社会主义者是实践的无神论者

马克思、恩格斯对宗教的批判,与历史唯物主义的创立同步,两者相辅相成,密不可分。科学无神论是历史唯物主义宗教观的哲学基础,与共产主义事业紧密相连。社会主义者是实践的无神论者。     

Praying to stop being an atheist

In this paper, I argue that atheists who think that the issue of God’s existence or non-existence is an important one; assign a greater than negligible probability to God’s existence; and are not in possession of a plausible argument for scepticism about the truth-directedness of uttering such prayers in their own cases, are under a prima facie epistemic obligation to pray to God that He stop them being atheists.     

你有可能走向泛神论——关于有神论与无神论的对话

一个偶然机遇,主客之间进行了一次涉及科学与无神论诸问题的友谊式的、比较系统的对话,取得一定的效果。     

Finding the faithless: perceived atheist prevalence reduces anti-atheist prejudice

Although prejudice is typically positively related to relative outgroup size, four studies found converging evidence that perceived atheist prevalence reduces anti-atheist prejudice. Study 1 demonstrated that anti-atheist prejudice among religious believers is reduced in countries in which atheists are especially prevalent. Study 2 demonstrated that perceived atheist prevalence is negatively associated with anti-atheist prejudice. Study 3 demonstrated a causal relationship: Reminders of atheist prevalence reduced explicit distrust of atheists. These results appeared distinct from intergroup contact effects. Study 4 demonstrated that prevalence information decreased implicit atheist distrust. The latter two experiments provide the first evidence that mere prevalence information can reduce prejudice against any outgroup. These findings offer insights about anti-atheist prejudice, a poorly understood phenomenon. Furthermore, they suggest both novel directions for future prejudice research and potential interventions that could reduce a variety of prejudices.     

共产党员要成为马克思主义无神论者

中国共产党是马克思主义政党。它根据马克思辩证唯物主义、历史唯物主义以及我们党的性质一再重申,共产党员必须树立科学世界观,不信宗教、不信迷信、不信任何伪科学的东西,要成为马克思主义唯物论者和彻底的无神论者。可近些年来,有些地方,特别是农村,有神论、愚昧迷信沉渣泛起,反科学、伪科学的东西频频出现,非法宗教活动屡禁不止。这不仅严重败坏     

架起中国无神论者与世界世俗人文主义者之桥

2007年10月12日,在北京友谊宾馆,中国无神论学会专家一行5人,在"科学探索与人类福祉"国际研讨会前夕,拜会了国际探索中心主席、     

Religiousness,social support and subjective well‐being: An exploratory study among adolescents in an Asian atheist country

Few studies have focused on the relationships among religiousness, social support and subjective well‐being in Chinese adolescent populations. This study tries to fill this gap. Using cluster sampling, we selected two groups: Group A, which included 738 Tibetan adolescents with a formal religious affiliation and represented adolescents from a religious culture, and Group B, which included 720 Han adolescents without a religious affiliation and represented adolescents from an irreligious culture. Structural equation modelling showed that only in Group A did social support mediate (partially) the relationship between religious experience and subjective well‐being; furthermore, the results of a hierarchical regression analysis showed that only in Group A did social support moderate the relationship between religious ideology and subjective well‐being. Possible explanations for the discrepancies between the findings obtained in this study and those obtained in previous studies are discussed.     

无神论在当代文化语境下的话语权问题——2008年学术年会发言摘要

2008年12月6日至7日．中国无神论学会在北京举行了2008年学术年会．主题是“无神论在当代文化语境下的话语权”。参加会议的来自中国社科院、中国科学院、中国科协、中央党校、中央社会主义学院、中央民族大学、中国地质大学、北京师范大学、上海师范大学等30多个全国科研院所和部分省市高校的学者．共计50多人。     

In Godlessness We Distrust: Using Social Psychology to Solve the Puzzle of Anti‐atheist Prejudice

Most people believe in a god of some sort. Nonetheless, there are hundreds of millions of atheists in the world, and they face considerable discrimination and prejudice. This is a puzzling form of prejudice: Atheists do not form a coherent group, they are individually inconspicuous, and they are not, in general, oppositional or threatening. Recent research in social, evolutionary, and cultural psychology, however, offers suggestions for solving the puzzle of anti‐atheist prejudice, in terms of both uncovering its psychological causes and also suggesting interventions for reducing it. Antipathy towards atheists derives specifically from moral distrust – to many people, belief in a watchful, moralizing god is seen as a uniquely powerful and perhaps necessary component of morality. Without religious belief, atheists are viewed as moral wildcards who cannot be trusted. This unique basis in turn implies specific ways in which distrust of atheists might be ameliorated.     

