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1.
This essay discusses engineering ethics in Puerto Rico by examining the impact of the Colegio de Ingenieros y Agrimensores de Puerto Rico (CIAPR) and by outlining the constellation of problems and issues identified in workshops and retreats held with Puerto Rican engineers. Three cases developed and discussed in these workshops will help outline movements in engineering ethics beyond the compliance perspective of the CIAPR. These include the Town Z case, Copper Mining in Puerto Rico, and a hypothetical case researched by UPRM students on laptop disposal. The last section outlines four future challenges in engineering ethics pertinent to the Puerto Rican situation. 相似文献
2.
Monk J 《Science and engineering ethics》2009,15(1):111-123
This paper describes four plays which illustrate ethical themes relevant to engineers and which could be used as a resource
for engineers who wish to explore ethical topics and their relationship with professional practice. The plays themselves have
been chosen because a character in the play is involved in engineering activities. Each play is analysed to highlight some
of the ethical issues the play raises. Often ethical topics are presented in abstract terms but the plays relate ethical issues
to individuals and individual actions in specific situations that connect either directly or figuratively to practical situations
engineers find themselves in. The paper describes how the resources have or could be used in an educational programme. 相似文献
3.
Ethicists and others who study and teach the social implications of science and technology are faced with a formidable challenge
when they seek to address “emerging technologies.” The topic is incredibly important, but difficult to grasp because not only
are the precise issues often unclear, what the technology will ultimately look like can be difficult to discern. This paper
argues that one particularly useful way to overcome these difficulties is to engage with their natural science and engineering
colleagues in laboratories. Through discussions and interactions with these colleagues ethicists can simultaneously achieve
three important objectives. First they can get a great deal of assistance in their research into the social implications of
future technologies by talking with people that are actively creating those futures. Second their presence in the lab and
the discussions that result can be a very powerful method for educating not only students, but faculty about the ramifications
of their work. And third, because the education is directly linked to the students’ everyday work it is likely that it will
not just be a theoretical exercise, but have direct impact on their practice.
相似文献
Jameson M. Wetmore (Corresponding author)Email: |
4.
Bouville M 《Science and engineering ethics》2008,14(1):111-120
Many engineering ethics classes and textbooks introduce theories such as utilitarianism and Kantianism (and most others draw from these theories without mentioning them explicitly). Yet using ethical theories to teach engineering ethics is not devoid of difficulty. First, their status is unclear (should one pick a single theory or use them all? does it make a difference?) Also, textbooks generally assume or fallaciously ‘prove’ that egoism (or even simply accounting for one’s interests) is wrong. Further, the drawbacks of ethical theories are underestimated and the theories are also otherwise misrepresented to make them more suitable for engineering ethics as the authors construe it, viz. the ‘moral reasoning’ process. Stating in what various theories disagree would allow the students to frame the problem more productively in terms of motive–consequence or society–individual dichotomies rather than in terms of Kant–utilitarian. 相似文献
5.
Current psychologies of religion reflect the modernist context in which they are situated. Religion is reduced to what is
researchable, generalizable, individual and “thin.” This essay suggests that a psychology of religion which takes seriously
the implications of Emmanuel Levinas’s emphasis on ethics and the alterity of the Other would result in a different model
of psychotherapy. Levinas’s view of the Other as the trace of the transcendent radically changes our understanding of the
client within the therapeutic relationship. Levinas begins with ethics and so healing would be, by implication, an ethical
enterprise. In a highly secularized, individualized, objectivized culture, a therapy which recognizes the sacred, which models
how to view the Other as transcendent, and which does not presume to know, is a gift to the client. 相似文献
6.
7.
Jung H. Lee 《The Journal of religious ethics》2019,47(4):781-788
I present a brief historical narrative of the legacy of Christian ethics in comparative religious ethics (CRE) that attempts to make sense of the tensions within the field from the perspective of the politics of identity with reference to its changing content and practices—its internal history—and what might be called the background conditions—its external history—that shaped not only the content and methods of CRE but also its self‐understanding. Given the politics of Christian identity and the historical development of religious ethics within the American academy, I recommend that scholars of CRE adopt a more confessional mode of inquiry that makes explicit their ultimate commitments. 相似文献
8.
