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Peter Glick Judith A. Demorest Carla A. Hotze 《Journal of applied social psychology》1988,18(4):315-330
The effects of group membership and interpersonal distance on interpersonal anxiety and compliance with a small request were explored. In a field experiment, people seated alone in the public eating area or a shopping mall were approached by one of two female confederates: an in-group member or an out-group member. Three different interpersonal distances were assumed by the confederates: near, medium, and far. The “medium” distance was the normative distance for interactions between strangers in the experimental situation. Although the out-group confederate aroused greater anxiety and obtained less compliance than the in-group confederate overall, these differences completely disappeared in the far-distance condition. It is suggested that one reason why out-group members are less likely to elicit compliance with a small request is that they arouse interpersonal anxiety on the part of potential helpers. The results of the present experiment indicate that this anxiety can be reduced (and compliance thereby increased) if the out-group member assumes a somewhat greater distance than is normally deemed appropriate for interactions between strangers. 相似文献
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This research contributes to increasing understanding of the ways in which Christians think about religious pluralism in the
United States. It does so by empirically uncovering the relationship between inter-faith contact and the willingness of white
Christians to support tenets of religious pluralism. To that end, this study largely intimates that religious identity reinforces
a dualistic world view. For white Christians, it is likely that contact with Jews and not Muslims is salient to their religious
pluralist understandings. Nonetheless, more so than other Christians, Evangelicals tend to embrace a theology that views their
belief system as being in conflict and competition with non-Christians. To that end, it is plausible that even when Christians
have positive contact experiences with Jews and Muslims, Evangelicals are less willing than are other Christians to recognize
them as members of the American religious polity. 相似文献
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Stephen R. L. Clark 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2013,56(4):425-445
Maclntyre's claim that contemporary moral language is, by traditional standards, merely chaotic somewhat exaggerates our chaos, and traditional order. He accuses. Moore and his disciples in particular of using moral language merely as propaganda, failing, like other critics, to reckon with the Platonic context of Moore's argument and the reasons why Goodness is an idea that rational inquiry should not abandon. Genuine moral action is done as the right thing, that produces more that is good than any alternative. Plato's model of the threefold structure of human motivation, and his image of the cave, locates moral action at a higher level than action from desire or social prejudice. We discover our real selves, distinct from our physical and social natures, in seeing what Goodness requires. This neo‐Platonism is a better bet than Maclntyre allows, and an answer to the barbarian puppeteers he rightly condemns. 相似文献
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Phillip Montague 《Pacific Philosophical Quarterly》2004,85(1):68-84
Abstract: The following thesis is defended: whether actions are morally required is an objective matter – that is, independent of the beliefs, intentions, etc. with which the actions are preformed. This thesis needs defending because it seems vulnerable to certain counterexamples. One approach to dealing with these counterexamples centers on the concept of blameworthiness, but this approach is flawed. An alternative approach is developed that relies on the concept of a vicious action. And although it too centers on the concept of blameworthiness, it lacks the flaws that are present in the original approach. 相似文献
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We proposed and tested a theoretical model that links membership in a devalued social group to emotional health. People who identify with devalued social groups (e.g., ethnic minorities, gay men/lesbians, bisexuals, women) may be at increased risk for distress via 3 different pathways. First, some members of devalued groups may internalize negative stereotypes about their group, which negatively impact personal self-esteem. Second, being devalued simply on the basis of one's group membership could lead to emotional distress independent of one's own personal self-esteem. Third, some members of devalued groups may be socialized to develop attitudes and behaviors that increase their risk for emotional distress. Data were collected from a sample of White, middle-to-upper-class undergraduate women and men with respect to personal self-esteem, collective self-esteem on the basis of their gender group, attitudes and behaviors associated with female socialization, and emotional distress. Results supported the direct effect of each pathway in predicting concurrent depression and partially supported the prediction of concurrent anxiety. Each pathway fully accounted for women's greater levels of depression relative to men's. Implications for the study of devalued groups are discussed. 相似文献
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Saul Tobias 《Sophia》2011,50(1):73-89
Pragmatic pluralism denotes a particular approach to problems of international human rights and protections that departs from
conventional cosmopolitan approaches. Pragmatic pluralism argues for situated and localized forms of cooperation between state
and non-state actors, particularly religious groups and organizations, that may not share the secular, juridical understandings
of rights, persons, and obligations common to contemporary cosmopolitan theory. A resource for the development of such a model
of pragmatic pluralism can be found in the work of Hannah Arendt. Arendt's early dissertation "Love and Saint Augustine" affords
a model of religious community and obligation that can be read productively alongside her later political writings. The possibilities
inherent in a cooperative reading of these two parts of her work can be illustrated in relation to an issue of particular
concern to cosmopolitan theorists: the international refugee crisis. 相似文献
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Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics - 相似文献
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Mariela Vargova 《Res Publica》2007,13(4):415-440
In this article I show how the concept of intertextuality as developed by Mikhail Bakhtin, Julia Kristeva and Jacques Derrida
can be applied to the political theory of constitutionalism. Such an approach carries with it the valuable democratic idea
that all texts in society, including the political constitution, are in a dynamic relationship and reflect social pluralism.
By analyzing and comparing intertextual theories, I develop the idea of the constitution as an open and emancipatory interpretative
and textual category. I show how intertextual theorizing contributes significantly to the democratization of a modern liberal
constitutional order, offering distinct strategies for progressive political and social transformation. 相似文献