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1.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
2.
This study examined concurrent and longitudinal associations between peer deviance, parenting practices, and conduct and oppositional
problems among young girls ages 7 and 8. Participants were 588 African American and European American girls who were part
of a population-based study of the development of conduct problems and delinquency among girls. Affiliations with problem-prone
peers were apparent among a sizeable minority of the girls, and these associations included both males and females. Although
peer delinquency concurrently predicted disruptive behaviors, the gender of these peers did not contribute to girls’ behavior
problems. Harsh parenting and low parental warmth showed both concurrent and prospective associations with girls’ disruptive
behaviors. Similar patterns of association were seen for African American and European American girls. The findings show that
peer and parent risk processes are important contributors to the early development of young girls’ conduct and oppositional
behaviors. These data contribute to our understanding of girls’ aggression and antisocial behaviors and further inform our
understanding of risk processes for these behaviors among young girls in particular.
相似文献
Alison HipwellEmail: |
3.
Jessica L. Willis 《Sexuality & culture》2008,12(4):240-256
Historical approaches to girlhood provide a basis for understanding changing cultural ideologies of sex, sexuality, and youth.
While situating sexual desire, biological possibilities, and social responses to girls’ engagement in sexual intercourse at
the center of its plot, the film Juno depicts the transgressive sexual agency of a young girl without substantially disrupting longstanding discourses of femininity.
Through an analysis of the semiotics of girlhood within the film, I argue that the girl figure in this representation signifies
an amalgam of two traditionally dichotomized conceptions of “femininity.” Juno serves as a particularly intriguing example
of the ways in which adolescent female sexuality is conceptualized within popular western culture during the early part of
the 21st century.
相似文献
Jessica L. WillisEmail: |
4.
Chris Cuomo 《Philosophical Studies》2007,132(1):75-85
Richard Mohr emphasizes the importance of dispelling false beliefs about lesbians and gay men, and establishing legislation
that protects the rights of sexual minorities. He argues that homophobic policies originate in the belief that gay men and
lesbians are categorically less morally valuable than others, rather than deserving of unequal treatment because of their
behaviors or actions. In response, I show that homophobic panic over lesbian or gay sex acts is actually quite influential,
and argue that Mohr fails to take account of the political and philosophical significance of sexual freedom, and the inextricability
of sexual being and sexual doing.
相似文献
Chris CuomoEmail: |
5.
Mark Cohan 《Sexuality & culture》2009,13(3):152-177
This research draws on in-depth, one-on-one interviews with a racially and ethnically diverse sample of 17 adolescent males,
both virgins and non-virgins, to explore how they use talk to construct their sexual selves and present themselves as sexual
decision-makers. The emphasis here is how some of the boys (n = 8) drew upon a particular discourse in their self-productions and implicated male peer groups in that production. I introduce
the concept of the male fraternity and show how its particular qualities mediate boys’ sense of masculinity and belonging, as well as their understanding of
females as sex partners. Attention is also paid to how the group context generates social control features that limit individual
resistance to collective understandings about gender and sexuality. The findings require corroboration but suggest important
ways in which adolescent talk and male peer groups are implicated in the production of male sexuality and the denial of female
subjectivity.
相似文献
Mark CohanEmail: |
6.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
7.
Peter Godfrey-Smith 《Philosophical Studies》2009,143(1):101-116
Non-actual model systems discussed in scientific theories are compared to fictions in literature. This comparison may help
with the understanding of similarity relations between models and real-world target systems. The ontological problems surrounding
fictions in science may be particularly difficult, however. A comparison is also made to ontological problems that arise in
the philosophy of mathematics.
相似文献
Peter Godfrey-SmithEmail: |
8.
Lahey BB Van Hulle CA Keenan K Rathouz PJ D'Onofrio BM Rodgers JL Waldman ID 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2008,36(8):1139-1158
Predictive associations between parenting and temperament during the first year of life and child conduct problems were assessed
longitudinally in 1,863 offspring of a representative sample of women. Maternal ratings of infant fussiness, activity level,
predictability, and positive affect each independently predicted maternal ratings of conduct problems during ages 4–13 years.
