Arbeitsbelastung und Lebenszufriedenheit von Psychotherapeuten

First, different sorts of strains resulting from psychotherapeutic work are discussed and from this, consequences for psychotherapeutic work are drawn. The second part of the article refers to the personal problems of psychotherapists and illustrates to what extent these problems may interfere with the psychotherapeutic process.     

Psychotherapeuten und Internet

Background

Communication is part and parcel of every interaction. This raises the question of the role of modern media in mental health care. The aim of this explorative study was to investigate the use of modern media in the clinical practice.

Material and methodology

In an Internet survey 234 psychotherapists from Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) were surveyed about the extent to which they integrate new media in the practice and their opinion about this integration. For this purpose a questionnaire was developed based on the questionnaire of Wangberg et al. (2007).

Results

Most of the psychotherapists already use e-mails as well as mobile communication to contact their patients. The main reason for choosing this modern way of communication is the possibility to simplify the management of formal issues. Psychotherapists were indifferent about the idea of web-based counseling.

Conclusion

Forms of digital media are used as an addition to conventional ways of therapeutic communication but face-to-face interaction cannot be replaced completely which is also indicated by the fact that professionals still highly value personal contact.     

Psychotherapeutinnen und Psychotherapeuten und ihr Beruf

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Psychotherapeuten und ihre psychischen Probleme

A cliché about psychotherapists, psychologists and psychiatrists is that they themselves apparently all have mental problems. This review article analyzes the state of research on the topic based on a databank search in PubMed using the terms “(mental disorders OR suicide) AND (psychologists OR psychiatrists OR therapists OR psychoanalysts)” and an analysis of relevant review articles. In the databank search only ten publications were identified which related to any mental problems of therapists. These partially confirmed an increased risk of suicide, increased mental problems, such as depression, increased burnout risk and increased problems in childhood (e.g. sexual abuse and parentification) and showed that research deficits clearly exist. With respect to coping with such risks, the topics training therapy, personal therapy, self-care, and additional opportunities are discussed. In conclusion the implications for research and practice are discussed.     

Ehrerbietung und Verantwortung*

Eine himmlische Heerschar weckte die Hirten (sind die nicht wir?) vor der Krippe mit dem Gesang: „Ehre sei Gott in der H?he und den Menschen auf Erden, die guten Willens sind.“ Mit diesen Worten verküdeten die Engel ein Programm, das im Laufe seines Erdenlebens Jesus Christus immer wieder (so zum Beispiel in der Bergpredigt) als das entscheidende Merkmal des Christentums genannt hat.     

Wohlbefinden,Burn-out und Ressourcen bei Psychotherapeuten

Background

Well-being and its correlates have rarely been investigated in psychotherapists. Results from research on other occupational groups have shown that subjective and work-related well-being are both associated with performance and motivation as well as with mental and physical health. Therefore, personal and job-related resources of practicing psychotherapists were investigated in this study in order to assess their associations with well-being.

Method

A total of 771 psychotherapists filled in an online questionnaire including questions concerning well-being (WHO-Five Well-being Index, WBI-5), burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI), and personal (Psychological Capital Questionnaire, PCQ) as well as job-related (Dutch Questionnaire on Work Experience, VBBA) resources.

Outcomes

Of the participants 45?% reported that they were suffering from high emotional exhaustion. Over 30?% reported a reduced subjective well-being, while more extensive professional experience was associated with better well-being. Psychotherapists reported optimism and hope to be the most important personal resources, whereas opportunities for personal and professional development were the most important job-related resources.

Conclusions

The study identified personal and job-related resources which may be relevant for different aspects of well-being in psychotherapists.     

Ambulante psychosomatische Nachsorge und soziale Ungleichheit

Background

Social inequality is not considered to be an influential factor in studies regarding the effectiveness of psychosomatic rehabilitation. Nevertheless, there is evidence of lower accessibility of patients with psychiatric disorders when they have a lower educational or socio-economic status.

Material and methodology

A total of 214 participants of out-patient aftercare were divided into two groups according to education and socio-economic status and compared with a control group (n=121). Changes in symptom load and the ability to manage daily life 1 year after release from in-patient rehabilitation treatment were examined in a repeated measures design.

Results

The treatment group was able to reduce symptom loads as well as improve their daily life skills. However, mainly participants with a higher education level and higher social-economic status benefited from treatment.

Conclusion

Social inequality in aftercare groups requires more targeted sociomedical consulting and an intensified case management. At the same time management of the group should not take the highest level as a general guideline.     

Psychotherapeuten ins Internet

This contribution provides recommendations and guidelines for the development of a Web site for psychotherapists, whereby the conception of the presentation predominates. In comparison, practical realisation and care of the site require only a relatively small effort. The way to a Web appearance is presented in seven steps. In addition, the way to deal with (unwanted) e-mail will be considered. The article is centered on clarity and practice orientation.     

Mangelnde Eignung bei angehenden Psychotherapeuten

Background

Psychotherapy research has shown that some therapists have systematically more negative outcomes than their colleagues. Many attempts have been made to answer the question of whether these unsuccessful therapists have specific features but as yet no consensus has been reached. Particularly in the field of psychotherapy training this issue has rarely been discussed.

Aims

This study focused on the following questions: how many trainees are incompetent, what characteristics do they have and how to deal with them? How are trainees selected?

Material and methods

In a research expertise on psychotherapy training for the German Ministry of Health, directors of training institutions were interviewed and 129 responses were analyzed using, for example content analysis.

Results

A total of 4–5?% of trainees were judged as being not sufficiently competent to become a psychotherapist. Relevant criteria were mainly the lack of personal and interpersonal competencies.

Conclusions

Future psychotherapy training should focus more and earlier on recognizing and intervening regarding incompetence in the given areas.     

Wahrheit von innen und aussen

Ohne ZusammenfassungDer hier behandelte Wahrheitsbegriff ist die philosophische Grundlage der 3- und 6-wertigen Logik, die ich in [1], [2] und anderen Arbeiten entwickelt habe. Die Leser, die diese Arbeiten kennen, bitte ich um Nachsicht für einige Wiederholungen, die anderen bitte ich um Nachsicht dafür, daß ich nicht mehr wiederhole.     

Psychotherapie von Kriegs- und Folteropfern

Within the context of worldwide migratory movements, numerous victims of war and torture are moving into western countries. Frequently, these patients are in need of psychotherapy, which is partly provided by specialized institutions. Psychotherapists of victims of war and torture have to deal with manifold additional physical, social, material, and legal problems of their clients. Therefore, such patients are best treated by multidisciplinary teams. The psychotherapy of such victims involves the classical methods for the treatment of PTSD; however, these methods may be of limited effect in these patients due to high comorbidity. Additional methods and concepts known from the treatment of complex PTSD and borderline personality disorders must be integrated into therapeutic strategies.     

Das Traumgenerierungsmodell von Ulrich Moser und Ilka von Zeppelin

Moser and von Zeppelin developed a dream generation model. Based on an empirical scientific method for dream coding derived from this model, affect regulation processes within dreams can be reconstructed. A dream of a Canadian soldier is used to illustrate this approach and to examine its possibilities as well as limitations. Finally, this article discusses how far such a procedure can be helpful in a didactical, institutional or academic context when approaching the dream phenomenon and as a process preceding dream interpretation.