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1.
Ansari A 《Science and engineering ethics》2001,7(1):105-115
Experience with a group of mechanical engineering seniors at the University of Colorado led to an informal experiment with
engineering students in India. An attempt was made to qualitatively gauge the students’ ability to appreciate a worldview
different from the standard engineering worldview—that of a mechanical universe. Qualitative differences between organic and
mechanical systems were used as a point of discussion. Both groups were found to exhibit distinct thought and behavior patterns
which provide important clues for sensitizing engineers to environmental issues in future educational initiatives. Cross-cultural
and global dimensions of these initiatives are discussed. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT This paper explores the cross-cultural organisational adaptation of host religious organisations through their interaction with non-Christian Chinese international students in the UK. Grounded in Kim’s integrative adaptation theory, the research employed the methods of participant observation, interviews and document analysis to examine the interaction of international students with two specific churches (part of the Church of Scotland). The study found that in order to provide international engagement, the churches in question underwent cross-cultural organisational adaptation and transformation with a consideration of the cultural differences and the needs of Chinese students in intercultural communication, including in terms of multicultural team building, the improvement of intercultural competence and adaptive religious practices. These adaptive transformations or ‘customised services’ attracted and engaged large numbers of Chinese students in the intercultural interaction surrounding congregations. The cultural adaptation of host congregations contributes to the quality of social support for international students as well as the intercultural expansion of Christian values and beliefs throughout the trend of student mobility. 相似文献
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Pedro-Viejo AB 《Psicothema》2008,20(4):551-556
The adoption waiting period is a powerful stressor that can affect the well-being and configuration of future family life. Adoption research and practice have not paid enough attention to this phase. The principal aim of this study is to address prospective adoptive parents' experience of and coping with this period. For this purpose, 63 families answered a feelings scale, a coping resources scale and a needs questionnaire, all elaborated for the study. Results show that a shorter length of waiting time, using cognitive and learning coping strategies and associative participation were related to a better general experience of adoption whereas process-centred strategies were related to a worse experience of adoption. Families would like to see more speed in the process, more warmth and humanity in their relation with institutions and better information about their expedients. We conclude by proposing some activities and services during the waiting period that could be useful for post adoption. 相似文献
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Hülya Kosar Altinyelken Lianne Hoek Lina Jiang 《British Journal of Guidance & Counselling》2020,48(4):524-536
ABSTRACT In this study we analysed the potential of a mindfulness programme for improving psychosocial wellbeing among students at a Dutch university. Based on interviews and observations of sessions, the study demonstrated that students joined the programme to manage stress and anxiety, cultivate self-awareness, and regulate difficult emotions. They all reported positive outcomes, but students who participated in the sessions regularly and did the homework assignments reported better outcomes, including enhanced self-awareness, self-care, and positive attitudes towards others. Although students reported improved emotion regulation, many still believed that the programme was less strong in this area. The study affirms the potential of mindfulness programmes for improving the psychosocial wellbeing, and builds a case for the integration of mindfulness interventions in university counselling services. 相似文献
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Loss of empathy has been reported in medical students as they move through the clinical phases of their training. Several researchers have attempted to address this issue by exploring ways of heightening students’ awareness of the emotional, non-biomedical aspects of illness and the dynamics of the doctor–patient relationship, using a variety of reflective group discussion methods. This pilot project employed the specific group method developed by Michael Balint for general practitioners working in London after the Second World War. The pilot was based on one group of six third-year graduate students, meeting weekly over six weeks. Evaluation includes pre- and post-questionnaires, a 1000-word essay and leaders’ observations. The results suggest that the traditional Balint method needs to be modified for students at a point in their training where they have not yet been exposed to patients for long enough to develop meaningful patient relationships. Nevertheless, there was some evidence of a heightened awareness of the dynamics of doctor–patient relationships and the importance of psychological/emotional factors (including their own prejudices) when interacting with a patient. Balint-style groups could be an effective way of encouraging medical students to reflect on the importance of emotions in the doctor–patient relationship. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cognitive Psychology》2013,25(6):771-779
Peng and Nisbett found that Chinese people are more apt to engage in dialectical thinking (DT) than Americans. We gave the Dialectical Self Scale questionnaire and 10 pairs of opposing opinions to high school and university students of Japanese, Chinese, and British nationality. We asked them to fill in the questionnaire, to rate how strongly they agreed with each opinion, and to rate how wise it is to think dialectically. The scores on the questionnaire were higher among Easterners than among Westerners and higher among university students than among high school students. But the results of opinion agreement indicated that the dialectical tendency was stronger among the Chinese and British than among the Japanese. Furthermore, however, Japanese participants judged DT as wiser than Chinese and British did, and Chinese university students believed it was wiser than Chinese high school students did. We propose that this effect is attributed to Marxist education in China. 相似文献
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S. Anandavalli John J. S. Harrichand Shalini Mathew 《Journal of Employment Counseling》2023,60(1):31-41
