Late capitalism and postmodernism: Educational problems and possibilities

This work analyzes certain aspects of postmodernist thought in terms of the challenges it presents to the secular, radical democratic project to which the author subscribes. It is argued that much of postmodernist thought has been effective in attacking foundationalism, as well as supporting marginalized persons and ideas, but holds little promise with regard to building an integrative democratic community. Postmodernist radicalism has not usually been directed against capitalist power; therefore, it is not clear how this form of radicalism can be useful to a project that is predicated upon the incompatibilities between capitalism and bona fide democracy.     

论马克思恩格斯的制度伦理思想

取向制度伦理的研究是马恩对伦理学问题研究的革命性变革。在马恩看来,制度在本质上是社会化了的人类群体的结合方式,人的社会生活在本质上是一种制度化的生活,制度伦理对社会道德进步具有决定性意义,因而制度伦理建设也就成为人类走向自由而全面发展的历史必然。     

如何看待马克思和恩格斯的思想差别

怎样恰当地看待马克思和恩格斯在思想上的重要差别?“分工说”和“情境说”的解释都是不充分的;把恩格斯视为“第一提琴手”的观点妨碍了客观地看待这种差别;马克思思想的总体取向及马克思、恩格斯在不同意义上谈论马克思学说同达尔文进化论的相关性,表明马克思并未像恩格斯那样肯定自然辩证法;马克思、恩格斯之间的长期合作亦不能排除彼此误解的可能性。     

以马克思的学术精神研究马克思主义--致汉语马克思的第二个世纪

“汉语马克思”,指用汉语书写的马克思,已存在一个世纪了。此间,马克思主要被看作一个思想家和革命家而不是一个学者。马克思主义也主要被看作意识形态而不是学术思想。但事实上,马克思首先是一个学者,然后才是一个思想家和革命家。同时,马克思的马克思主义也首先是一种按照学术规范取得的学术成果,然后才是一种意识形态。无论如何,学术品质是马克思的马克思主义的首要因素。因此,我们应当以马克思的学术精神研究马克思主义,汉语马克思的第二个世纪首先应是一个学术世纪。     

Hegel's Legacy

This paper deals with some aspects of the relationship between Hegel and Marx and with their influence on the development of Marxism. The story is largely, though not entirely, one of misunderstandings and misappropriations, lost opportunities, unnoticed slippages, wrong turnings and blind alleys. As a result the project which unites Hegel and Marx, and, indeed, is the driving force of their work, has fared less well than it might have done. This, to state it in the most general terms, is the project of a dialectical theory in the service of human freedom. Anyone interested in that project who wishes to gauge its current standing and prospects will need to understand its strange history. The history also contains elements of deep continuity and unity of thought, at least where Hegel and Marx themselves are concerned. Yet even these have been subject to distortion and forgetting by Marx's successors. The discussion will try to do justice to them too. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Marx on Nature

Ecological Marxists argue that Marx forged a view of nature compatible with more recent models of environmentalism. John Bellamy Foster argues that Marx ascribed an ecological value to nature by asserting a co-evolution between man and nature. James O＇Connor presents a more nuanced view in which Marx at best defended a conservationist defense of nature. I argue that such ecological views of Marx tend to overlook his abandonment of an ontology of nature as a totality of relations among physical objects with respect to their interactions and mutual preservation and order. He followed Kant in reducing nature, or the physical world, effectively to a regulative notion, thus reducing its value to a simply a heuristic one for judgments about and actions towards objects. But he also radicalized this reduction by envisaging nature only as a material field of fungible and consumable things, such that each thing is a mere locus of energy or force that human labor cannot substantively perfect but only change to a function. Labor in this view creates new arrangements of natural things for a singular ultimate purpose： the formation of associations of free labor. I conclude that Marx＇s thinking thus cannot be utilized to support an environmental philosophy, such as deep ecology or eco-socialism, that would posit any intrinsic value to nature.     

后马克思主义思潮的批判性探讨

后马克思主义是近年引起较多注意的一种国外左派理论动向,它对马克思主义采取了超越“补充”的姿态,在理论上也表现出十分明显的含糊性：一方面,它把马克思主义的批判精神作为最重要的资源之一动员为一种反抗资本主义的激进个人政治话语;另一方面又扭曲了马克思主义的历史使命,并与自由主义意识形态产生了复杂的共谋。后马克思主义是传统西方马克思主义在20世纪70年代终结后的又一种新的历史动向,它在当代学术中的急剧生长,充分反映了当代资本主义的复杂变化,也在理论上为当今马克思主义哲学发展提供了一些基本教训。     