我所了解的英国医学伦理学教育 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
戴庆康 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2003,24(12):25-28,40
英国的医学伦理学教学强调病人的主体化和“去客体化”.关注病人权利,尤其是弱势群体的权益。融入法律等其他学科的内容,注重跨学科的教学与交流。这样一种教学理念是符合医学伦理学的人文属性。值得我们借鉴。 相似文献
9.
On Enrolling More Female Students in Science and Engineering 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Bouville M 《Science and engineering ethics》2008,14(2):279-290
Many people hold this truth to be self-evident that universities should enroll more female students in science and engineering; the main question then being how. Typical arguments include possible benefits to women, possible benefits to the economy, and the unfairness of the current female under-representation. However, when clearly stated and scrutinized these arguments in fact lead to the conclusion that there should be more women in scientific disciplines in higher education in the sense that we should expect more women (which various kinds of discrimination may prevent), not that we should actively enroll more women. Outreach programs towards high school students may therefore be logically incompatible with the arguments supposed to justify them. They should purport to allow women to graduate in a field congruent with her abilities and desires, rather than try to draw as many of them to scientific disciplines as possible: one cannot try to 'recruit' as many female students as possible while claiming to help them choose more freely. 相似文献
10.
Ethics and Nanotechnology: Views of Nanotechnology Researchers 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Robert McGinn 《Nanoethics》2008,2(2):101-131
A study was conducted of nanotechnology (NT) researchers’ views about ethics in relation to their work. By means of a purpose-built
questionnaire, made available on the Internet, the study probed NT researchers’ general attitudes toward and beliefs about
ethics in relation to NT, as well as their views about specific NT-related ethical issues. The questionnaire attracted 1,037
respondents from 13 U.S. university-based NT research facilities. Responses to key questionnaire items are summarized and
noteworthy findings presented. For most respondents, the ethical responsibilities of NT researchers are not limited to those
related to safety and integrity in the laboratory. Most believe that NT researchers also have specific ethical responsibilities
to the society in which their research is done and likely to be applied. NT appears to be one of the first areas of contemporary
technoscientific activity in which a long-standing belief is being seriously challenged: the belief that society is solely
responsible for what happens when a researcher’s work, viewed as neutral and merely enabling, is applied in a particular social
context. Survey data reveal that most respondents strongly disagree with that paradigmatic belief. Finally, an index gauging
NT researcher sensitivity to ethics and ethical issues related to NT was constructed. A substantial majority of respondents
exhibited medium or high levels of sensitivity to ethics in relation to NT. Although most respondents view themselves as not
particularly well informed about ethics in relation to NT, a substantial majority are aware of and receptive to ethical issues
related to their work, and believe that these issues merit consideration by society and study by current and future NT practitioners.
相似文献
Robert McGinnEmail: |
11.
12.
Societal pressures, accreditation organizations, and licensing agencies are emphasizing the importance of ethics in the engineering
curriculum. Traditionally, this subject has been taught using dogma, heuristics, and case study approaches. Most recently
a number of organizations have sought to increase the utility of these approaches by utilizing the Internet. Resources from
these organizations include on-line courses and tests, videos, and DVDs. While these individual approaches provide a foundation
on which to base engineering ethics, they may be limited in developing a student’s ability to identify, analyze, and respond
to engineering ethics situations outside of the classroom environment. More effective approaches utilize a combination of
these types of approaches. This paper describes the design and development of an internet based interactive Simulator for
Engineering Ethics Education. The simulator places students in first person perspective scenarios involving different types
of ethical situations. Students must gather data, assess the situation, and make decisions. This requires students to develop
their own ability to identify and respond to ethical engineering situations. A limited comparison between the internet based
interactive simulator and conventional internet web based instruction indicates a statistically significant improvement of
32% in instructional effectiveness. The simulator is currently being used at the University of Houston to help fulfill ABET
requirements. 相似文献
13.
This article looks at the public debate which took place in the first half of the twentieth century and has repercussions
to the present day. It was about the ethical stance of scientists, and how science should be organized. In particular, it
examines the positions taken by Professor F. Soddy, F.R.S. and Nobel Laureate, who stressed the responsibility of scientists
for the uses made of their research, Professor Michael Polanyi, F.R.S., who emphasised the obligation of scientists to the
truth and the essential role of morality in the organization of science, and Professor J.D.Bernal, F.R.S., who insisted that
science was practised for utilitarian reasons and should be consciously developed for the good of society. 相似文献
14.
