BRIEF REPORT

This study examined the different facets of emotional intelligence, alexithymia, and mood awareness. Undergraduate students (N = 129) completed the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and the Mood Awareness Scale (MAS). A factor analysis revealed two dimensions, attention to and clarity of emotions, that cut across all three instruments. These two dimensions were differentially associated with personality, as measured by the neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience portions of the NEO-FFI, and with performance on an emotional Stroop task. We discuss the implications for the conceptualisation of broad constructs such as emotional intelligence and alexithymia, as well as the potential utility of more narrowly defined individual differences.     

BRIEF REPORT

The effects of masking task load on latent inhibition (LI, poorer learning for a previously exposed irrelevant stimulus than for a novel stimulus) were examined as a function of levels of schizotypality. With low load, LI was present in low schizotypal but not high schizotypal participants. With high load, LI was abolished in low schizotypal, but was present in high schizotypal participants. The data support a distraction rather than a resource limitation model of attentional dysfunction in high schizotypal normals. Implications of the model for understanding the attentional dysfunction in schizophrenia are discussed.     

BRIEF REPORT

We employed a psychophysiological marker of directed attention (the visual scanpath) to investigate visuocognitive processing of particular facial expressions in healthy individuals (N = 47). Visual scanpaths were recorded using video-oculography while subjects viewed digitised photographs of threat-related (fear, anger) and nonthreat (sad, happy, neutral) facial expressions. Hypotheses regarding the existence of a differential viewing strategy for threat-related facial expressions were based upon the adaptive significance of rapid detection and effective appraisal of social threat from conspecific face stimuli. When compared with each of the nonthreat faces, viewing strategies for expressions of anger and fear were characterised by increased distance between fixations (extended scanning), with more fixations, of longer duration, to feature areas of these faces. The extended scanning style suggests that threat-related faces evoke a "vigilant" style of scanning, whereby longer saccadic eye movements may reflect heightened autonomic responses to threat, while the increased foveal attention to feature areas of threat-related faces may facilitate cognitive appraisal of the personal significance and direction of impending threat. These results suggest the existence of distinct visuocognitive patterns for processing threat-related facial expressions, in response to the evolutionary advantage of detecting and appraising social threat.     

BRIEF REPORT

Fascination for extremely negative scenes was examined by exposing 152 students to pictures of September 11 attacks 8 months after their occurrence. Participants rated their orientation toward the pictures, their felt emotions, and their self and world views. Factor analysis of the orientation items yielded three clusters. Fascination characterized 32.9% of respondents; it was related only to attention and interest. Rejection (23%) involved aversion for the pictures and related thoughts; it was correlated to dysphoric emotions and to motivational depletion. Ambivalence (20.4%) was related to attention and interest, to most specific negative emotions, to an inclination to process the pictures cognitively and interpersonally, and to indices of enhanced social reliance and personal growth. These results are discussed in reference to various relevant theoretical models.     

BRIEF REPORT

The aim of this study was to explore the impact of quantifiers on depressed future thinking. Universal quantifiers, such as all and none, express bleak expectations and their global nature suggests no alternatives or exceptions (e.g., “ None of the future will be happy; all of it will be bleak”). We hypothesised that less extreme quantifiers would access alternative future perspectives. Depressed participants with high levels of hopelessness generated continuations to sentence stems that quantified different amounts of future time. Averaging over conditions, the depressed were more negative than never-depressed controls, but differences were attenuated in response to the quantifier some —the depressed were more positive and less negative under this condition (e.g., “ Some of the future…will be good”). By differentiating subsets of the future, some produced contrasts with negative global models and accessed positive alternatives.     

BRIEF REPORT

The emotional Stroop task has been widely used to examine attentional bias in a variety of psychological disorders. In one format of this task, words are presented to participants in a mixed randomised or quasi-randomised sequence. We present data from two independent studies involving smokers, the results of which show that words appearing after smoking-related items in the mixed sequence are responded to more slowly than words appearing after neutral items. These carry-over effects may reduce the size of emotional Stroop effects on the mixed Stroop task. We discuss the implications of these carry-over effects for research using the emotional Stroop task.     

