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管理者信任是组织运作效率的重要影响因素。为了系统分析契约与领导成员交换(LMX)在组织内部对管理者信任的权变影响模式,本研究采用问卷调查的方法,对契约与LMX如何影响管理者信任的形成进行了研究。154名被试参加了调查,结果表明,契约与LMX的交互作用项对管理者信任的作用显著。进一步分析交互作用方向,结果表明:领导成员交换(LMX)在管理者信任形成中起到主导作用;而在双方LMX一般时,完备的契约可显著降低信任风险,促进管理者信任的形成。据此,我们建议管理者采用相应的权变策略建设组织内管理者信任。 相似文献
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Rosenberg(1965)自尊量表中文版的美中不足 总被引:33,自引:1,他引:33
罗森伯格(1965)自尊量表(中文版)是目前我国心理学界使用最多的自尊测量工具,这源于它的两大优点:信效度高、简明方便。但是,该量表也存在一个突出的与文化差异有关的问题,即题目8的含义表达与西方有所不同。经统计分析发现,题目8只有按正向题记分或直接删除才能达到良好的鉴别度、提升量表的信效度。这对于当前的自尊研究和量表法都有一定启示意义。 相似文献
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开发简版(PMPUS-S)和极简版(PMPUS-VS)问题性手机使用量表。对天津某高校和某中学的学生进行施测,基于探索性因素分析简化问题性手机使用题库中的题目从而形成量表,基于多组验证性因素分析检验测量不变性,并评估量表的信效度。结果发现,PMPUS-S包含脱离表现和无手机恐惧2个维度共8个项目,PMPUSVS包含脱离表现维度中的全部4个项目。PMPUS-S和PMPUS-VS具有良好的信效度。经检验,PMPUS-S具有跨年龄组、跨性别的严格等值性,PMPUS-VS具有跨年龄组的严格等值,不满足跨性别等值性。结果表明,简版和极简版问题性手机使用量表各项指标均满足心理测量学要求,可作为评估个体的问题性手机使用行为的工具。 相似文献
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基于推荐系统中协同过滤推荐的思想, 提出两种可以利用已有答题者数据的CAT选题策略:直接基于答题者推荐(DEBR)和间接基于答题者推荐(IEBR)。通过两个模拟研究, 在不同题库和不同长度的测验中, 比较了两种推荐选题策略与两种传统选题策略(FMI和BAS)在测量精度和对题目曝光率控制上的表现, 以及影响推荐选题策略表现的因素。结果发现:两种推荐选题策略对题目曝光率的控制优于两种传统选题策略, 测量精度不亚于BAS方法, 其中DEBR侧重选题精度, IEBR对题目曝光率控制最好。已有答题者数据的特点和质量是影响推荐选题策略表现的主要因素。 相似文献
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中国人人格量表(QZPS)的编制过程与初步结果 总被引:92,自引:10,他引:82
旨在编制能够反映中国人人格结构特点的中国人人格量表(QZPS)。文中首先分析了直接采用或修订西方人格量表的问题和潜在危险,以及目前国内使用的各种人格量表存在的局限;按照人格研究的“词汇学假设”,根据杨国枢和王登峰(1999)以及后来的研究所确定的中国人人格结构的七因素模型,提出了QZPS的编制原则和操作程序。按照人格特质形容词的含义编写测量项目,并根据小因素和大因素的含义对项目进行修改,初步确定了1600多个项目。经2280名被试的评定,初步筛选出409个项目。再经1099名被试评定,确定了215个项目构成QZPS,测量中国人人格的7个维度和18个小因素。文中还报告了对QZPS的项目分析的结果 相似文献
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Facial race and sex cues can influence the magnitude of the happy categorisation advantage. It has been proposed that implicit race or sex based evaluations drive this influence. Within this account a uniform influence of social category cues on the happy categorisation advantage should be observed for all negative expressions. Support has been shown with angry and sad expressions but evidence to the contrary has been found for fearful expressions. To determine the generality of the evaluative congruence account, participants categorised happiness with either sadness, fear, or surprise displayed on White male as well as White female, Black male, or Black female faces across three experiments. Faster categorisation of happy than negative expressions was observed for female faces when presented among White male faces, and for White male faces when presented among Black male faces. These results support the evaluative congruence account when both positive and negative expressions are presented. 相似文献
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Managerial Control Strategies for Poor Performance over Time and the Impact on Subordinate Reactions
《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》1995,63(2):207-221
Using a longitudinal lab design, the evolving nature of control strategies enacted by managers in responding to poor performing subordinates was examined from both the manager′s and the subordinate′s perspective. Control strategies, characterized by the manager′s use of corrective actions and verbal influence tactics, were found to be somewhat related to the severity of the particular incident. Managers showed consistency in their control strategies with punitive corrective actions and verbal influence tactics tending to be repeatedly used with a poor performing subordinate. However, managers were also found to experiment with punitive corrective actions and verbal influence tactics across time, apparently searching for effective control strategies. The subordinate′s perceptions of interactional justice were also examined and found to be related to the control strategies enacted by the managers. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The intent of the present study was to determine whether the selective aggregation of background data subgroups could be used to identify and control for differences across persons in the meaning of religious involvement. After background data subgroups had been clustered based on similarity in the variables related to religious involvement, two clusters were identified. One cluster contained individuals whose religious involvement was characterized by a functional, instrumental orientation, while the other was composed of individuals whose religious involvement was characterized by an affective, expressive orientation. Subsequently, causal models intended to describe continuity and change in religious involvement were constructed using individuals assigned to each cluster. It was found that different models were required to describe continuity and change in religious involvement in the instrumental and expressive clusters. 相似文献
