哈佛大学中国伊斯兰教资料拾遗(一)

美国传教士克劳德·毕敬士(ClaudeL.Pickens,Jr.1900-1985)和妻子伊丽莎白·兹威默·毕敬士(ElizabethZwemerPickens)曾是“中国内地传教会”的基督教传教士。毕敬士夫妇及伊丽莎白的父亲塞缪尔·兹威默博士(D r.SamuelZwemer),以及英国传教士伊萨克·梅益盛(IsaacMason)等在中国的传教生涯中特别关注中国的穆斯林,尤其是回族穆斯林的情况,这是因为他们立志要让回族穆斯林皈依基督教的愿望,同时也培养了他们对中国伊斯兰教学术研究的兴趣。梅益盛先生曾把刘智的《天方至圣实录》翻译成英文在上海出版。毕敬士先生的岳父兹威默是一位矢…     

十九世纪初至二十世纪初基督新教在广州之发展

本文主要探讨19世纪初──20世纪初基督新教在广州的发展概略。笔者将基督新教在广州近百余年的发展大致分为两个阶段。即第一阶段：1807~1842年,这是新教在广州的艰难草创时期,这一阶段传教士们的主要工作是围绕文字布道、医药布道、个人布道等方面展开的。第二阶段：1842~1910年,这是新教在广州的蓬勃发展时期,这一阶段来广州的传教差会与人数明显上升,且医疗、文字出版、教育、慈善等工作成为传教士们整个传教事业的核心。在中国新旧社会交替的时期,传教士们的这些工作对广州的近代化产生了积极与重要的影响。     

沿海城市回族穆斯林社区的分化与整合——秦皇岛市清真街社区的考察

学术界对回族社区的研究,主要集中在西北、西南的城市和农村聚居区,对东部沿海城乡散杂居地区的关注相对较少。本文以秦皇岛市清真街回族社区为个案,结合田野调查资料,分析其分化及整合的原因和动力,认为沿海城市回族社区经历了地缘聚居性解体、建构"精神社区"的过程,在社会变迁中寻找到新的定位。     

城市化进程对宁夏吴忠市回族社区文化影响分析

吴忠市作为宁夏回族人口相对集中的一个地区,回族社区的变迁呈现为明显的城市化特征,其文化发展呈现出现代性的特点、回族社区文化呈现出新的气象。在吴忠市的城市化进程中,由于城市的改造、重建,使得维系原来传统回族社区的精神价值发生了变化,社区中原有的宗教文化内涵发生了改变,许多宗教文化功能渐渐减弱或消失。吴忠市回族社区文化也表现出不同于以往的新的文化内涵。     

为英军侵华服务的德国传教士

19世纪鸦片战争发生之前,大清帝国名义上是主权独立的国家,但是一个国力枯竭、危机四伏的封建王朝,在广州十三行云集着英国一本万利的鸦片走私商人,从西方(以英国为首)派来了59名传教士,只因清政府严厉“禁教”,只有19人以其他职业为掩护驻在广州,其他传教士都待命南洋地区(包括马礼逊)。     

1930年代初北京穆斯林与基督教传教士关于伊斯兰教和平本质的争论

1920年代后期和1930年代初期,中国回族穆斯林学者在多种出版物中提出伊斯兰教和平本质的言说,受到基督教传教士、著名中国伊斯兰教研究者梅益盛(Isaac Mason)的批评,双方发生争辩。本文分析当时回族所处的中国社会环境,指出这场回耶冲突折射出辛亥革命后回族穆斯林在中国现代国家建设过程中对回族自身民族建设的新诉求:即不仅仅要被承认是多民族国家的爱国的公民,积极主动强调自己的国家认同,而且希望改变主流社会对其信仰的漠视、忽视和错识,希望被承认为是一个和平的宗教的信仰者。他们所借助的外来的关于伊斯兰教和平本质的言说,正是他们找到的构建中国回族伊斯兰民族-宗教面貌的有效途径之一。     

天主教传教士在内蒙古的医疗活动及其影响——关于归绥公教医院的个案研究

本文以天主教圣母圣心会传教士在内蒙古建立的归绥公教医院为个案,从医院的建立、规模、管理、医疗活动等方面,深入研究了天主教传教士在内蒙古的医疗活动,重新评价了传教士的医疗活动对内蒙古近代社会的作用和影响,从而肯定了传教士对内蒙古医疗事业的贡献。     

伊斯兰卫生观基本内涵及其特点初探

伊斯兰具有优美和健康的生活方式,其文化蕴含的卫生理念对穆斯林及传统回族社区有着深刻影响,本文探索伊斯兰卫生观的基本内涵及其特点,分析在传统回族社区建设中的作用.     

