权力感知对怀旧偏好的影响机制

作者考察了权力感知对消费者怀旧偏好的影响及其心理机制。通过3个实验, 作者发现低权力者比高权力者更加偏好怀旧产品或怀旧品牌, 而寻找生活意义的动机在该影响过程中起中介作用。具体而言, 权力的缺失导致个体认为自己的生活缺乏意义, 进而激发出寻找生活意义的动机。由于怀旧可以通过回忆有意义的事件和提供社会支持两条途径来帮助个体重拾生活意义, 因此低权力的消费者倾向于进行怀旧消费。这一研究发现进一步丰富了现有的权力和怀旧文献, 并对怀旧营销的设计具有重要的实践指导意义。     

怀旧对生命意义感的影响:社交自我效能感的中介作用

为了考察怀旧对生命意义感的影响以及社交自我效能感在其中的中介作用,采用本土化怀旧量表、 生命意义感量表、 社交自我效能感量表对448名被试进行调查.结果显示:(1)怀旧与生命意义感显著正相关,怀旧与社交自我效能感显著正相关,社交自我效能感与生命意义感显著正相关;(2)社交自我效能感在怀旧与生命意义感之间起部分中介作用....     

自我概念对健康人格发展的影响

人格的健全程度与自我概念密切相关,本文分别从自我价值感、自我同一性、情绪及人际关系等几个方面阐述了自我概念对健康人格发展的影响,最后得出：自我概念在健康人格的形成过程中发挥着重要的作用,因此要促进健康人格的发展,必须重视自我概念的完善。     

自我构念对想象广告策略的影响与分析

以叙事运输理论和社会心理自我概念模型为理论背景, 通过两个实验对自我构念对想象广告策略的影响进行了探讨。实验结果验证了想象广告会显著提高独立自我构念者的购买意愿, 但对依存自我构念者影响不显著; 自我构念对想象效应的调节作用不因广告场景提示的变化而变化; 无论是强说服或弱说服的想象广告都能提高独立自我构念者的购买意愿, 而对于依存自我构念者, 只有强说服想象广告会收到好的效果。     

积极怀旧情绪对疼痛共情影响的ERP研究

采用ERP技术比较积极怀旧情绪诱发组被试和中性情绪组被试在判断疼痛/非疼痛图片刺激时的疼痛共情反应,探讨积极怀旧情绪对个体疼痛共情加工的影响及其电生理学机制。结果发现,在P2成分和晚期的P3成分上,积极怀旧情绪下的疼痛图片比中性情绪下的疼痛图片诱发了更大的波幅。疼痛图片比非疼痛图片诱发更大的P2、N2、P3及400～600 ms正成分的波幅。结果表明积极怀旧情绪的诱发促进个体对疼痛刺激的加工和共情。     

探寻中国人的多重互依自我：理论、挑战与整合

为了全面理解中国人的互依自我内涵,整理相关文献后,发现主要有华人本土与跨文化两种研究取向及相关的多种典型理论,如差序格局理论、华人四元自我理论、道德自我理论、三重自我理论和文化会聚自我理论。这些理论适合解释不同类型的互依自我,并面临各自的挑战。在意义维持模型下对这些理论及互依自我类型进行了整理,发现中国人的互依自我是多层次的、动态的。     

卷入影响广告理性诉求信息加工效果的眼动研究

使用眼动技术,考察了卷入的两方面（个人卷入与产品卷入）共同对广告理性诉求信息加工效果的影响。研究发现：（1）随着个人卷入或产品卷入度的提高,被试获得的广告信息显著增加。（2）仅在产品卷入度高时,强说服证据理性诉求广告的品牌信息所获得的加工深度才明显优于弱说服证据者;同时,只有当个人卷入度高时,产品卷入度高的商品信息所获得的加工才明显比产品卷入度低者更为精细。这说明,广告理性诉求方式可能主要适宜于宣传产品卷入度高的商品,且只有当个人卷入度高时才可能更为有效     