15.
Beamon BM 《Science and engineering ethics》2005,11(2):221-234
Environmentally Conscious Supply Chain Management (ECSCM) refers to the control exerted over all immediate and eventual environmental
effects of products and processes associated with converting raw materials into final products. While much work has been done
in this area, the focus has traditionally been on either: product recovery (recycling, remanufacturing, or re-use) or the
product design function only (e.g., design for environment). Environmental considerations in manufacturing are often viewed
as separate from traditional, value-added considerations. However, the case can be made that professional engineers have an
ethical responsibility to consider the immediate and eventual environmental impacts of products and processes that they design
and/or manage. This paper describes ECSCM as a component of engineering ethics, and highlights the major issues associated
with ethical decision-making in supply chain management. 相似文献
16.
Sam A. Hardy Amber R. C. Nadal Seth J. Schwartz 《Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research》2017,17(2):96-107
The present study investigated the relative roles of identity structure (i.e., personal identity) and identity contents (i.e., religious identity and moral identity) in predicting emerging adults’ prosocial and antisocial behaviors. The sample included 9,495 college students. A variable-centered analysis (path analysis) used personal identity, religious identity, and moral identity as predictors of prosocial and antisocial behavior and tested interactions of personal identity with religious identity and moral identity. Moral identity was the strongest predictor of both behaviors, and religious identity and moral identity both interacted with personal identity in predicting antisocial behavior. A person-centered analysis (latent profile analysis) found three classes: integrated, moral identity–focused, and religious identity–focused, with integrated being most adaptive on both outcomes. 相似文献
17.
Seumas Miller 《Philosophia》2009,37(2):185-201
The last few decades have seen a dramatic increase in concern with matters of ethics in all areas of public life. This ‘applied
turn’ in ethics raises important issues not only of focus, but also of methodology. Sometimes a moral end or moral feature
is designed into an institution or technology; sometimes a morally desirable outcome is the fortuitous, but unintended, consequence
of an institutional arrangement or technological invention. If designing-in ethics is the new methodological orientation for
applied ethics, globalisation is providing many of the practical ethical problems upon which to deploy this methodology.
This is a revised version of an article that was presented at the 2007 Applied Ethics Conference in Sapporo, Japan, hosted
by the University of Hokkaido. Thanks to Jeroen van den Hoven for the key idea of ‘designing-in-ethics’. 相似文献
18.
19.
Melissa Xue‐Ling Chang Jolanda Jetten Tegan Cruwys Catherine Haslam 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2017,27(1):16-34
The present research interrogates the greater tendency for Chinese people to somaticize depression relative to Westerners. Drawing from a social identity perspective, three studies were conducted examining the role that cultural norms play in symptom expression. In an initial study, we confirmed greater somatization, minimization of distress and suppression of emotional expression among Chinese participants compared with Australians (Study 1). Asian normative expectations of collectivism moderated these effects such that somatization was higher among those who endorsed collectivism norms, but only among Chinese participants. Studies 2a and 2b found that only when Asian participants identified strongly with Asian culture did collectivism norms predict somatic symptoms. These findings have implications for practitioners working with people from Asian cultures, highlighting that it is not culture per se, but the endorsement of normative expectations in the context of strong identification with cultural groups that predicts which symptoms of depression are emphasized. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
McArthur D 《Science and engineering ethics》2009,15(1):69-79
All agree that if the Milgram experiments were proposed today they would never receive approval from a research ethics board.
However, the results of the Milgram experiments are widely cited across a broad range of academic literature from psychology
to moral philosophy. While interpretations of the experiments vary, few commentators, especially philosophers, have expressed
doubts about the basic soundness of the results. What I argue in this paper is that this general approach to the experiments
might be in error. I will show that the ethical problems that would prevent the experiments from being approved today actually
have an effect on the results such that the experiments might show less than many currently suppose. Making this case demonstrates
two conclusions. The first is that there are good reasons to think that the conclusions of many of Milgram’s commentators
might be too strong. The second conclusion is a more general one. The ethics procedures commonly used by North American research
ethics boards serve not only to protect human participants in research but also can sometimes help secure, to an extent, the
integrity of results. In other words, good ethics can sometimes mean better science.
相似文献
Dan McArthurEmail: |