Exploring the atheist personality: well-being,awe, and magical thinking in atheists,Buddhists, and Christians

Atheists are America’s least trusted group, and stereotypes about them abound: Atheists are non-conformist, sceptical, cynical, and joyless, rarely experiencing awe. Atheists (N?=?42) were recruited from the American atheist website and compared to Christians (N?=?22) and Buddhists (N?=?18). Groups were highly similar in their reported well-being, empathy, and other personality scales, but differed strongly on scales assessing Spirituality and Magical Ideation, where atheists rejected the concepts of spirituality and magical beliefs. Responding to the question, “Have you ever felt wonderment or felt as if you were part of something greater than yourself?,” 71% said “yes,” citing Nature (54%), Science, (30%), Music/Art (12%), and Human cooperation (8%). Respondents explained their lack of belief as deriving from a preference for logic and rationality, suggesting an intellectual component to atheism. Findings thus support the stereotype of atheists as logical, sceptical, and non-conformist, but not as cynical and joyless.     

Science,state and violence: An indian critique reconsidered

Abstract

This paper explores the work of a specific group of Indian scholar activists who, during the 1980s, produced a body of writing critical of the Indian state's science, technology and environmental policy. They have been described variously as Luddites, anti-science cranks and polemicists (Guha, 1988 Guha, R. 1988. The alternative science movement: an interim assessment. Lokayan Bulletin, 6(3): 7–25.  [Google Scholar]; Nanda, 1991 Nanda, M. 1991. Is modern science a Western, patriarchal myth? A critique of populist orthodoxy. South Asia Bulletin, 11: 110–116.  [Google Scholar]; Baber, 1996 Baber, Z. 1996. The Science of Empire: Scientific Knowledge, Civilization and Colonial Rule in India, New York: SUNY Press.  [Google Scholar]). At the same time, they have been influential among activists critical of state development policies. This paper examines one particularly polemical set of their writings. It has three broad parts. It begins by providing some context and background and describing the methodological choices made in the acquisition and presentation of the material at hand. The second, substantial section is the exposition of the argument underlying the critique being discussed. Finally, the brief last segment explores the relevance of this work for studies of science and culture.     

An introduction to state notation and SKED

SKED is a minicomputer operating system based on the functional use of state notation as a programming language. An overall view of the operating system, state notation, and the hardware necessary to simultaneously control as many as 12 experimental stations is provided.     

Screening for Depression in Cardiovascular Patients in Albania: Findings from the Country Check-Up Program

This is a retrospective study conducted in Vlora from January 2016 to April 2017 and the aim was to report the prevalence of depression in cardiovascular (CVD) patients. Depression assessment was done using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (PHQ-9). Data were derived from the patient records and the standard recommended cut-off point of PHQ-9 ≥ 10 was used. In total, data of 300 patients were analyzed. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) were observed at 6% of the participants. Trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or sleeping too much, feeling tired or having little energy and having little interest or pleasure in doing things were the most common symptoms reported. In multivariate analysis, only family status showed statistical significance. Unmarried (mean rank?=?207.22) are more likely to have moderate or severe depression level (OR?3.529; C.I. 95% 1.017–12.238). Future research should focus on the needed actions after depression screening (i.e. referral, treatment etc.).

     

Examining and Predicting Under‐the‐Table Payments for Health Care in Albania: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior1

The World Bank and the Albanian Ministry of Health report that the majority of Albanian citizens make illegal, under‐the‐table payments for health care. Qualitative studies have identified some factors associated with these informal payments, but the problem has not been systematically examined using established theoretical models. The purpose of this study was to examine and predict under‐the‐table payments using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Self‐administered surveys were completed by 222 Albanian citizens. The constructs of the theory explained 34% of the variance in intentions to make under‐the‐table payments, with attitude toward the behavior making the strongest contribution. Using the TPB to examine the practice of making under‐the‐table payments has indicated specific areas that can be targeted by policy interventions.