全国汉传佛教实行度牒僧籍制度的办法

第一条为了加强佛教自身建设,严肃 僧纪,整饬僧团,根据《全国汉传佛教寺院管 理办法》的有关规定,制定本办法。 第二条度碟是僧尼的僧籍身份凭证, 全国汉传佛教寺院僧尼经考察合格发给度 牒。持有度牒的僧尼由其剃度或常住寺院登 记造册,建立僧籍。 第三条度碟和僧籍登记表由中国佛教 协会统一印制,并由中国佛教协会会同省、自 治区、直辖市佛教协会（以下简称省佛教协 会）按规定分发有关寺院颁发登记。 第四条经政府主管部门登记,具有五 名比丘或五名比丘尼僧团的寺院,方可接收 剃度弟子。寺院每年计划接受新出家者的名 额,须在…     

道教修道生活的忠与孝——以初唐"致拜君亲"论争为中心

自六朝以来,忠孝君亲的儒家伦理早已在道教教义与修道生活中得到内化的融合与体现.初唐政府屡次命令道士僧尼致拜父母与君王的诏令,都将道士女冠与僧尼相提并论,强令二教必须礼拜父母与君王.佛教教团为此多次掀起反对致拜君亲的请愿运动,成功地迫使政府两次放弃强令僧尼拜君亲;道团态度相对沉默,却在修道生活中实践着朝廷的政策精神.道教在致拜君亲问题上的"讷于言而敏于行",反映了道教在唐代不辩自明的国家宗教之身份认同.     

佛教传记文学研究史及相关问题刍议

佛教传记文学是佛教在汉地阐扬、发展的重要形式,具体可分为佛陀传记、印土圣贤传记(佛弟子传)、中国僧尼传记及其他类型传记4种类型。笔者提出,对佛教传记文学的属性、研究范畴和佛教传记文学与中国古典文学的关系仍需进一步深入探讨。     

重庆市佛协寺庙管理培训班举行开学典礼

9月18日,由重庆市佛协开办的寺庙管理培训班在罗汉寺举行开学典礼。来自(全市)各寺庙的僧尼共50人,在此学习政治、佛教教理、     

元代广教总管府探析

广教,为佛教用语,有广施教化之意;总管府,源自北周,始为区域性的军事管理机构。广教总管府是元代特有的佛教管理部门,成立于至顺二年(1331),共16道。它的主要职责是掌管僧尼之政,其设置、分布特点对构建元后期的佛教管理体系产生过重要作用,在中国佛教史上具有深远的意义。     

吉林明如寺隆重举行开光庆典

吉林市明如寺自落实宗教政策以来,在政府的关怀爱护下,在广大信教群众帮助下,经过全体僧尼的努力,自筹资金几百万元,先后修建了藏经楼、天王殿、大雄宝殿、山门等。如今明如寺金壁辉煌,已成为吉林市最好、最大、最完整的佛教寺     

唐代国家对寺院经济的控制——以寺院人口为例

唐代是中国佛教史上最为繁荣的时代,其中强大的寺院经济的为唐代佛教的繁荣昌盛奠定了坚实的基础。唐代是我国由统制经济向商品经济过渡的时期,均田制的崩溃和两税法的确立表明中国走出中古强制性的统制经济时代。本文从度僧制度、僧尼帐籍、寺院依附人口和僧尼的沙汰这几个方面探讨国家对寺院人口的控制与管理。并试对一些原因进行分析。通过研究以期反映国家对佛教寺院经济的控制。     

论中国佛教对生产作务态度的转变

序论 荷兰许理和先生曾经指出，佛教在中国并不是一种思想模式或哲学体系，而首先是一种生活方式，和一种高度纪律化的行为方式，它被认为能藉此解脱生死轮回，适合于封闭而独立的宗教组织即僧伽的成员信受奉行［１］。所以，出家僧尼被视为方外之士，远离世俗的尘劳，过着清净无为的生活。但是，僧尼毕竟仍生活在这个世间，仍然必须过着衣食住行的生活，所以从而也引出中国僧尼的经济问题。历来反对佛教的理由及“三武一宗”的废佛事件，其中经济问题则是非常主要的问题。 从本世纪以来，国内外佛教界及学术界在中国佛教经济研究方面，取得…     

“施者得福”——中古世俗社会对佛教僧团的医药供养

本文从生命与医疗的角度,分析了中古时期社会大众对佛教僧尼在罹患疾病时所提供的医药供养,并追溯这种供养行为受到了印度佛教所提倡的“病者受药、施者得福”观念的影响.     

