high and low non-clinically depressed children's (aged 5-11 years) recall of emotional stories. High depressed children showed enhanced recall of negative stories, relative to positive stories, compared to the low depressed group. This did not vary with age group. We conclude that, when child-oriented materials are used, depression-related biases in recall towards negative information are observable even in a non-clinical sample of children from 5 years of age. 相似文献