The Crisis of Medical Practice

The American Journal of Psychoanalysis -     

The Educational Crisis in American Reform Judaism

The American Reform Judaism movement has been undergoing revitalization in all areas of its interaction with its rabbis and laity. One of the concerns it is presently addressing is the condition of its educational programs for its children, teenagers and adults; it is now reevaluating and reformulating these programs to bring in maximum benefits. Assimilation, apathy, and acculteration are three of the thorniest problems with which the Reform movement has had to contend for most of its 200-year history. From recent assimilation and apathy comes endemic intermarriage with non-Jewish spouses, and widespread disinterest in ritual observance and in Judaism itself. Acculturation has brought American Jews strong feelings of wanting to be very much part of the American society, and this acculturation has fanned the flames of apathy. Jews have historically maintained their religious individualism and kept their religious collective body whole through education and knowledge of Judaism. Strong educational programs are absolutely essential in the fight against apathy.     

The Crisis of Narrative in Contemporary Culture

This article explores the crisis of narrative in contemporary culture. It begins by examining the challenge represented by the mass media for the continuing art of storytelling. Taking up Walter Benjamin's warning that we are moving from an age of narrative experience to an age of instant information, it analyses the implications of the post-modern 'cult of simulation' for education, historiography and ethics. The paper concludes by advocating a critical hermeneutic approach as the most apt response to this contemporary dilemma. Only by means of such hermeneutic retrieval, inspired by the work of Ricoeur and Gadamer, can we avoid the current reduction of temporal experience to a 'depthless present' without past or future, thereby reaffirming the crucial narrative dimensions of historical memory and hope.     

The Male Midlife Crisis and Career Change

American males are known to find themselves in a stage similar to the turbulence and confusion of adolescence during the stage of mid-life. This stage, referred to by some as “midadolescence,” occurs between the late 30s and early 50s. Mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects of mid-life males are frequently shaken to the core and have a definite impact on job satisfaction. Three major tasks are to be worked on during this time by men undergoing the aforementioned phenomenon: (a) terminating early adulthood, (b) dealing with polarities, and (c) initiating middle adulthood.     

生态环境危机中的利益问题思考

当前的生态环境危机 ,主要是由于人与人之间的利益冲突造成的。利益冲突是当代生态环境危机的实质 ,是人们的经济利益冲突在自然领域的反映。它表现了人们在生态环境方面的目前利益与长远利益、民族和国家利益与全人类利益、局部利益与整体利益、个人利益与社会利益的冲突。但是无论哪种利益 ,在这个问题上进行善恶评价的标准只有一个 ,这就是社会整体利益和全人类的共同利益     

新自由主义市场经济的道德危机

在现今的讨论中，新自由主义被理解为一个既是学术性的又是政治性的纲领。它取消经济的、社会的和公益的调控．也就是说，削减和缩小社会福利国家的社会福利，扩大市场，提高经济的以及道义的增长。     

The Impact of Cognitive Diversity on Crisis Negotiations

This paper reports on a series of experiments designed to assess the impact of grouping decision makers by level of cognitive complexity on the outcomes they attain in crisis negotiations. The participants—University of Maryland undergraduates who took roles in a simulated international hostage crisis—used a computer decision support system and a controlled network environment for communications. The goal of the experiments was to better understand the dynamics that lead certain types of groupings to have greater success in negotiations, and that lead certain groups of adversaries to achieve more mutually beneficial outcomes such as compromise and agreement. The findings point to a positive relationship between the level of homogeneity in cognitive complexity among decision makers and the achievement of positive outcomes in crisis negotiations.     

The Holistic Phase Model of Early Adult Crisis

The objective of the current study was to explore the structural, temporal and experiential manifestations of crisis episodes in early adulthood, using a holistic-systemic theoretical framework. Based on an analysis of 50 interviews with individuals about a crisis episode between the ages of 25 and 35, a holistic model was developed. The model comprises four phases: (1) Locked-in, (2) Separation/Time-out, (3) Exploration and (4) Rebuilding, which in turn have characteristic features at four levels—person-in-environment, identity, motivation and affect-cognition. A crisis starts out with a commitment at work or home that has been made but is no longer desired, and this is followed by an emotionally volatile period of change as that commitment is terminated. The positive trajectory of crisis involves movement through an exploratory period towards active rebuilding of a new commitment, but ‘fast-forward’ and ‘relapse’ loops can interrupt Phases 3 and 4 and make a positive resolution of the episode less likely. The model shows conceptual links with life stage theories of emerging adulthood and early adulthood, and it extends current understandings of the transitional developmental challenges that young adults encounter.     

心理咨询师在危机干预中的作用

危机干预工作中需要专业人员的参与,而心理咨询师就是这样的专业队伍。他们不仅应具备该职业的基本素质,如道德素质、反省能力和诚实品质,而且还应具备特殊的专业素质,如生活经验、镇静心态、灵活性、充沛精力、快速反应能力和换位思考能力等。当然,除去日常专业训练所养成的各种素质以外,心理咨询师也要掌握有关心理危机干预技术,如关注、倾听、评估以及某些具体的危机干预措施。最后介绍了国内外危机干预中心理咨询师的主要工作领域和服务形式,并探讨了我国心理咨询师参与危机干预工作的一些设想。     

人本主义心理学的危机及其僭越

人本主义心理学存在着的危机表明,其研究取向坚持的“人的形象”与“科学的形象”之间仍然具有张力及矛盾,僭越危机的目的在于将心理学的研究定位为真正是对人的研究,把人真正当作“人”,而不是物,研究在现实生活中真实体验和活动着的人的心理。     

The Crisis issue Assessed: An Empirical Analysis

The effect of the crisis issue in social psychology-focusing on the validity of existing social psychological research methodologies-was examined through an analysis of research trends over the past 15 years. Articles selected from four representative social psychology journals in the 1974-1975, 1979-1980, and 1984-1985 periods were evaluated in terms of (a) type of methodology, (b) subject population (c) use of deception and (d) method of data analysis. Results indicate that, despite the predominance of laboratory experimentation in social psychological research, a significant increase in the use of surveys and questionnaires is noted. In addition, although the predominance of undergraduates as research subjects has shown no change over the 15-year period, deception in research has decreased significantly. Contrary to expectation, the increased availability of linear modeling procedures such as path analysis and multidimensional scaling has not resulted in significant changes in the methods of data analysis over the past 15 years. These results are discussed in terms of the role of the crisis literature on social psychological research of the past decade.     

人文主义危机与存在问题

赫拉利在《未来简史》中向人类提出了警告:在自然科学与现代科技突飞猛进的过程中,过去几百年塑造人类文明形态的人文主义面临着瓦解。现代人文主义实际上是建立在心物二元论的形而上学基础之上的,笛卡尔是它的奠基者。在启蒙运动中传统形而上学受到了强烈的质疑,休谟与康德都将其视为独断论,但康德也试图在经验实在论中保留心物二元论。无论就历史,还是就现实而言,各种版本的心物二元论都是失败的,唯物主义的自然主义不断瓦解着人文主义。从这个视角来看,海德格尔提出的存在问题不再是一个抽象的理论问题,而是关乎人文主义的未来命运。