佛教“食蒜戒”考

流传至今的"食蒜戒",是佛陀时期制定的。其制戒的目的是防止俗众对僧尼的讥讽,增长俗众对佛教的信心,亦是为了僧尼在精进修行中脱离烦恼而达到圣证,最终实现佛法永住的理想。与佛教"食蒜戒"有关的本生故事,则是藉因果报应故事形象化地教育听众。     

Omnipotence in the transference and in the countertransference

The concept of omnipotence refers to a primitive fantasy, a mechanism of defense, and a pathological psychic structure. Omnipotence and its derivative defensive operation, omnipotent control, are highly prevalent in borderline personality organization. Three clinical vignettes illustrate these mechanisms in the treatment of patients with borderline, narcissistic, and obsessive personality disorders, respectively. These vignettes illustrate the transference developments when omnipotence and omnipotence control are dominant, and the therapeutic approach to these conditions.     

Information in the Universe and in the Organism

There is a branch of modern medicine that relies on information rather than on biochemical substances to maintain health and cure disease. Known as information medicine, it offers an important complement to the dominant biochemical approach of mainstream medicine. This note offers a few reflections on the potentials of information medicine in reference to what is currently known regarding the role of information in the universe, and in the living organism.     

The patient in the family and the family in the patient

The notion that the family is “the unit of care” for family doctors has been enigmatic and controversial. Yet systems theory and the biopsychosocial model that results when it is imported into medicine make the family system an indispensable and important component of family medicine. The challenge, therefore, is to provide a coherent, plausible account of the role of the family in family practice. Through an extended case presentation and commentary, we elaborate two views of the family in family medicine — treating the patient in the family and treating the family in the patient — and defend both as appropriate foci for care by family doctors. The practical problem that arises when the family is introduced into health care is deciding when to concentrate on the family system. The moral problems that arise concern how extensively doctors may become involved in the personal lives of their patients and families. The patient-centered clinical method provides a strategy for handling both problems. Thus, making the family a focus of care in family medicine can be justified on theoretical, practical, and moral grounds.     

经济全球化与东西方宗教

本文认为,由于科技的高度发展,信息网络技术的普及,经济全球化已成为不可逆转的发展趋势;而经济全球化必然带来东西方宗教的种种变化。作者从传统宗教的复兴、民族宗教的冲突、宗教与政治的结缘。宗教的普世化与本色化、新兴宗教的异军突起及东西方宗教的交流与融合等６个方面分析了当前东西方宗教的这种发展趋势。     

Spontaneity and Self-Consciousness in the Groundwork and the B-Critique

ABSTRACT

According to some influential readings of the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, the view presented there of the kind of spontaneity we are conscious of through theoretical reason and the significance of such self-consciousness is irremediably at odds with the Critical theory, and thus roundly and rightly rejected in the second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason and the Critique of Practical Reason. This paper argues, on the contrary, that the Groundwork can be read as articulating for the first time the account of self-consciousness and spontaneity that Kant goes on to develop in the B-Critique, especially the B-Transcendental Deduction.     

Pavlov and the Pavlovians in the laboratory

The general character of the Pavlovians and their role in the experimental investigation of conditioned reflexes is discussed. From 1897 to 1936, Ivan P. Pavlov had at least 146 co-workers and he was closely involved in their experimental work. The social background, nationality, and gender of the Pavlovians are described together with the daily routine in the laboratories. It is pointed out that, despite Pavlov's authoritarian style, the Pavlovians characterized him as the epitome of a scholar and an admirable human being. It is concluded that the work in the laboratories was truly a cooperative effort between Pavlov and his co-workers.     

Muslims and the media in the blogosphere

In the past two decades a virtual Ummah has evolved in cyberspace. While some of these websites are targeted specifically at Muslims, others attempt to provide outreach on Islam or counter Islamophobic bias. As noted by Jon Anderson, in his pioneering work on Islam in cyberspace, Muslims were among the first engineering students to create websites at the dawn of the Internet, before mainstream Islamic organizations posted official websites. There is a wealth of material by Muslims in English and Western languages, some of it archived for research. This article explores the methodological problems posed in studying the range of Islam-content blogs, from private individuals to religious scholars, as well as Muslim websites that feature comments from readers. The focus of the paper is an analysis of blogs about Islam or by Muslims that either act as watchdogs on the media or try to provide alternative views to the mainstream media of competing Muslim groups. Researching these blogs as a form of e-ethnography calls for a rethinking and refining of anthropological methodology as e-ethnography.