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本实验研究了不同亮度级的光谱色光(440,460,540,560,640,660nm)和白光的CFF。结果表明:除极高亮度(5087td)外,CFF与logI函数均呈线性关系。白光表现了最大的CFF,其图线斜率大于任何色光的图线斜率。可以见到:亮度是CFF和logI之间关系的最重要的决定因素之一。在所用的色光中,绿色不论在CFF绝对值或其图线斜率方面均高于光谱两端色光的相应数据。从而可以推断:波长对CFF和logI之间关系的效应不可忽视。光谱两端色光曲线的差别明显,而同色区内相邻色的曲线间差异则不显著,这又一次说明波长的区别对CFF的意义重大。在某些亮度水平上白光CFF绝对值低于色光,虽然在最高亮度级时其最大CFF值高于所有色光的相应数据。我们的研究结果再次提出,有必要对CIE V(λ)在某些条件下应用的适当性进行重新考虑。 相似文献
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McCollough效应在完全黑暗和自然视觉条件下的消退过程很缓慢,而利用同频补色条栅来进行反诱导,能在十几分钟内消除显色效应。消除所用时间与反诱导条栅的亮度、颜色和栅条间距(空间频率)有关。进一步说明导致McCollough效应恢复平衡的主要因素跟网膜刺激方式有关。 相似文献
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利用反诱导消除McCollough效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
McCollough效应在完全黑暗和自然视觉条件下的消退过程很缓慢,而利用同频补色条栅来进行反诱导,能在十几分钟内消除显色效应。消除所用时间与反诱导条栅的亮度、颜色和栅条间距(空间频率)有关。进一步说明导致McCollough效应恢复平衡的主要因素跟网膜刺激方式有关。 相似文献
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照明性质对辨认色标的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究对低亮度的四种色温白光和四种单色光下11种色标的绝对辨认结果进行了比较。结果表明:白光下的辨色效果优于色光。红、橙、黄、绿四种单色光中,红光的辨色效果最差。白光中高色温白光比低色温白光的辨色效果好。11种色标在辨认难度上存在差异,红、橙、橙黄、紫四种色标的辨认效果最好,白与黄、黑与深蓝最容易互相混淆。 相似文献
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一、引言颜色信号灯是传递信息的重要手段。信号灯的色度和亮度,必须根据人眼对不同色光辨认的特点和使用的环境条件来确定。有些在全天候使用的灯光信号,背景光的强度相差几个对数级。夜晚眩目刺眼的灯光信号,在白天,特别在阳光照射时往往因亮度不足,难以觉察。要使灯光信号有效地发挥作用,就必须根据背景光的强度调节信号灯的亮度。因此确定颜色信号灯亮度与背景光强度间的关系对信号灯的设计和作用都有实际意义。在本研究中,我们对强背景光对识别绿、红、橙三种颜色灯光信号的影响进行了实验比较。 相似文献
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EDWIN E. GHISELLI 《Personnel Psychology》1969,22(2):125-130
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The effects of five procedures on the acquisition of conservation of length were studied. A Müller-Lyer illusion was used to induce apparent changes in length in the test- and practice-situations. Two procedures involved practice on addition-subtraction, one a progressive increase in the strength of the Müller-Lyer illusion, and one the anticipation of the outcome of displacements of the objects. A fifth procedure was a composite of the other four. The results showed some acquisitions in all groups, with highest frequency in the anticipation group, and lowest in the increase-in-illusion group. 相似文献
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不同年龄广告名人效应的心理加工机制研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
本研究从自动化加工和控制性加工这个视角研究了名人效应的心理加工机制。实验运用加工分离程序,探讨了不同年龄阶段的受众对名人广告的信息加工模式。结果发现:(1)名人效应是一个普遍存在的现象,与用一般消费者做代言人相比,青少年、成年人(大学生)以及老年人对名人广告均明显存在更多的自动化加工,且加工水平没有年龄差异。但是,老年人的控制性加工明显低于其他两组;(2)在非注意条件下,代言人的专业化程度明显地影响了大学生组的控制性加工,但与各组被试的自动化加工都关系不大。这些研究发现为广告策略的制定带来了一些新的启示。 相似文献
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Janet K. Swim Robyn Mallett Yvonne Russo-Devosa Charles Stangor 《Psychology of women quarterly》2005,29(4):406-411
We compared the subtlety of four measures of sexism and sources of variation in male and female psychology students' judgments that beliefs from these scales and everyday behaviors were sexist. Participants judged traditional gender role and hostile sexist beliefs as more sexist than benevolent and modern sexist beliefs, indicating the latter were more subtle measures of sexism. Participants also judged traditional gender role behaviors as more sexist than unwanted sexual attention, suggesting the latter may less readily be identified as sexist. Variation in judgments of beliefs as sexist was related to differences in likelihood of endorsing such beliefs. This relation fully accounted for the tendency for men to be less likely to judge beliefs as sexist in comparison to women. Endorsement of Modern and Hostile Sexist beliefs was related to judgments of behaviors as sexist. The implications of the results for scale usage and identifying sexist behavior are discussed. 相似文献
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James E. Carr Jon S. Bailey Cheryl L. Ecott Kim D. Lucker Timothy M. Weil 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1998,31(3):313-321
We conducted a parametric analysis of response suppression associated with different magnitudes of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR). Participants were 5 adults with severe or profound mental retardation who engaged in a manual response that was reinforced on variable-ratio schedules during baseline. Participants were then exposed to NCR via multielement and reversal designs. The fixed-time schedules were kept constant while the magnitude of the reinforcing stimulus was varied across three levels (low, medium, and high). Results showed that high-magnitude NCR schedules produced large and consistent reductions in response rates, medium-magnitude schedules produced less consistent and smaller reductions, and low-magnitude schedules produced little or no effect on responding. These results suggest that (a) NCR affects responding by altering an establishing operation (i.e., attenuating a deprivation state) rather than through extinction, and (b) magnitude of reinforcement is an important variable in determining the effectiveness of NCR. 相似文献
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STEFAN BIRD‐POLLAN 《Metaphilosophy》2011,42(4):376-380
Abstract: This article argues that Christine Korsgaard's conception of self‐constitution can be historicized by considering the impact of actual humans on our reflective activity. Because Korsgaard bases her argument on a philosophy of action rather than of intention (as Kant does), and our actions must always be concrete, the article argues that the principles for action which we develop in reflection are likewise responses to concrete human demands. It further interprets the types of demands humans make on each other as the expression of historical circumstance rather than as transcendentally anchored. The notion of universal respect that reflection seeks to achieve is thus seen as developing by a self‐correcting process of concrete human interaction. Finally, the article concludes that there can be no metaphysical proof of morality, since morality develops through human interaction that seeks to approximate the idea of respect for persons. 相似文献
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采用自编《大学生自尊评定问卷》,探讨1104名大学生自尊发展的特点。结果表明:(1)随着年级的增长大学生自尊呈稳定发展趋势,重要感、胜任感、归属感三个维度上表现出显著的年级差异。(2)大学生自尊发展存在着显著的性别差异,男生发展水平显著高于女生,性别差异主要体现在归属感维度。(3)文科生外表感维度得分显著高于理科生,独生子女、城市学生以及学生干部在自尊总分及其三个维度得分显著高于非独生子女、农村学生以及非学生干部。 相似文献