REVIEWS

CHRISTIAN THEISM: A study of its Basic Principles, by Huw Parri Owen. T. & T. Clark , Edinburgh. 1984. pp
ETERNAL LIFE? by Hans Küng. Translated by Edward Quinn. Collins , London, 1984. Pp
INTRODUCTION TO THE OLD TESTAMENT by Werner H. Schmidt, SCM , london 1984, pp
DARWIN AND THE SPIRIT OF MAN by Alister Hardy, Collins , London, 1984, pp
THE JOY OF ALL CREATION An Anglican Meditation on the Place of Mary by A.M. Allchin. DLT. 1984. pp
CONSCIOUSNESS AND CAUSALITY by D.M. Armstrong and Norman Malcolm. Oxford: Blackwell , 1984. pp
PURE LUST: ELEMENTAL FEMINIST PHILOSOPHY, by Mary Daly. Beacon Press. Boston, USA
ROSEMARY RADFORD RUETHER
EXPERIENCE, EXPLANATION AND FAITH: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION, by Anthony O'Hear. Routledge & Kegan Paul , 1984. Pp
WHY BELIEVE IN GOD? by Peter Lee. Beckett Publications. Oxford, 1984. Pp     

REVIEWS

Book Review in this Articles:
ALEXANDER GEDDES: PIONEER OF BIBLICAL CRITICISM, by Reginald C. Fuller
SEASONS OF THE SPIRIT—Readings through the Christian Year; selected and edited by George Every
THE LAY-CENTRED CHURCH by Leonard Doohan
PEOPLE OF GOD by Anton Houtepen
THE BIRTH OF PURGATORY by Jacques Le Goff
IN VITRO VERITAS: MORE TRACTS FOR OUR TIMES. Edited by Tom Sutcliffe and Peter Moore
THE CHURCH IS ALL OF YOU—THOUGHTS OF ARCHBISHOP OSCAR ROMERO, (translated and compiled by James Brockman SJ)     

REVIEWS

RECONCILING by John Coventry SJ.
BEFORE ABRAHAM WAS: THE UNITY OF GENESIS, 1–11. Isaac Kikawada and Arthur Quinn.
WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO GOD? FEMINISM AND THE RECONSTRUCTION OF CHRISTIAN BELIEF. William Oddie.
BUTLER'S LIVES OF THE SAINTS, concise edition edited by Michael Walsh.
A HISTORY OF PROPHECY IN ISRAEL. Joseph Blenkinsopp.
THE SCHILLEBEECKX CASE, edited with an introduction and notes by Ted Schoof; translated by M.J. O'Connell.     

REVIEWS

Book Reviews in this Articles:
ARISTOTELIAN APORETIC ONTOLOGY IN ISLAMIC AND CHRISTIAN THINKERS, by Edward Booth O.P.
THE INTERPRETATION OF MATTHEW edited by Graham Stanton.
VISIONARIES AND THEIR APOCALYPSES, edited by Paul Hanson.
ALAN OF LILLE: THE FRONTIERS OF THEOLOGY IN THE LATER TWELFTH CENTURY by G.R. Evans.     

REVIEWS

Book Reviews in this Articles:
THE NEW TESTAMENT WORLD: Insights from Cultural Anthropology by Bruce J Molina.
YESTERDAY AND TODAY: A Study of Continuities in Christology by Colin E Gunton
OPTION FOR THE POOR: A Hundred Years of Vatican Social Teaching by Donal Dorr.
FAITH AND REASON, by Anthony Kenny.     

REVIEWS

St Anselm's‘Proslogion’with‘A Reply on Behalf of the Foo? by Gaunilo and‘The Author's Reply to Gaunilo’. Translated with an introduction and philosophical commentary by M. J. Charlesworth . Christian Discourse. Some Logical Explorations. By Ian Ramsey . Philosophy and Religion. By Axel Hägerström . Translated by Robert T. Sandin . Spirit as Inquiry. Studies in Honour of Bernard Lonergan, S.J. Edited by Frederick E. Crowe , s.j. The Existential Background of Human Dignity. By Gabriel Marcel . The Moral Teaching of the New Testament. By Rudolf Schnackenburg . The Power and the Wisdom. By John L. Mc Kenzie . Christ in Christian Tradition. Alois Grillmeder , s.j. Translated by J. S. Bowden . The Athanasian Creed. J. N. D. Kelly , d.d. St Jerome as a Satirist. By David S. Wiesen . Early Thomistic School. By Frederick J. Roensch . Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By D. S. Chambers The Dangerous Queen. By Francis Edwards , s.j. Commentarios al Codigo de Derecho Canonico. Vols I-IV. The Politics of Johannes Althusius. Translated and abridged by Frederick S. Carney . With a Preface by Carl J. Friedrich . No Rusty Swords. Letters, Lectures and Notes 1928–1936 (from the collected works). By Dietrich Bonhoeffer . Edited and introduced by Edwin H. Robertson . Translated by Edwin H. Robertson and John Bowden . The New Reformation? By John A. T. Robinson . The Secularization of Christianity. By E. L. Mascall . Die Arnoldshainer Abendmahlsthesen. By W. L. Boelens , s.j.     

