班级集体效能对初中生学业自我效能与学习倦怠的调节作用

采用学习倦怠、学业自我效能、班级集体效能问卷,选取26个班级的1125名初中生作为被试,运用多层线性模型探讨班级集体效能对学业自我效能与学习倦怠的影响。在控制性别和年级的影响后,结果发现:(1)班级集体效能与学习倦怠具有直接的关联:班级正向联合力越高,则学生的学习成就感越高;班级负向联合力越高,则学生的情绪与生理的消耗越严重;班级优秀成员的效能越高,则其他学生学习的成就感越低,师生关系越疏远、生理消耗越严重;而班级成员的自我效能越高,学生的学习成就感越高、情绪的损耗越小;(2)班级集体效能对学业自我效能与学习倦怠之间的关系具有显著的调节作用:班级的正向和负向联合力越强,则学业自我效能对师生疏离的负向影响就越弱;班级的负向联合力越强,则学业自我效能对情绪耗竭的负向影响就越小;优秀成员效能越高,则学业自我效能对学习低成就感的负向影响就越大;而成员自我效能强,则学业自我效能对师生疏离的负向影响也强。     

教师创造性教学行为与中小学生创造性自我效能感的关系:一个有调节的中介模型

采用问卷法对北京市和西安市1所小学和2所中学的小学三年级到初中三年级的1689名学生进行调查,考察教师创造性教学行为与学生的创造性自我效能感之间的关系,以及班级创新氛围的中介作用和学生沉浸特质的调节作用。研究结果表明:(1)教师创造性教学行为显著正向预测学生的创造性自我效能感;(2)班级创新氛围在教师创造性教学行为和学生创造性自我效能感间起完全中介作用;(3)学生沉浸特质对班级创新氛围的中介作用存在显著的正向调节效应。     

大学生学业自我效能感与学习态度的关系

探讨大学生学习态度的现状以及与学业自我效能感之间的关系,为改善大学生学习态度提供依据。采用学业自我效能感问卷和学习态度问卷对302名大学生进行调查。得出结论为:1.在学习能力自我效能感、学习态度、情感品质、行为品质维度上存在显著性别差异,女生得分显著高于男生得分。2.在行为品质维度上存在显著年级差异,大四学生得分显著低于大一、大二和大三学生得分,大一学生得分显著高于大二学生。3.学业自我效能感与学习态度存在显著正相关。学业自我效能感能解释学习态度总变异的12%,能显著正向预测学习态度。     

师范生未来时间洞察力、学习倦怠与学业自我效能感的关系研究

采用大学生未来时间洞察力量表、学习倦怠量表、学业自我效能感量表,对219名师范生进行施测,考察未来时间洞察力、学习倦怠对学业自我效能感的作用及三者的关系。结果表明:(1)远目标定向、学业行为自我效能、情绪低落和行为不当存在显著差异;(2)未来时间洞察力对学业自我效能感有显著的正向影响,学习倦怠对学业自我效能感有显著的负向影响;未来时间洞察力和学习倦怠分别对学业自我效能感有显著的预测作用。(3)未来时间洞察力在学习倦怠和学业自我效能感间起部分中介作用。结论:师范生未来时间洞察力和学习倦怠对学业自我效能感有显著影响。     

不同班级环境类型对学生学校适应的影响

采用问卷法,考察了小学5年级到初中3年级38个教学班的班级环境及其对学生学校适应的影响。结果表明,班级环境可以归为3种类型：团结向上型、一般型和问题型。在学校喜欢、学习兴趣、学业效能感和自信心上,团结向上型班级的学生得分显著高于一般型和问题型班级的学生。班级环境对学生的学校喜欢、学业行为有显著的正向预测作用,对学校回避有显著的负向预测作用,对学业行为的间接作用大于其直接作用。     

高中生感知教师支持与学习投入的关系:学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介作用

采用感知教师支持、学习投入、学业自我效能感和成就目标定向问卷对498名高中生进行问卷调查,探讨感知教师支持对学习投入的影响,以及学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介效应。结果显示：（1）感知教师支持能通过学业自我效能感间接预测高中生学习投入,感知教师支持可以通过掌握趋近、表现趋近、表现回避间接预测高中生学习投入;（2）学业自我效能感→掌握趋近、学业自我效能感→表现趋近、学业自我效能感→表现回避三者分别在感知教师支持与学习投入之间起链式中介作用,学业自我效能感→掌握回避的中介效应则不显著。上述结果表明,感知教师支持不仅能分别通过学业自我效能感、掌握趋近、表现趋近、表现回避预测高中生学习投入,还能通过学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介作用间接预测高中生学习投入。     

