Einsatz von Bupropion bei älteren Patienten

Die chronische bipolare Depression bei ?lteren Menschen ist eine klinische Herausforderung und erfordert unter Umst?nden, wie der vorliegende Fallbericht zeigt, Behandlungswege, die von Leitlinien nicht unbedingt abgedeckt werden.     

Qualitätssicherung bei der betreuungsrechtlichen Begutachtung

Quality assurance in the field of medico-legal assessment for civil courts has not developed as far as in other legal fields, especially in criminal law. This also applies to assessments in cases of guardianship and custody even though assessments for these cases are much more frequent than in other areas of law. Efforts to achieve quality assurance should rely on quality standards which have been developed both in criminal law and in social law. A large proportion of these standards are suitable for all expert assessments. In addition to the specific statutory requirements in the law on the procedure in family cases and in matters of voluntary jurisdiction (FamFG), the specifications of the particular jurisdiction and especially the needs of those assessed and the courts concerned with them have to be observed. Building on the already published proposals this article attempts to systematize procedures, drafting of the assessment and the written report so that the quality of the work of the expert can be checked by those concerned.     

Über die Abhängigkeit der Bewegungen von optischen Vorgängen. Bewegungsstörungen bei Seelenblinden

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Zur Problematik der Suchtgefährdung von berufstätigen Medizinern

Two samples of working physicians have been compared in a cross-sectional study – one representative sample of addicted physicians with a substance abuse problem (n=142) and one representative sample (n=275) of physicians in general; the objective was to develop preventive strategies. As a measuring instrument a specific questionnaire on quality of life of physicians (Reimer and Jurkat) has been used. Generally, quality of life is lower in the substance abuse sample in comparison to the control group. It can be concluded that the variables concerning the areas life satisfaction/-dissatisfaction and health differentiate even more between the groups than the areas work satisfaction/-dissatisfaction and choice of occupation. Whereas quality of life of female physicians was on the average somewhat higher than that of their male colleagues in the control group, this could not be confirmed in the sample of impaired physicians. Especially the ability to relax seems to be essential as a preventive measure, and apparently it is of high importance for working physicians to care for an adequate and satisfying private life to balance their stressful working life.     

Versuche über die Grundlagen der räumlichen Orientierung bei der säugenden Ratte

Ohne ZusammenfassungDie Arbeit wurde in kürzerer Fassung am XVI. Internationalen Kongreß für Psychologie in Bonn 1960 unter dem Titel Räumliche Orientierung der gejungten Ratte vorgetragen.     

Zur Häufigkeit der Schuldfähigkeitsbegutachtung von Sexualstraftätern im Erkenntnisverfahren

This study investigated how often and depending on which factors sexual offenders are examined by mental health experts regarding their criminal responsibility. Out of a total of 306 legal charges against sex offenders accused of child sexual abuse (CSA: n?=?145), rape or sexual assault (n?=?89), exhibitionism (n?=?39), sexual abuse of adolescents, mentally defective, physically helpless or warded persons (n?=?18) that were admitted by a criminal court in 2001 in the German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein, 209 (95.6 %) were analyzed regarding the following questions: how often was the accused examined by a mental health professional regarding mental responsibility? Was the chance of being examined systematically related to certain factors (e.g., personality of the accused)? Expert advice regarding the mental responsibility of the accused was obtained by the court in only 34 cases (11.7 %). No systematic relationships of personal variables as well as the modus operandi and the chance of commissioning a mental health expert were found. The main reason for assigning a forensic expert opinion was the vague impression of a psychic disorder. Re-offending increased the rate of a mental health examination only in CSA (34.6 % of re-offenders were examined compared to 9.2 % of first-time offenders), but not in rape or sexual assault. Also age does not predict the commissioning of an expert opinion. Only one fifth of all accused below the age of 21 were investigated by a mental health professional. Results are discussed in terms of legal background, consequences for risk assessment and relapse prevention.     

„Neglekt“ bei der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-und-Hyperaktivitäts-Störung

They say he is an attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) child. He cannot engage in anything and cannot even play as normal. At home fierce and very loud power struggles are frequent. He has no friends, mostly he is sitting alone before his computer and he has no other interests. He suffers from sleep disturbances, he sleeps only with the light on, he comes often into the bed of the parents, where he makes a fuss. What does this child have? Is he only ill-bred? Is he anxious – at school or at home? Does he suffer from separation? Or is it a matter of a genetic development problem? The strange phenomenon of “neglect” is traced here in connection with the diagnosis of an ADHD. Lopsided considerations are implicitly connected with this disorder and entice to neglect the developmental disorder in its real cognitive and somatic complexity. In a critical review of biomedical and psychodynamical models, it becomes apparent that newer concepts and results in research are, beside further illuminating this disorder, also helpful for the therapy of these children. Finally, a detailed discussion of the specificities of a psychodynamic developmental therapy follows.     

Einschränkungen der Willensfreiheit bei somatoformen Störungen

Etiopathogenetic models of somatoform disorders and philosophical concepts of free will refer to theories of affect processing: affective dysregulation can promote psychosomatic ailments as well as problems in decision making. This observation brings forth the question if freedom of will is impaired in persons with somatoform disorders. By compiling, analyzing and contextualizing relevant models of current neuroscience, psychosomatic medicine and philosophy the psychodynamic construct of alexithymia as an etiologic factor of somatoform disorders and the conceptual integration of affective factors in a model of free will are developed on the basis of a common concept of affect. The synthesis of the discussed results and considerations, the multidimensional impairment of the ability to decide freely and self-determinedly due to somatoform disorders, is critically reflected; however, a blanket assumption is not admissible.     

Eine informationstheoretische Methode zur Bestimmung der ästhetischen Wirkung von Flächenmustern

Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit entwickeln wir eine Form der informationsanalytischen Charakterisierung von Flächenmustern, welche es ermöglicht, schön wirkende von häßlich wirkenden Mustern zu trennen. Wir betrachten ein Flächenmuster als eine Menge von Rasterpunkten. Jeder Rasterpunkt kann hinsichtlich der drei Variablen horizontale Lage, vertikale Lage und Farbton kategorisiert werden. Wir charakterisieren durch eine multivariate Informationsanalyse die statistischen Beziehungen zwischen den genannten Variablen mit zwei Kennwerten. Diese Kennwerte sind die Interaktion zwischen den drei Variablen und ein Balancekoeffizient für die Variablen horizontale und vertikale Lage. Hinsichtlich dieser beiden Kennwerte unterscheiden sich Muster, die von Vpn als schön empfunden werden von solchen, die als häßlich empfunden werden. Schöne Muster haben signifikant höhere Interaktionen und signifikant niedrigere Balancekoeffizienten als häßliche. Hinsichtlich beider Parameter streuen schöne Muster signifikant weniger als häßliche.

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An information analytic method to estimate the esthetical effect of pictures

Summary In this paper we show, that multivariate information analysis can be used to separate pictures regarded as nice from pictures regarded as ugly. A picture may be considered as a set of pictureelements. Each pictureelement can be classified with regard to three variables, namely vertical position, horizontal position and colour tone. We characterize the statistical relations between these variables by multivariate information analysis which results in two parameters. These parameters are the interaction between the variables and a balance coefficient for the variables vertical- und horizontal-position. In respect of these parameters pictures, which are regarded as nice by human subjects are separable from ugly pictures. Nice pictures show significantly higher interactions and lower balance coefficients than ugly ones. The dispersion of interactions and balance coefficients is lower at nice pictures.