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This study provides an integrative analysis of three approaches to person–organization (P–O) fit theory and measurement: values congruence and personality congruence (supplementary fit measures), and work environment congruence (a needs–supplies fit measure). Commensurate measures of each aspect of fit were collected from 105 employees in six organizations in the western United States. Values congruence and work environment congruence were both related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but personality congruence was not. All three fit measures were related to employees' intent to remain with their employer, although this effect was generally mediated by satisfaction and commitment. When multiple fit measures were used in a single analysis, values congruence and work environment congruence had the strongest and most consistent effects on the outcome measures. These results suggest a revised, multidimensional model of P–O fit. 相似文献
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Kilian M. Bennebroek Gravenhorst Jaap J. Boonstra 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(2):179-196
The use of nine influence tactics by four groups in organizations in constructive change processes was investigated in a field study with 479 participants. Data were collected with a Dutch version of Yukl's Influence Behaviour Questionnaire. The frequency with which line managers, staff specialists, consultants, and works council, delegates used the various influence tactics was examined. Furthermore, differences in direction of influence (upward, downward, or lateral) were assessed and compared to results of previous research in different settings. It was found that rational persuasion, inspirational appeals, and consultation were the most frequently used influence tactics. This is an encouraging finding because these three tactics are most effective for gaining target commitment to a proposal or request. In addition, it was found that the four groups used several influence tactics differently. Finally, only three directional differences in tactic use matched prior findings. This result suggests that constructive change processes lead employees to display different influence behaviour than they would in less uncertain and ambiguous circumstances. 相似文献
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Daniel T. L. Shek 《The American journal of family therapy》2013,41(2):123-137
Perceived parental control was assessed in 3,017 adolescents via the Chinese Paternal Control Scale (CPCS) and Chinese Maternal Control Scale (CMCS) based on indigenous Chinese parental control concepts. Results showed that Chinese parents were perceived to have expectations about their children but they were not harsh in parental discipline. Consistent with our predictions, the CPCS and CMCS had significant relationships with measures of psychological control, parental expectations, firm parental discipline, and perceived parental endorsement of traditional Chinese parenting beliefs. However, these two measures had weak relationships with indicators of parent-child relational qualities and adolescent psychological well-being but the observed relationships were moderated by parental psychological control. 相似文献
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中国本土化心理治疗的回顾与思考 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
心理治疗的理论建构、价值取向和具体操作,受到社会文化的深刻影响,而现代的心理治疗理论及操作技术多产生于西方,所以应该研究创立中国本土化的心理治疗理论及操作技术。通过对中国古代传统心理治疗和现代西方心理治疗中国化的回顾,分析中国文化和哲学对本土心理治疗的影响,探讨发展中国本土化心理治疗的途径。 相似文献
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Antonio Aiello Felicia Pratto Antonio Pierro 《Basic and applied social psychology》2013,35(5):487-495
The present research incorporates both intergroup and interpersonal approaches to power to examine influence tactics in organizations. Both approaches suggest that there should be coordination between supervisors and subordinates in the workplace for the smooth functioning of organizations. Study 1 tested how employees' social dominance orientation corresponds to what interpersonal influence tactics employees view as acceptable for supervisors. Study 2 tested how employees' SDO corresponds to interpersonal influence tactics they would use on subordinates. Complementarily, results showed that the higher participants were on SDO, the more they endorsed harsh tactics as legitimate. Implications for integrating power theories are discussed. 相似文献
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Four hundred and thirty‐seven employees from four Hong Kong organizations completed the Traditional Chinese versions of the Fifteen Factor Personality Questionnaire Plus (15FQ+) and the Cross‐Cultural Personality Assessment Inventory (CPAI‐2) (indigenous scales) and provided objective and memory‐based recent performance appraisal scores. A number of significant bivariate correlations were found between personality and performance scores. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that a number of the scales from the 15FQ+ contributed to significantly predicting four of the performance competency dimensions, but that the CPAI‐2 indigenous scales contributed no incremental validity in performance prediction over and above the 15FQ+. Results are discussed in the light of previous research and a call made for continued research to further develop and increase the reliability of the Chinese instruments used in the study and to enable generalization of the findings with confidence. 相似文献