Contractualism as Restricted Constructivism

Metaethics is often dominated by both realist views according to which moral claims are made true by either non-natural or natural properties and by non-cognitivist views according to which these claims express desire-like attitudes. It is sometimes suggested that constructivism is a fourth alternative, but it has remained opaque just how it differs from the other views. To solve this problem, this article first describes a clear constructivist theory based on Crispin Wright’s anti-realism. It then outlines an argumentative strategy that can be used to argue against constructivist views about practical reasons. The rest of the article explains how the outlined constructivist metaethical framework, reasons, and contractualism in normative ethics can still be used to create a new viable metaethical constructivist position about right and wrong.     

Epistemology, the History of Epistemology, Historical Epistemology

A brief discussion of the ways in which awareness of and sensitivity to the history of philosophy can contribute to epistemology even if epistemology is understood as a distinctively philosophical and not primarily historical enterprise.     

Historical Interpretation of Augustine: The Promise of James,Allport, and Capps

Capps' interpretation of Augustine is methodologically a contribution to historiography. Capps draws on the concepts/labels of James and Allport to explain Augustine's unique personality structure. In the end, he moves beyond the James and Allport concepts/labels to their historical strategies. Such work complements traditional narrative explanation.     

斯宾诺莎对圣经的历史批判与诠释

斯宾诺莎的<神学政治论>,在圣经诠释历史上堪称是里程碑式的著作.他通过质疑作为真理之标准与公众法律之来源的圣经,倡导思想、言说与著述的自由.他对圣经研究最具原创性的贡献,并不在于其探求真理所坚持的理性主义标准,而在于对圣经文本自身及其内容所进行的历史理解.本文将简介斯宾诺莎对圣经诠释的历史批判方法,并兼及述评.     

希波克拉底文集的思想史解读

希波克拉底文集奠定了希波克拉底学派治疗的流程和标准,规范了职业道德和准则,通过与其他医学流派的竞争与合作,逐渐为社会所接受.文集的编撰成为其取得社会认同的标志.作为一种思维方式的希波克拉底学派医学,与其他思维方式不同,认清差异,有助于深入理解其医学思想.     

马克思《资本论》的历史性解读

卢卡奇在反思自己的马克思主义思想发展道路时,谈到了他对马克思哲学本质的这一理解:"任何人若幻想靠对辩证唯物主义的广泛深入的认识来一劳永逸地掌握自然和社会的现象,就必然要从生动的辩证法重新陷入机械的僵化状态,从全面的唯物主义重新陷入唯心主义的片面性.马克思的学说辩证唯物主义,必须每日每时地在实践中重新领会和掌握."     

Historical Knowledge as Perspectival and Rational: Remarks on the Annales School's Idea of History

There is an obvious parallel between foundationalism, which ignores history in working out the conditions of knowledge, and radical relativism, which contends that by virtue of its own historical character there is no way to choose among different interpretations, all of which are "equally good." Might it not be, rather, that the recent historicist attack on the very idea of rationality is as damaging as foundationalist objections against the plurality of conceptual schemes or frameworks? Can philosophy maintain the traditional distinction between the form and content of knowledge, between rationality and historicity _ between doxa and episteme ?     

历史记忆、思想资源与重新诠释 --关于思想史写法的思考之一

在过去的哲学史或思想史研究中,"影响"(influence)是一个习惯使用的词语,但是它可能偏重过去的知识与思想在后世的延续、外来知识和思想对本土的冲击,却可能相对忽略了后世对于遗产的"选择"和本土对新知的"接受",其实,影响和选择应当是哲学史与思想史中的双向过程,所以本文指出,所谓思想的连续性历史,在某种意义上可以理解为,固有的思想资源不断地被历史记忆唤起,并在新的生活环境中被重新诠释,以及在重新诠释时的再度重构这样一种过程.     

关于"成人"的历史解读

关于成人的概念,在儒家之前就存在.据成书于春秋时期,记载周代贵族各种礼节仪式的<仪礼>"丧服篇"的记载:"(女)未嫁者,其成人而未嫁者也."根据郑玄的注释:"成人,谓年二十已笄礼者也."可见,古人最早是从三个方面来界定这个概念的.     

社会史与历史社会学:一个比较的反思

社会史与历史社会学既有共通之处,又有显著差异。社会史关注特定时空背景下的社会结构和社会变迁,历史社会学关注不同社会的共同规律和相似机制。社会史以揭示过去的社会事实为己任,历史社会学旨在借助过去探究现代社会。社会史主张回到历史场景,注重描述和阐释,历史社会学往往超然于历史,注重分析和解释。社会史通过比较去理解单一研究对象,历史社会学以多案例比较去探寻因果机制。社会史与历史社会学应该相得益彰,而无法相互替代。     

Constructivism and education: education as an interpretative transformational process

This paper provides an analysis of the ideas of John Dewey and George Herbert Mead with regards the relationship between experience, meaning, language and thinking. It discusses how experience, meaning, language and thinking are based on the creative and constructive actions of individuals. Unlike what is the case in so-called radical constructivism, it is argued that the actions of the individual should be understood in a transactional way. The paper shows the implication of a transactional constructivism for education, arguing that education is the medium in which the creative and constructive actions of individuals come together in a social environment.     

罗尔斯对康德伦理学的“建构主义诠释”——兼论《正义论》证成结构的思想“原型”

一、罗尔斯所理解的康德伦理学的基本特征:道德建构主义罗尔斯在整个学术生涯中从未间断过对康德伦理学的研究,其康德解读的精髓是从哲学方法论上把康德伦理学理解为一种道德建构主义(moral constructivism),在西方哲学史上第一次明确提出了建构主义概念,并把它运用于道德和政治哲学。     

Review Essay: Constructivism,Dialectic, and Mortality

My approach in this review of Irwin Hoffman's Ritual and Spontaneity in the Psychoanalytic Process is historical and explicative. I discuss the book's reprinted works in their original publication sequence in order to highlight the emergence of themes over time. I then discuss the chapters written expressly for this volume in light of these themes.