Women's Mental Health Issues

No abstract available for this article.     

乳腺癌手术患者术前心理危机的原因剖析与应对策略

乳腺癌手术患者术前严重的心理危机对其极为不利,笔者从多方面剖析了患者术前心理危机产生的原因,同时针对乳腺癌手术患者术前心理危机如何有效应对提出了诸多策略,最后就目前临床工作中存在的一些不足进行了必要的思考.     

乳腺癌手术患者术前心理危机的原因剖析与应对策略

乳腺癌手术患者术前严重的心理危机对其极为不利,笔者从多方面剖析了患者术前心理危机产生的原因,同时针对乳腺癌手术患者术前心理危机如何有效应对提出了诸多策略,最后就目前临床工作中存在的一些不足进行了必要的思考。     

Mental Health Issues in the 1990s

An overview is presented of issues facing mental health professionals in the 1990s. Issues and problems addressed include: diagnostic dilemmas, civil rights issues, use of plea of innocent by reason of insanity, consequences of deinstitutionalization, growing disparity between the rich and the poor, AIDS, alcohol and other drug abuse, changes in traditional sex roles, increasing number of single-parent families and blended families, changes in abortion statutes, and an increasing number of elderly persons.     

Effectiveness Research in the Context of School-Based Mental Health

There are many challenges to transporting evidence-based treatments from laboratories into real-world settings. However, if we hope to make our evidence-based treatments accessible and available to children and usable by community professionals, effectiveness research is imperative. We argue that schools represent an ideal real world setting in which to conduct such research. The goals of this paper are to present the advantages of conducting effectiveness research in the school setting and to encourage clinical researchers to engage in effectiveness research in this location, as there are benefits to children, pre-service professionals, communities, and researchers. We attempt to further advance the literature by discussing the challenges associated with this work and by providing a case example (The Youth Experiencing Success in School [Y.E.S.S.] Program) that demonstrates real world application of our recommendations.     

Knowledge of Breast Cancer Genetics Among Breast Cancer Patients and First-Degree Relatives of Affected Individuals

The cloning of BRCA1, a susceptibility gene for inherited breast cancer, has made genetic screening possible for individuals and families whose medical histories are suggestive of an inherited predisposition to breast cancer. To date, few systematic attempts have been made to determine the level of knowledge about breast cancer genetics among women who are likely to seek BRCA1 screening when it becomes widely available. The present study attempted to assess the general knowledge about BRCA1 mutations in two groups: (1) first-degree relatives (FDRs) of breast cancer patients; and (2) women with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer. A self-administered, thirty-item questionnaire was developed through a pilot study. Ten of the items were objective, factual questions about breast cancer genetics. Responses to these questions were used to generate an overall knowledge score for each respondent. The study population was moderately knowledgeable about breast cancer genetics, with an average score of 5.35 out of 10. Counselors should not underestimate the importance of evaluating each counselee's existing knowledge about breast cancer, which can affect the provision and reception of genetic information. In particular, specific areas of knowledge that may be confusing or misunderstood were identified and these topics are discussed in detail.     

Genetic Testing Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients

Genetic testing is now feasible for a growing number of cancers. Although the implications for unaffected relatives have been widely described, the impact of the tests on affected individuals are often not recognized. We present and discuss four cases that highlight some of the issues—for example, feelings of guilt and anxiety, intrafamilial conflict, and support needs—that may arise in testing affected individuals. We offer some suggestions to aid in the approach to such testing.     

Clinical and Mental Health Issues in Counseling the Gifted Individual

Research over the past several decades has identified several unique characteristics and experiences of gifted individuals that have implications for counselors. This article describes internal and external factors that contribute to gifted individuals' nonnormal lived experience and that may require counselors' specific attention to work effectively with gifted clients on clinical and mental health issues. These factors are applied to 4 issues: unhealthy perfectionism, anxiety, depression, and suicidality.     

QLQ-3O量表在乳腺癌化疗患者中的应用

应用EORTCQLQ-30核心量表调查初治乳腺癌化疗患者的生存质量。运用自身对比的队列研究方式,调查了42名乳腺癌化疗患者。结果显示化疗带来的生存质量的下降是显著但短暂的;某些因素对生存质量的影响较大,值得针对性地采取干预措施;对一些调查项目的修改,可以使EORTC QLQ-30量表更好地适应我国的国情和文化。     

The Sabbath: Implications for Mental Health

Jewish tradition established the Sabbath as a special day. Its observance was both part of a religious tradition and an example of psychological health. The author explores the values and attitudes that underlie Sabbath observance, identifies some of the themes and behaviors most characteristic of these observances, and relates these to current mental health practices.     

