DEN INRE VÄRLDEN OCH DESS SPRÅK

The uncanny presupposes a familiar reality from which standpoint the uncanny is perceived. It is argued that the uncanny plays a substantial rôle in the writings of H. C. Andersen. However this rôle is in the service of the familiar and pleasant. The subject is illustrated by two themes in H. C. Andersen's texts: “Manslaughter” and “The uncanny cave”.     

Ästhetische Befriedigung und Unbestimmtheitsreduktion

Zusammenfassung Vpn mußten unter standardisierten Bedingungen zweidimensionale Farbmuster herstellen, die ihrer Meinung nach ästhetisch maximal befriedigend, bzw. maximal unbefriedigend waren. Die beiden Gruppen von Bildern wurden untersucht, wobei sich eine Gruppe von ästhetisch befriedigenden und zwei Gruppen von ästhetisch unbefriedigenden Bildern zeigten. Eine weitere Analyse ergab, daß sich die ästhetisch befriedigenden Bilder von den ästhetisch unbefriedigenden statistisch darin unterscheiden, daß bei den ästhetisch befriedigenden Bildern die Farbelemente in hohem Maße zum Aufbau komplizierter und tiefer Hierarchien von Zeichen höherer Ordnung verwendet wurden, wohingegen bei den ästhetisch unbefriedigenden Mustern übergeordnete Konfigurationen entweder nur in einfacher Form und flachen Hierarchien auftreten (1. Gruppe) oder Zeichen höherer Ordnung gar nicht vorhanden sind (2. Gruppe). Aufgrund der empirischen Ergebnisse wird die Hypothese aufgestellt, daß ästhetische Befriedigung auf Unbestimmtheitsreduktion gegen Widerstand zurückgeführt werden kann. In einem nachfolgenden Experiment wurde diese Hypothese geprüft und bestätigt.

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Aesthetical appreciation and the reduction of uncertainty

Summary Subjects were asked to construct colored pictures which they considered to be aesthetically maximally pleasing or unpleasing. These two groups of pictures were analyzed and it was found that the aesthetically pleasing pictures showed a statistically significant increase in the number of higher order configurations of color elements and a greater hierarchical organization of such configurations. Furthermore, the higher order configurations of the aesthetically pleasing pictures were of a more complicated structure than the higher order configurations of the aesthetically unpleasing pictures. Considering these results, the hypothesis was raised that aesthetical appreciation may be based on the reduction of uncertainty against the resistance of a complicated system of ordering relations within a stimulus. This hypothesis was tested and verified in a subsequent experiment.

     

VANHASET. ESSEITÄ VANHENEMISESTA

The focus of this paper is on how the visual perception of an analysand reflects central inner object relations. The article raises the question of how to understand the analysand's visual perception. Is it merely projections of content? Of form? Or is it ingrained in the whole personality, and in that respect revealing a mode of functioning which spreads out to cognitive as well as emotional areas? In the analysand's visual constructions, figure- ground perception seems to be closely related to the process of separation and individuation. The shadow perception seems to be related to loss. As products of mentalisation, these perceptual tendencies seem to bind the affect at the level of imagery, which is a higher level of psychic transformation than somatic or motor activity, but lower than verbalisation.     

Johannes Daubert als Ästhetiker

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ein Husserlmanuskript über Ästhetik

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Suchttherapie bei abhängigen Ärzten

Background

International studies indicate an increased incidence of substance abuse disorders among physicians. This article investigates specific variables in the work field and describes existing treatment programs.

Patients and methods

In a cross-sectional study 107 physicians with and 468 without substance abuse disorders were compared. Two highly developed treatment programs in Germany and Canada are described.

Results

The high work-load associated with the medical work environment leads to reduced performance and social isolation. Treatment programs for addicted physicians work with the concept of ?help before restriction“. The abstinence rate of the 5-year Canadian program is over 90%.

Conclusions

As a form of prevention, medical students should be systematically informed about work-related stress in the medical profession. Structured treatment programs should be implemented nationwide. The expert team ?Risk of addiction in physicians“ of the German Addiction Foundation, whose members are authors of this article, may be a small step in this direction.     

Über Ähnlichkeit bei gesehenen Figuren

Ohne Zusammenfassung Mit 64 Textabbildungen. Für das Problem der Arbeit bin ich Herrn Prof.M. Wertheimer, für Rat und Hilfe Herrn Dozent Dr.W. Metzger zu gro?em Dank verpflichtet. (Dissertation der naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult?t Frankfurt a. M.)     

Ältere Menschen als Zeugen vor Gericht

This article provides an overview of the current empirical literature concerning older adults as eyewitnesses. Aging affects perception, memory and eyewitness testimony in many older adults (aged 65 years and above). As a group, they provide shorter accounts in free call, fewer correct and more incorrect details. Often they have to be asked more questions than young witnesses in order to obtain the same amount of information. Age differences have also been demonstrated for answers to questions. There are some promising attempts to improve older witnesses’ testimony, such as the Cognitive Interview. However, replication studies are still needed here. It remains unclear if older witnesses are generally more vulnerable to suggestions than young witnesses. There is some evidence that at least in some situations this seems to be the case. In photographic line-ups young and older adults show similar positive identification rates, but older adults have higher false alarm rates. When viewing mug books, older adults are more likely to make a choice than young adults, which can lead to higher rates of possibly false identification in a subsequent line-up. With increasing age age differences between young and old witnesses also increase. However there is considerable interindividual variation in witness performance: some witnesses are impacted by age early-on, while others remain highly functioning until very old age.     

Eine Welt ohne Individuelle EntitÄten?

A world without individual entities? An advice to not to extract immediate ontological consequences from quantum theory. Should we assume a world without individual entities? I pledge not to extract immediate ontological consequences from quantum theory. My intention is to focus on the complexity of ontological concepts commonly associated with quantum theory. Using as an example the compatibility of EPR correlations with the existence of individual entities, it is shown that an absolute rejection of an ontological category, based on some aspects of the formalism of quantum theory, does not seem reasonable. A consequence of this argument is that the common sense view – the world is composed of individual entities – can be maintained, despite of the particularities of quantum mechanics.     

Experimentelle Untersuchungen über qualitative Änderungen von Reproduktionsinhalten

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ästhetische Produktion als Zugang zum Zeitgefühl traumatisierter Patienten

Starting from Victor Hugo’s “La forme, c’est le fond qui remonte à la surface” I deliberate the question of applying this aesthetic principle to the individually varying experience of time. As an example of realization in the area of the arts, the work “The Clock” by the American Christian Marklay is evoked and its playful treatment of time retraced. Taking the five features mentioned in Ulrike Kadi?s article, in particular the disruption of the sequence of the narrative, disappearance of the subject and a production close to psychosis into account, I illustrate using clinical examples how conscious and unconscious aspects of time surface in the form of clinical symptoms that seek realization. The willingness to decipher these symptoms by way of resonance in an incremental, sometimes protracted process, places psychoanalytical understanding of the symptoms in tense contrast to a rapidly categorizing direct access to medical manuals.     

Über Halluzinationen infolge von Änderungen des Kohlensäuredrucks

Ohne Zusammenfassung