视频游戏虚拟化身对自我概念的影响

虚拟化身(virtual avatar)是玩家在视频游戏中的虚拟自我呈现方式, 通过操控虚拟化身, 玩家可扮演不同的角色, 并拥有新的身份。作为现实自我的投射和展示, 虚拟化身会影响个体的自我认同, 并带来自我的变化。近年来, 越来越多的研究开始关注虚拟化身对个体自我的影响。大量研究表明, 在视频游戏中操纵虚拟化身进行行为和身份模拟会影响个体的自我概念。相关理论从不同视角解释了虚拟化身影响自我概念的原因。另外, 已有研究表明虚拟化身与自我概念的关系受到化身线索、视频游戏特征及个体因素的影响; 自我临场感和化身认同是虚拟化身影响自我概念的内在心理机制。未来研究应关注虚拟化身对自我概念的深层次影响和长期影响, 化身形象和行为两种线索的交互影响, 以及虚拟化身带来的自我概念改变对现实行为的影响, 并加强该领域的应用研究。     

调节模式对怀旧的影响：反事实思维和后悔的链式中介作用

为探讨调节模式和怀旧的关系,以及反事实思维和后悔在两者之间的中介作用,采用问卷法对398名大学生进行调查。结果发现：(1)调节模式对怀旧有负向预测作用;(2)反事实思维和后悔分别在调节模式与怀旧的关系中发挥单独的中介作用;(3)反事实思维和后悔在调节模式和怀旧的关系中发挥完全的链式中介作用。概言之,调节模式能通过反事实思维的单独中介、后悔的单独中介及反事实思维和后悔的链式中介作用间接影响怀旧。这些结果对于进一步理解不同调节模式者在怀旧方面的偏好及其内部影响机制具有一定的启示意义。     

网络环境下广告怀旧有助于品牌的口碑传播吗?基于情感双维度视角

怀旧型情感广告是企业常用的广告策略, 现有的研究主要从怀旧广告的情感性出发, 而忽略了广告的认知性。本研究从情感处理的两个维度(情感和认知), 探究了怀旧广告和非怀旧广告在不同品牌情境下对消费者口碑传播的影响。通过二手数据和实验研究发现：对温暖型品牌而言, 怀旧(vs非怀旧)广告会降低消费者的口碑传播, 孤独感和满足感起到连续中介作用; 对效能型品牌而言, 怀旧(vs非怀旧)广告会提高消费者的口碑传播, 历史感和信任感起到连续中介作用。     

Nostalgia for America's past can buffer collective guilt

This research examined when, and for whom, American collective nostalgia can relieve feelings of collective guilt. In the Pilot Study, path analyses revealed that national glorification is associated with collective nostalgia, and collective nostalgia is associated with lower collective guilt. Our experimental studies test the role of these variables in determining responses to the elevated salience of past ingroup harm doing. Collective nostalgia was associated with lower collective guilt especially after reminders of America's harm doing in Study 1 . In Study 2 we predicted and showed that reminders of American harm doing would evoke spontaneous collective nostalgia for participants high in national glorification. The remaining studies tested the hypothesis that collective nostalgia serves to buffer collective guilt. Collective guilt was lower after reminders of past harm doing for participants who engaged in collective nostalgia ( Study 3 ), and this was especially pronounced for participants high in national glorification ( Study 4 ).     

Development and validation of the brief Relational, Individual and Collective (brief RIC) Self-Aspects scale

A brief nine-item context-free version of the 30-item Relational, Individual and Collective (RIC) Self-Aspects scale was developed for use in short surveys and time-constrained telephone interviews. Two monocultural studies were conducted using Australian samples. In Study 1 ( N  = 175 university students) the Brief RIC demonstrated internal reliability, factorial validity and convergent construct validity with the original RIC. In Study 2 ( N  = 1000 adults) the three-factor structure was replicated and demographic correlates of self-aspects revealed new directions for future exploration. The Brief RIC will benefit from further validation, particularly in cross-cultural samples, but appears to be suitable for research purposes which require brevity.     