Furthermore, a significant interaction indicated that infants who were both low in fussiness and high in predictability were
at very low risk for future conduct problems. Fussiness was a stronger predictor of conduct problems in boys whereas fearfulness
was a stronger predictor in girls. Conduct problems also were robustly predicted by low levels of early mother-report cognitive
stimulation when infant temperament was controlled. Interviewer-rated maternal responsiveness was a robust predictor of conduct
problems, but only among infants low in fearfulness. Spanking during infancy predicted slightly more severe conduct problems,
but the prediction was moderated by infant fussiness and positive affect. Thus, individual differences in risk for mother-rated
conduct problems across childhood are already partly evident in maternal ratings of temperament during the first year of life
and are predicted by early parenting and parenting-by-temperament interactions.
相似文献
Benjamin B. LaheyEmail: |
9.
Children’s social interactions are often dependent upon the setting or context in which they occur. The current study explored
the school bus as a unique context for social interaction. One hundred and fifty-seven elementary school students (78 males
and 79 females), in grades 3, 4, and 5, completed a questionnaire concerning the rate and types of prosocial and aggressive
behaviors that occur on the school bus ride. Overall, findings indicated that students were prosocial more often on the school
bus than they were aggressive. Regarding the types of social behaviors, differences found in the current study were distinctive.
Participants mentioned non-traditionally studied prosocial behaviors (e.g., companionship and benevolence) more often than
traditionally studied behaviors (e.g., sharing and helping). In addition, participants mentioned physical aggression more
often among their female peers than among their male peers. This study reveals the importance of context in understanding
children’s social behaviors. It is concluded that the present results have important implications for the school bus context
and for future research on children’s social interactions.
相似文献
Courtney C. GalligerEmail: |
10.
Jesse Ramon Steinberg 《Sophia》2008,47(2):193-199
In this paper I discuss a number of problems associated with the suggestion that it is possible for God to randomly select
a possible world for actualization.
相似文献
Jesse Ramon SteinbergEmail: |
11.
Marian Ronan 《Pastoral Psychology》2008,56(3):321-339
The passionate response of many American Catholics to the clergy sex abuse crisis is an expression not only of legitimate
anger over the sexual abuse of children and young people by Roman Catholic priests but also of resistance to mourning the
significant losses post-immigrant American Catholics sustained in the last third of the twentieth century.
相似文献
Marian RonanEmail: |
12.
Guillermo E. Rosado Haddock 《Husserl Studies》2006,22(3):193-222
This paper offers an exposition of Husserl's mature philosophy of mathematics, expounded for the first time in Logische Untersuchungen
and maintained without any essential change throughout the rest of his life. It is shown that Husserl's views on mathematics
were strongly influenced by Riemann, and had clear affinities with the much later Bourbaki school.
相似文献
Guillermo E. Rosado HaddockEmail: |
13.
Bryan R. Loney Stevie N. Fowler Thomas E. Joiner 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(4):298-306
Prior research has documented an association between adolescent conduct problems and bulimic tendencies. However, there is
limited theoretical modeling to explain this association, and prior studies have generally failed to assess for potential
mediating variables of impulsivity, anxiety, and depression. The current study assessed these mediating variables in further
exploring for unique associations between adolescent conduct problems and bulimic tendencies. A non-referred adolescent sample
was assessed for bulimic tendencies, conduct problems, impulsivity, anxiety, and depression using a multi-informant assessment
battery including parent, teacher, and self-report measures. There was a significant bivariate association between conduct
problems and bulimic tendencies, r = 0.29, p < 0.01. However, this association was fully mediated by anxiety and depression symptoms. This suggests that emotional distress
could be a primary factor linking adolescent conduct problems and bulimic tendencies. Implications include the potential for
more regular screening of youth with conduct problems for associated eating disturbances.