Despite rapidly increasing presence of international students seeking career guidance and opportunities in the United States, existing counseling literature offers limited perspectives on how counselors can support this community using strengths-based and culturally responsive approaches. Addressing this long-standing gap, we offer this conceptual scholarship discussing career mapping as a dialogical and critical-constructivist strategy for career counselors to help international students understand their life story, strengths, and barriers in the context of career development, and plan their actions accordingly. Implications for practice are also offered. 相似文献
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Sagar Sharma Shahla Parnian Charles D. Spielberger 《Personality and individual differences》1983,4(1):117-120
This study compared the test anxiety levels of Iranian (N = 160) and Indian (N = 160) school and college students. Significant main effects of Culture, Educational Level and Sex indicated that the Iranian students had higher Test Anxiety scores than their Indian counterparts, and females reported higher test anxiety than males. A significant Culture x Educational Level x Sex interaction revealed, however, that level of education had opposite effects within the Indian culture: Indian school females reported more test anxiety than their college counterparts; Indian college males had higher test anxiety than their school counterparts. Iranian school males and females both reported higher test anxiety than their college counterparts. Tricultural differences in the test anxiety levels of comparable student groups in Iran, India and the U.S. were interpreted as reflecting East-West cultural factors that influenced reactions to objective examinations, resulting in greater test anxiety in Eastern cultures. 相似文献
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State and trait anxiety: A cross-cultural comparison of Chinese and Caucasian students in Canada 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chinese people immigrating to North America are subject to specific Stressors in moving to a new country, and, furthermore,
these factors interact with their cultural background to produce higher levels of anxiety than are commonly believed to exist.
The present study compared the responses of 60 Chinese and 60 Caucasian Canadian students to questionnaires measuring multidimensional
trait and state anxiety. As predicted, the Chinese students endorsed significantly higher levels of trait anxiety for ambiguous
situations and daily routines than did the Caucasians. Moreover, they were also significantly more likely than the Caucasians
to rate the research situation as being ambiguous and threatening. Of all the possible background variables tested, English
fluency was the single most powerful covariate that was predictive of the results, with those students who indicated a lowered
English proficiency tending to score higher across all four facets of trait anxiety. As the Chinese students were also significantly
more likely than the Caucasians to indicate a lower level of English fluency, the present results are supportive of the likelihood
that lack of familiarity with the adopted culture and language may contribute to adjustment difficulties in Chinese immigrants.
This paper is based in part on an M.A. thesis in psychology at York University by the first author under the supervision of
the second author. This research was supported in part by a research grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council of Canada (SSHRC) to the second author (Grant No. 410-94-1473). 相似文献
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Merry C. Lin Norman S. Endler Nancy L. Kocovski 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2001,20(1):95-111
Chinese people immigrating to North America are subject to specific Stressors in moving to a new country, and, furthermore, these factors interact with their cultural background to produce higher levels of anxiety than are commonly believed to exist. The present study compared the responses of 60 Chinese and 60 Caucasian Canadian students to questionnaires measuring multidimensional trait and state anxiety. As predicted, the Chinese students endorsed significantly higher levels of trait anxiety for ambiguous situations and daily routines than did the Caucasians. Moreover, they were also significantly more likely than the Caucasians to rate the research situation as being ambiguous and threatening. Of all the possible background variables tested, English fluency was the single most powerful covariate that was predictive of the results, with those students who indicated a lowered English proficiency tending to score higher across all four facets of trait anxiety. As the Chinese students were also significantly more likely than the Caucasians to indicate a lower level of English fluency, the present results are supportive of the likelihood that lack of familiarity with the adopted culture and language may contribute to adjustment difficulties in Chinese immigrants. 相似文献
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A comparative cross-national study investigating the level of experience with community interpersonal violence, level of psychological distress, and the relationship between exposure and distress among adolescents is presented. Participants were 617 first-year college students comprising African Americans and Jamaican Americans living in New York City, and Jamaicans living in Kingston, Jamaica. The three groups are similar in terms of age, gender, educational level, and race; they differ in location of residence, culture, and immigration status. Location of residence is related to exposure; immigration status is related to distress; but culture is not related to vulnerability when exposed. The effect size of the relationship between exposure and distress appears to be robust across variations in culture, amount of exposure, and level of distress. 相似文献
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Trisha Waters 《Psychodynamic Practice》2013,19(3):343-358
speak out. The relation of such therapeutic work to the special educational needs requirements in inclusive mainstream schools is also discussed. 相似文献
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Diane Coulombe William L. Roberts 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2001,2(4):561-579
To compare the French-as-a-second-language learning experience of anglophones (n=187) and allophones (n=61), demographic and background information, selfevaluations, data on language anxiety, and final grades are analysed for students taking first-, second-, and third-year French courses at a Canadian university. It was found that both groups share more characteristics than they differ in the process of learning a second language. More important, they experience comparable anxiety levels, and their final grades in language courses do not differ significantly. 相似文献