马克思主义者本雅明的波德莱尔形象:--以《波德莱尔笔下第二帝国的巴黎》为例

本文在文本细读的基础上对本雅明后期的重要论文《波德莱尔笔下第二帝国的巴黎》进行分析，并得出结论：正是由于本雅明运用了马克思主义的思想，本论文才具备了清晰谨严的结构，也使一个批判性的波德莱尔形象与作为马克思主义理论家的本雅明形象皆得展现。     

深入研究马克思主义宗教观

当今世界,宗教在国际国内社会的影响力日益上升,正确认识和对待宗教问题,比以往任何时候都更加重要和紧迫。马克思主义宗教观是建立在现代自然科学、社会科学和思维科学基础之上的科学宗教观,是我们观察宗教问题的锐利思想武器、开展宗教工作的根本指导思想、搞好宗教研究的基本科学方法。当前,我们必须全面、深刻地理解马克思主义宗教观的精神实质,把握其历史唯物的基本原则、科学辩证的基本方法和与时俱进的理论品质,积极推进马克思主义宗教观中国化、时代化、大众化。     

西方心理学的马克思主义研究取向评述

当今国外心理学研究的各流派中涌现出了马克思主义新取向。这显示了马克思主义思想要素的影响力及其对心理学科发展的积极贡献,体现出马克思主义新的生命活力和科学创新精神。但同时,心理学的马克思主义取向研究也遇到了巨大的阻抗力量,马克思主义也面临着严峻的考验。当前,如何认识心理学研究中马克思主义的理论资源,在辩证唯物主义精神的指引下推动心理学的研究,是中国心理学界需要进一步研究和解决的重大问题之一。     

On Marx,Hegel, and Critical Theory in Postwar Germany: A Conversation with Iring Fetscher

This paper consists of an introduction to the life and work of Iring Fetscher by the interviewer, followed by a conversation with Fetscher, and notes. In the interview, Fetscher discusses his relationship to Marxism, Hegelianism, Lukács, and the Frankfurt School, as well as his critique of Althusser. The contribution of Fetscher, an extremely well-known German specialist on Soviet and Marxist thought, is here discussed in greater detail than anywhere else to date in the English-language scholarly literature.     

马克思主义宗教观中国化的几个问题

马克思主义宗教观的中国化是当前我国宗教学研究的重要课题。它既表现为中国共产党把马克思主义宗教观的基本原理应用于中国革命和建设中的宗教问题的实际,走出了一条具有中国特色的解决宗教问题的道路的过程,也表现为形成了中国化的马克思主义宗教观。特别是中国特色社会主义宗教理论体系是马克思主义宗教观中国化的最新成果,是中国化马克思主义宗教观的标志,它是科学认识我国现阶段宗教问题的指南。这其中,我国宗教学界也作出了应有的贡献。     

Amnesia,flashbacks, nightmares,and dissociation in aging concentration camp survivors

The current study examined to what extent war memories of Dutch survivors of Japanese/Indonesian concentration camps display characteristics that are often believed to be typical for traumatic memories. Twenty-nine survivors were interviewed about amnesia, flashbacks, nightmares and the sensory quality of their most upsetting war memories. In addition, they completed self-report scales measuring post-traumatic stress symptoms and dissociation. In contrast to prevailing notions, amnesia, flashbacks and nightmares were not typical for this sample. Neither were traumatic memories characterized by a particularly strong sensory loading. Post-traumatic stress symptoms were not related to dissociative experiences. At least for this group of aging survivors, it appears that the pathogenic potential of traumatic memories has more to do with their extremely aversive content than with a qualitatively different type of organization of these memories.     

Between life and death: experiences of concentration camp mussulmen during the holocaust

During the years of 1981 and 1982, 89 former prisoners of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp responded to questionnaires on mussulmen-prisoners in the extreme phase of starvation disease. In this article, I describe the origin of the term "mussulman," mussulmens' somatic and mental state, their behavior and camp customs. Prisoners characterized as mussulmen remain between life and death, without expressing emotional reactions and defense mechanisms apart from a hypersensibility to food-related stimuli. A mussulman was a product of the camp factory of death. A deep somatic and emotional stigma remains in those who survived the mussulmen state.     

如何才能成为一个真正的马克思主义者?——汤普森“致列泽克·科拉克夫斯基的公开信”解读

在1973年的"致列泽克·科拉克夫斯基的公开信"中,汤普森通过给科拉克夫斯基这个受到第二代英国新左派热捧、然而在他看来已经出现背叛迹象的东欧马克思主义者写公开信,向第二代英国新左派阐发了他对在英国如何才能成为一个真正的马克思主义者这个重大问题的基本理解.