REVIEWS

The Moral Philosophy of Josiah Royce. By Peter Fuss . French Moralists. The Theory of the Passions 1585 to 1649. By Anthony Levi , S. J. Responsibility and Practical Freedom. By Moira Roberts . Lettre sur la Tolérance. By John Locke . Latin text with French translation by Raymond Polin. Force et Faiblesse de la Religion. By B. Häring c.ss.r. The Just War in St Thomas and G‘otius. By Joan Tooke . Morale Internationale, I'Humanitéà la Recherche de son Âme. By René Coste . The Making of a Mind. Letters from a Soldier-Priest, 1914–1919. By Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Translated by René Hague . Hymn of the Univers. By Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Translted by Simon Bartholomew . The Future of Man. By Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Translated by Norman Denny . The Faith of Teilhard de Chardin. By Henri de Lubac. Translated by René Hague . Philosophische Probleme der Physik. By Wolfgang Büchel . Bernard de Fontaines, Abbé de Clairvaux. By I. Vallery-Radot. Aquinas's Search for Wisdom. By Vernon J. Bourke . L'Évangélisation des Slaves, Cyrille et Méthode. By P. Duthilleul . Personalities of the Council of Florence. By Joseph Gill , S.J. A Stand on Ecumenism: The Council's Decree. By Lorenz , Cardinal Jaeger . Translated by Hilda Graef . Marcantonio Flaminio. By Carol Maddison. St Thomas More: Utopia. Edited by Edward Surtz and J. H. Hexter. Education in Renaissance England. By Kenneth Charlton. Offenbarung und Überlieferung. By Karl Rahner and Joseph Ratzinger. The Theology of the Resurrection. By Walter Künneth . The Son of Man in the Synoptic Tradition. By H. E. Tödt . Maria. Nouvelles Études sur la Sainte Vierge. Vol. VII. Sous la direction d'Hubert du Manoir, S.J.     

REVIEWS

Reviews in This Article
DEADLY INNOCENCE: FEMINISM AND THE MYTHOLOGY OF SIN, by Angela West, Mowbray, 1995, 218 pp.
ARISTOTLE'S ECONOMIC THOUGHT by Scott Meikle. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1995, Pp
THE ELDERS by R.AIastair Campbell, T& T Clark 1994. Pp
THE DOUBLE MESSAGE by Turid Karlsen Seim T & T Clark 1994. Pp     

REVIEWS

Reviews in This Article
CHRIST THE FORM OF BEAUTY: A STUDY IN THEOLOGY AND LITERATURE BY Franceses Aran Murphy. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1995 pp
A VISION BETRAYED. THE JESUITS IN JAPAN AND CHINA, 1542-1742. By Andrew C. Ross. Edinburgh University Press, 1994. pp
RELIGIOUS TRUTH FOR OUR TIME by William Montgomery Watt. One World Press, Oxford 1995 Pp     

REVIEWS

Reviews in This Article
THE MORAL CASE AGAINST RELIGIOUS BELIEF by R. A. Sharpe SCM Press, London, 1997, pp
LIBERATING CONSCIENCE: Feminist Explorations in Moral Theology by Anne E. Patrick; SCM Press     

REVIEWS

The Death of the Messiah: From Gethsemane to the Grave. A Commentary on the Passion Narratives of the Four Gospels, Raymond E. Brown Opening Minds: Some Thoughts on Work with Children and Young People in the Religious Society of Friends, Sue Collins Finding and Following: Talking with Children about God, Helen Oppenheimer Dark Symbols, Obscure Signs: God, Self and Community in the Slave Mind, Riggins R. Earl Jr The Resurrection of Jesus, Gerd Ludemann The Disabled God: Towards a Liberation Theology of Disability, Nancy L. Eisland Received Wisdom: Reviewing the Role of Tradition in Christian Ethics, Bernard Hoose A History of the Early Church, Norbert Brox Ascent to Heaven in Jewish and Christian Apocalypses, M. Himmelfarb Prophecy and the Apocalyptic Dream: Protest and Promise, D. S. Russell Daniel (Hermeneia Commentaries), J. J. Collins Befriending Our Desires, Philip Sheldrake The Future of Prophetic Christianity: Essays in Honor of Robert McAfee Brown, Denise Lardner Carmody and John Tuily (eds) What is Catholicism? An Anglican Response to the Official Teaching of the Roman Catholic Church, David L. Edwards Reclaiming Dietrich Bonhoeffen The Promise of His Theology, Charles Marsh Resurrection: Essays in Honour of Leslie Houlden, Stephen Barton and Graham Stanton (eds) Humanity, Environment and God, Glasgow Centenary Gifford Lectures, Neil Spurway (ed.) Changing the Subject: Women's Discourses and Feminist Theology, Mary McClintockFulkerson Paul: An Introduction to His Thought, C. K. Barrett Anglicans and Roman Catholics: The Search for Unity, Christopher Hill and Edward Yarnold SJ (eds) Reimagining Denominationalism: Interpretive Essays, Robert Bruce Mullin and Russell E. Richey (eds)