高中生感知教师支持与学习投入的关系:学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介作用

采用感知教师支持、学习投入、学业自我效能感和成就目标定向问卷对498名高中生进行问卷调查,探讨感知教师支持对学习投入的影响,以及学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介效应。结果显示：（1）感知教师支持能通过学业自我效能感间接预测高中生学习投入,感知教师支持可以通过掌握趋近、表现趋近、表现回避间接预测高中生学习投入;（2）学业自我效能感→掌握趋近、学业自我效能感→表现趋近、学业自我效能感→表现回避三者分别在感知教师支持与学习投入之间起链式中介作用,学业自我效能感→掌握回避的中介效应则不显著。上述结果表明,感知教师支持不仅能分别通过学业自我效能感、掌握趋近、表现趋近、表现回避预测高中生学习投入,还能通过学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介作用间接预测高中生学习投入。     

大学生师生关系与学业自我效能感的相关研究

师生关系、学业自我效能感以及学业情绪等研究目前已经成为近年来我国心理学界关注的热点话题。师生关系指在教育教学过程当中,教师和学生因为各自的地位、职责及规范行为的差异,彼此经过相互影响和作用而形成和建立起来的一种特殊的人际关系,它对与学生学业活动相关的各种情绪体会,包括在课堂学习活动中和完成功课过程中以及考试期间的情绪体验具有一定的影响,进而影响到学生的学业自我效能感。本研究对安徽师范大学487名被试进行了问卷调查,以探究大学生师生关系与学业自我效能感的相关研究,通过解析学业自我效能感的影响因素,提出了增强学生学业效能感的具体策略建议。结果表明:1)良好的学业情绪可以帮助学生形成积极主动的学习态度和积极主动的学业自我效能感。2)良好的学业情绪可以促进良好的师生关系的创建。3)良好的师生关系可以构成积极的学业自我效能感,而且学业情绪可以起到调节作用。     

中学生自我效能感、归因与学习成绩关系的研究

本研究以398名中学生为研究对象,以自我效能感和归因量表为工具,探讨了不同年级和成绩水平的学生自我效能感与归因的特点以及自我效能感、归因与成绩之间的关系,结果发现:(1)对于能力自我效能感和行为自我效能感,不同学习水平的学生之间存在着显著性差异,而年级差异不显著。学习水平和年级在能力自我效能感上存在着交互作用。(2)不管失败归因还是成功归因,年级差异显著,学习水平差异不显著。(3)路径分析表明,自我效能感对学习成绩有直接的影响,而归因是通过自我效能感间接影响学习成绩的     

高中生物理和化学学科中同伴学业支持与学业情绪的关系:学习效能感的中介作用和性别的调节作用

研究发现学习效能感会受到同伴支持的影响,同时它又是影响学生学业状况的重要前因变量。根据控制价值理论,本研究通过对3329名高一和高二学生的调查,考察在物理和化学学科中,学习效能感是否会在同伴学业支持和学业情绪中起到中介作用。发现：(1)同伴学业支持和学习效能感呈显著正相关;两者与高兴学业情绪显著正相关,与厌倦学业情绪显著负相关;(2)在控制了年龄、年级、性别和地域后,学习效能感在同伴学业支持和高兴学业情绪中起部分中介作用,在同伴学业支持和厌倦学业情绪中起完全中介作用;(3)在物理学科中,性别调节了学习效能感和学业情绪的关系。本研究验证并拓展了控制价值理论,对于如何提高中学生物理和化学学习的积极情绪有借鉴意义。     

教师关怀行为与学生学业成绩的关系:学习效能感的中介作用

采用教师关怀行为问卷、学生学习效能感问卷调查1430名中学生,考察教师关怀行为、学生学习效能感和学业成绩之间的关系.结果发现:(1)教师关怀行为的得分高于“3”,达到了3.54;学生的学习效能感的得分也比较高,得分为3.73;(2)教师关怀行为、学生学习效能感和学生的学业成绩及其各维度之间存在着显著的正相关;(3)学生学习效能感在教师关怀和学生的学业成绩之间起着部分中介作用,其中介效应值为0.25,并且学习效能感的两个维度中的学习能力效能感的中介效应(效应值为0.18)大于学习行为效能感(效应值为0.04)的中介效应.     

Teachers' self-efficacy beliefs as determinants of job satisfaction and students' academic achievement: A study at the school level

Teachers' self-efficacy beliefs were examined as determinants of their job satisfaction and students' academic achievement. Over 2000 teachers in 75 Italian junior high schools were administered self-report questionnaires to assess self-efficacy beliefs and their job satisfaction Students' average final grades at the end of junior high school were collected in two subsequent scholastic years. Structural equation modeling analyses corroborated a conceptual model in which teachers' personal efficacy beliefs affected their job satisfaction and students' academic achievement, controlling for previous levels of achievement.     