团結生产双跃進的回民制盒廠

石家庄市回民制盒厂,是1956年9月間在石家庄市回族人民集居的地区建立的一个半机械化生产的厂子。这个工厂的建立,解决了不少回族人民的就业問題,特別是培养了回族的技术工人和干部,壮大了回族的工人阶级队伍,改善了回族人民的經济和文化生活。建厂初期只有70个工人。現在已經发展到将近5百人的厂子了。从民族上来看有汉族、回族和满族,其中以回族職工为最多,占全厂職工总数的70%。     

广州重现省港大罢工时期伊斯兰教的革命历史证物

5月10日下午,广州市伊斯兰教协会、广州市回族历史文化研究会和香港中国回教协会在广州濠畔清真寺举行了一个有着历史意义的捐赠仪式。年已70多岁的香港回族穆斯林陈应忠先生,将他父亲秘密保存了80多     

Wittgenstein and the Dualism of the Inner and the Outer

A dualism characteristic of modern philosophy is the conception of the inner and the outer as two independently intelligible domains. Wittgenstein’s attack on this dualism contains deep insights. The main insight (excavated from §304 and §293 of the Philosophical Investigations) is this: our sensory consciousness is deeply shaped by language and this shaping plays a fundamental role in the etiology of the dualism. I locate this role in the learning of a sensation-language (as described in §244), by showing that this learning is, under another aspect, the incision of language, namely the infliction of cuts upon certain natural-primitive unities between the inner and the outer. These cuts, driven by powerful forces, eventually harden into an entrenched division between the inner and the outer, thereby providing a constant soil for the dualism. That this dualism is rooted in the very learning of a language is cause for ambivalence about language.     

Peter McHugh and Analysis: The One and the Many, the Universal and the Particular, the Whole and the Part

This paper takes the passing of Peter McHugh as an occasion to examine the intellectual development of his work. The paper is mainly focused on the product of his collaboration with his colleague and friend, Alan Blum. As such, it addresses the tradition of social inquiry, Analysis, which they cofounded. It traces the influence of Harold Garfinkel’s Ethnomethodology on McHugh and on the beginning of Analysis. The collaboration with Blum is examined through a variety of coauthored works but most especially in the two books On the Beginning of Social Inquiry (1974) and Self Reflection in the Arts and Sciences (1984). It also examines the relation of his independent writing before 1974, and since 1984 to the expression of the tradition of inquiry as exemplified in those two texts. The paper builds on some interview material with Peter McHugh and reflects on the influence of Peter the teacher as well as the theorist McHugh. Most especially, through its engagement with this material, it seeks to exemplify the dialectic and living nature of the program called Analysis.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

经济全球化与东西方宗教

本文认为,由于科技的高度发展,信息网络技术的普及,经济全球化已成为不可逆转的发展趋势;而经济全球化必然带来东西方宗教的种种变化。作者从传统宗教的复兴、民族宗教的冲突、宗教与政治的结缘。宗教的普世化与本色化、新兴宗教的异军突起及东西方宗教的交流与融合等６个方面分析了当前东西方宗教的这种发展趋势。     

Glossolalia and the psychology of the self and narcissism

A survey of the religious and psychological literature on glossolalia (speaking in tongues) reviews the various ways that have been used to try to understand this fascinating practice. At the present time an impasse has been reached: glossolalists can no longer be viewed as suffering from psychopathological disorders or from sociological deprivation. Insights derived from the psychology of the self and narcissism, as presented in the works of Heinz Kohut and D.W. Winnicott, are used to suggest new approaches to understand glossolalia.     

Belief and the problem of Ulysses and the sirens

While self-contained, this paper is a sequel to my Belief and the Will (1984); see theBibliographical Note at the end of this paper for a survey of the relevant literature since then and supplementary references. I have meanwhile benefitted greatly from Brad Armendt's commentary and Richard Foley's How should future opinion affect current opinion?, both presented at a symposium at the APA Central Division, April 1993.     

Spontaneity and Self-Consciousness in the Groundwork and the B-Critique

ABSTRACT

According to some influential readings of the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, the view presented there of the kind of spontaneity we are conscious of through theoretical reason and the significance of such self-consciousness is irremediably at odds with the Critical theory, and thus roundly and rightly rejected in the second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason and the Critique of Practical Reason. This paper argues, on the contrary, that the Groundwork can be read as articulating for the first time the account of self-consciousness and spontaneity that Kant goes on to develop in the B-Critique, especially the B-Transcendental Deduction.