Group Responsibility for Ethnic Conflict

When a group of persons such as a nation orcorporation has a relatively clear structureand set of decision procedures, it is capableof acting and should, it can well be argued, beconsidered morally as well as legallyresponsible. This is not because it is afull-fledged moral person, but becauseassigning responsibility is a human practice,and we have good moral reasons to adopt thepractice of considering such groupsresponsible. From such judgments, however,little follows about the responsibility ofindividual members of such groups; much moreneeds to be ascertained about which officialsor executives are responsible for what beforewe can consider individual members of nationsor corporations responsible.Whether an unorganized group can be morallyresponsible is much less clear, but there havebeen useful discussions in recent years of thepossible responsibility of whites for racism,or males for sexism, and the like. In thisessay I explore arguments for consideringgroups or their members responsible for ethnicconflict. Such groups may lack a clearorganizational structure, but they are notrandom assortments of persons. Groups can andoften should take responsibility for theattitudes and actions of their members, and cansometimes be considered responsible for failingto do so. And persons often can and shouldtake responsibility for the attitudes andactions of the groups of which they aremembers.     

Creativity between individual insight and group support. An explorative study in the Italian fashion industry / La creatividad entre la introspección individual y el apoyo grupal. Un estudio exploratorio de la industria de la moda italiana

Abstract

Creativity has been defined across time and fields highlighting different perspectives and variables, from the power of individual insight to creative intelligence, to the role played by mind wandering. After a brief literature review, the present paper presents an explorative study on the dialogue between individual and collective creativity in the fashion industry. The research design is inspired by mix-method research. The dataset is made up of in-depth interviews with 12 Italian stylists, focused on the creative processes. Data have been analysed both in qualitative terms (metaphors analysis) and in quantitative terms (automatic content analysis supported by T-Lab software). According to our results, the creativity processes involved in the fashion industry are mainly individual with a growing role played by teamwork. Stylists present themselves as psychologists in dialogue with their audience, so that the general public, in some sense, become an additional actor in the creative process.     

大学生的三重自我建构与个人自主的关系

采用问卷法,以477名本科学生为被试,探讨大学生的三重自我建构与个人自主水平之间的关系。结果显示:(1)个体自我可显著负向预测外部调控,正向预测认同调控和整合调控。(2)关系自我可显著正向预测外部调控和投射调控,且可在个体自我与外部调控、认同调控的关系中起调节作用。(3)集体自我可显著负向预测外部调控,正向预测投射调控、认同调控和整合调控,且可在个体自我与投射调控的关系中起调节作用。研究支持了个体自我的积极作用,同时也揭示了关系自我和集体自我对个人自主产生积极作用的方式。     

相对剥夺感:概念、测量、影响因素及作用

相对剥夺感(relative deprivation,RD)是指个体或群体通过与参照群体比较而感知到自身处于不利地位,进而体验到愤怒和不满等负性情绪的一种主观认知和情绪体验。目前,相对剥夺感的测量模型主要有个体–群体RD与认知–情感RD的二维垂直结构模型、认知–情感RD的双维结构模型、个体–群体RD的双维结构模型以及RD的三维结构模型。影响相对剥夺感的相关因素主要包括人口统计学变量、个体特征变量和社会环境变量。影响效应方面,相对剥夺感与心理健康、个体行为等个体水平变量以及群际态度、集群行为等群体水平变量的关系是当前关注的焦点。今后研究的重点应包括完善相对剥夺感的概念与结构、注重青少年及特殊群体研究、丰富研究内容和视角、强化纵向干预研究以及本土化和跨文化研究等。     

Collective action and subordinate group identity in a simulated society game

Abstract: This research examined the effects of upward mobility and resource disparity on subordinates’ collective action and group identity in a context of intergroup negotiation by using a simulated society (SIMSOC) game. According to the social identity theory, it was hypothesized that when individual mobility opportunities for a subordinate group increase, the members of the subordinate group are less likely to participate in collective actions and to appreciate the merits of their own group identity. Four hundred and fifty‐four undergraduates participated in 12 separate SIMSOC games. For each game, approximately 40 undergraduates were divided into dominant and subordinate groups. Each of the four combinations of high/low levels of upward mobility and large/small resource disparity was played out three times. Subordinates in the low‐mobility condition acted collectively more frequently and evaluated their own group more positively than those in the high‐mobility condition. A signifificant positive correlation between the frequency of subordinates’ collective action and in‐group favoritism was found.