小学教师集体效能及其对自我效能功能的调节

通过对28所小学1299名教师的问卷调查,作者主要探讨了教师集体效能在解释学校间教师心理特征各方面差异时的重要性,及其对自我效能预测功能的调节作用。多层分析结果表明,（1）教师自我效能对教师心理特征各方面的表现有显著的预测作用,这一预测作用存在学校间的差异;（2）教师集体效能高的学校,教师的工作满意度、内在动机、工作投入、同事关系满意度平均较高,离职倾向较低;（3）教师集体效能对自我效能与工作满意度等心理特征各方面的关系有显著调节作用,集体效能高的学校,自我效能对教师心理特征诸方面表现的预测力较强     

Cultural expression and black students' attitudes toward high achievers

The authors of the present study have extended research by D. Marryshow that investigated African American students' attitudes toward 4 high achievers who differed in their approach to high achievement. D. Marryshow (1992) assessed students' social attitudes and perceptions of 4 high achievers with culturally distinct achievement orientations. In the present research, the authors assessed students' academic attitudes and perceptions of the same 4 high achievers. In addition, the present study includes Black children's predictions of their parents' and peers' attitudes toward these high achieving students. The results generally supported the authors' hypothesis that African American children would report a preference for students who achieve via attitudes and behaviors congruent with African American cultural values. The children also predicted that their parents and their Black peers would prefer these same African American culturally oriented high achievers. The findings suggest that Black children who prefer African American cultural modes of achievement may find themselves at odds with classroom demands geared toward learning in the mainstream cultural mode and thus may be at increased risk of academic failure.     

University students' Internet attitudes and Internet self-efficacy: a study at three universities in Taiwan.

This study was conducted to explore university students' attitudes and self-efficacy toward the Internet. Moreover, the relationships between their attitudes and self-efficacy toward the Internet were also investigated. The sample of this study included 1,313 students, coming from three universities in Taiwan. It was found that male students expressed significantly more positive attitudes than females on their "perceived control" of the Internet. The male students also revealed better Internet self-efficacy than their female counterparts. Moreover, students having more on-line hours per week, in general, displayed more positive Internet attitudes and Internet self-efficacy. In addition, students' grade level also played an important role in their Internet attitudes; graduate students tended to possess more positive Internet attitudes. More importantly, students' Internet attitudes were highly correlated with their Internet self-efficacy. The results in this study seemed to reveal that students' attitudes toward the Internet could be viewed as one of the important indicators for predicting their Internet self-efficacy. It is also suggested that some training programs or courses may be helpful in improving university students' attitudes and self-efficacy toward the Internet.     

教师共情对学生学业成绩的促进:基于动画叙述模拟测量的多层线性分析

以往研究认为教师共情能促进学生的社交能力和情绪的发展,但教师共情能否促进学生学业成绩呢?以往研究存在较多的分歧。本研究为进一步考察教师共情对学生学业成绩的作用,开发和运用针对教师职业特殊性的ANVs共情测量工具,采用准实验的方式,运用共情培训对20位实验组教师进行干预(另外20位教师作为控制组),同时收集相应实验组803名学生、控制组852名学生的期中、期末成绩,并采用多层线性的方式控制无关变量,关注学生原有成绩的影响,从而检验教师共情与学生学业成绩的关系。结果表明:(1)教师共情能力的提高能够促进学生学业成绩的提高;(2)在教师共情对学生学业成绩的促进作用中,学生原有成绩起到调节作用。     

Middle-school students of United Arab Emirates: effects of heterogeneous small group work on attitudes toward mathematics

This study compared the effects of two instructional strategies, small heterogeneous cooperative learning experience versus lecture and discussion, on students' attitudes toward mathematics. 54 boys and 57 girls in Grade 8 of four middle-school mathematics classes participated. Two classes (57 students) were taught using a cooperative learning method and the other two classes (54 students) were taught using traditional lecture and discussion. Differences between attitudes of boys and girls were also investigated and discussed in the light of Arabic culture. The results suggested that cooperative learning might be a valuable method with which to teach mathematics concepts to boys.     

Self-Efficacy and Burnout in Teaching: The Importance of Interpersonal-Relations Efficacy

This study investigated the association between perceived self-efficacy and burnout among teachers. Self-efficacy has been defined operationally based on a three-dimensional conceptualization: task, relations and organization. Efficacy variables were three classroom efficacy factors: instruction (task), discipline control (task), and consideration (relations), and two organizational efficacy factors: inclusion (task) and influence (relations). Burnout was measured as both a three-dimensional measure comprised of exhaustion, unaccomplishment and depersonalization, and as a single dimension (a composite score including all three dimensions). A sample of 322 Israeli teachers completed a self-report questionnaire. Multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) and multiple regression analysis were used. It was found that perceived sense of self-efficacy was inversely correlated with perceived burnout: the lower the sense of self-efficacy, the higher the perceived burnout. The salience of organizational influence efficacy, and consideration efficacy (both are relations efficacies) were noted as important variables in predicting exhaustion, unaccomplishment and depersonalization. Task efficacies (e.g., instruction, discipline control, and inclusion) had no significant or meaningful weight in statistically predicting burnout beyond the relations efficacies. The importance of the organizational self-efficacy (teachers' beliefs in their ability to influence social and political forces within the organization, involvement in planning and executing important activities, as well as ability to draw upon the organization's resources to provide support and assistance) was discussed.