The Mediated Breast: Technology,Agency, and Breast Cancer

Women intimately interact with various medical technologies and prosthetic artifacts in the context of breast cancer. While extensive work has been done on the agency of technological artifacts and how they affect users’ perceptions and experiences, the agency of users is largely taken for granted hitherto. In this article, we explore the agency of four women who engage with breast cancer technologies and artifacts by analyzing their narrative accounts of such engagements. This empirical discussion is framed within the tradition of science and technology studies, philosophy of technological mediation and phenomenology of embodied agency as ‘I can/not’. This approach leads to the conclusions that women’s technologically mediated agencies range from being restricted to extended, take place on different bodily levels, within complex temporal structures, and are determined by certain socio-cultural contexts. Furthermore, it reveals that such agency shaping does not imply a one-way conditioning relationship between technologies and users, but rather involves a reciprocal relationship in which both subject and object are co-constituted. We therefore suggest that the ‘material turn’ in philosophy of technology also needs to take into account technologically mediated, material human beings in order to gain a better understanding of human existence.     

乳腺癌患者二元调整的研究进展

通过检索相关文献,对乳腺癌患者二元调整的概念、国内外研究现状、评估工具、影响及干预措施等方面进行综述。探讨了二元调整对乳腺癌患者生理健康、心理健康及认知行为的影响,护理人员可以通过提高患者心理压力应对能力、提升疾病认知和鼓励伴侣参与等干预方式来提升乳腺癌患者的二元调整,并对未来的研究方向提出一些见解,旨在为我国开展乳腺癌患者二元调整的干预研究提供理论参考,以期改善乳腺癌患者的健康结局。

     

Community Participation of People with Mental Health Issues within an Urban Environment

Photovoice is an action research methodology in which people create/share photographs with stakeholders to generate personal and community change. In this study, people with mental health issues used photovoice to explore questions about community participation within an urban environment. Identified areas of occupation include spending time with friends, daily living tasks, and managing symptoms. Facilitators to community participation include access to supports, transportation, and making friends. Factors limiting participation include the risks for stigmatization, homelessness, and medication side effects. Implications for occupational therapy intervention include supporting participants’ community participation by developing friendships/supports and addressing the ongoing demands of symptom management.     

A Public Health Framework for Preventing Mental Disorders in the Context of Pandemics

The COVID-19 pandemic has universally threatened the building blocks of mental health, well-being, and quality of life, namely, expectations of safety, connectedness, hope, and individual and societal efficacy. Consequently, unprecedently large numbers of individuals are significantly stressed and many are at risk for relapse of mental health problems, exacerbations of existing mental and behavioral health problems, and new onset clinical problems. Because of the scope of the problem, a population-based public health perspective is needed, which in the context of disasters has well-established theories and prevention approaches. Public health approaches to disasters and pandemics focus on preventing subclinical problems from becoming clinical disorders, in comparison to clinical care approaches that focus on treating established disorders. Fortunately, specialty care clinicians who typically think about assessing and treating established disorders have the training and clinical competencies to deliver prevention-focused interventions. This paper is designed to help specialty care clinicians who use cognitive-behavioral strategies to understand the biopsychosocial impacts and resource deficits associated with COVID-19-related stressors and the public health perspective to address them. We also provide ways clinicians can help people who are suffering from significant stress and resource deficits bounce back and regain functioning. We describe psychological first aid, stress management, repeated ecological assessment, writing about stressors, problem-solving, and behavioral activation approaches to assist individuals at risk for enduring stress-linked problems.     

心理健康培训对医护人员心理健康服务的影响

为探讨医护人员心理健康培训现状以及对心理健康服务的影响,采用《医护人员心理健康教育培训问卷》与《心理健康服务行为量表》对664名医护人员进行问卷调查。结果发现,分别有91.6%、65.2%的医护人员学习过心理健康相关课程或接受过相关培训,70.3%通过科普宣传途径学习心理健康知识;心理健康教育和培训正向预测心理健康服务,能够增加8.5%解释变异量。因此,医护人员接受心理健康教育与培训的内容和途径较为单一,对医护人员加强心理健康相关教育培训,可以增加其心理健康服务。