相似文献
Bryan R. LoneyEmail: |
14.
This study examined the individual functioning, interpersonal relations, and academic performance of 115 male juveniles who
were divided into 5 demographically matched groups (sexual offenders with peer/adult victims, sexual offenders with child
victims, violent nonsexual offenders, nonviolent nonsexual offenders, and nondelinquent youths). Parents and youths completed
self-report instruments, behavior rating inventories, and a videorecorded interaction task, and teachers completed a rating
measure. Results showed that juvenile sexual offenders, like juvenile nonsexual offenders, had more behavior problems, more
difficulties in family and peer relations, and poorer academic performance than did nondelinquent youths. However, juvenile
sexual offenders and nonsexual offenders did not differ on any of the measures of individual or interpersonal adjustment.
The implications of these findings for research, theory, and treatment are discussed.
相似文献
Charles M. BorduinEmail: |
15.
Mariana Ortega-Brena 《Sexuality & culture》2009,13(1):17-31
This essay proposes a phenomenological approach to the viewing of Japanese hard-core animation (widely known in the West as
“hentai”), a type of erotica frequently characterized by detailed, unusual and fantastic depictions of sexual activity habitually
intended for sexual arousal. Pertinent instances of Japanese traditions of erotica and visual representation, as well as Japanese
animation and its industry are briefly reviewed. The main theoretical focus is on the experience of viewing such animated
material and is mostly informed by Western notions of pornography and film viewing, particularly Vivian Sobchack’s work on
the phenomenology of film.
相似文献
Mariana Ortega-BrenaEmail: |
16.
Dr. med. Dipl.-Soz. Alf Gerlach 《Forum der Psychoanalyse》2004,20(1):7-12
17.
Eric M. Cave 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2009,12(3):235-245
Among human beings, sexual pursuit takes many forms. Some forms, like courtship, are morally innocuous. Other forms, like
rape, are categorically immoral. Still other forms are provisionally immoral. Such forms of sexual pursuit involve a wrongful
element sufficient to render them wrongful on balance provided that this wrongful element is not counterbalanced by even more important competing moral considerations. Here my focus is a particular
form of provisionally immoral sexual pursuit, unsavory sexual seduction, or unsavory seduction for short.
相似文献
Eric M. CaveEmail: |
18.
It is generally agreed upon that Grice’s causal theory of perception describes a necessary condition for perception. It does
not describe sufficient conditions, however, since there are entities in causal chains that we do not perceive and not all
causal chains yield perceptions. One strategy for overcoming these problems is that of strengthening the notion of causality
(as done by David Lewis). Another is that of specifying the criteria according to which perceptual experiences should match
the way the world is (Frank Jackson and Michael Tye). Finally, one can also try to provide sufficient conditions by elaborating
on the content of perceptual experiences (Alva N?e). These different strategies are considered in this paper, with the conclusion
that none of them is successful. However, a careful examination of their problems points towards the general solution that
we outline at the end.
相似文献
Valtteri Arstila (Corresponding author)Email: |
Kalle PihlainenEmail: |
19.
20.
Elizabeth A. Yeater Richard J. Viken Richard M. McFall Lindsey R. Wagner 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2006,28(4):232-241
Two hundred and eleven undergraduate men and women were assigned to different instructional set conditions and asked to rate (1) the sexual risk depicted in a set of written items describing problem situations undergraduate women might face when dating or interacting socially with men, and (2) the effectiveness of responses to these situations, described by a set of response codes. Results revealed that sexual attitudes and instructional set were the strongest predictors of both ratings. Gender did, however, predict risk ratings for stranger and authority figure situations, with women rating these situations as more risky than men. In addition, women assigned to the risk instructional set condition rated refusal responses as more effective in decreasing risk than did men in the same condition. In contrast, women assigned to the popularity instructional set condition rated the same refusal responses as less effective in increasing popularity than did men in that condition.
相似文献
Elizabeth A. YeaterEmail: |