癌症生存者生活质量及影响因素的调查分析

探讨不同癌症生存者的生活质量状况及其影响因素,对癌症部位、患病时间不同的癌症生存者148名,采用生活质量问卷(EORTCQLQ-30)进行测量。结果:不同年龄组之间RF、EF、SL和FI得分有统计学差异;男女患者在SF、AP和QOL方面有统计学差异。不同文化程度患者之间PF、RF、FA、NV和AP有统计学差异。患病时间与总体生活质量(QOL)之间相关性有统计学意义。不同种类癌症患者之间SF、DY、AP得分有统计学差异。有无复发或转移、是否接受手术治疗以及目前是否正在进行化疗均会对癌症生存者的生活质量产生影响。结论:人口学特征及疾病等因素均会不同程度的影响到癌症生存者的生活质量,提示医务人员应根据癌症生存者不同的特点进行有的放矢的治疗和护理,在延长其生存时间的同时也应注意提高其生活质量。     

生活方式对癌症生存者的影响

癌症生存者(cancer survivors)是指被诊断为任何类型的癌症并仍然存活的人群。癌症生存者数量的增多使得对于这一人群的生活方式对其生命质量、长期预后以及社会影响等问题越来越引起人们的关注。通过对癌症生存者生活方式的有效干预可以对其生命质量、心理状况、预后等产生影响。目前对于癌症生存者的生活方式主要通过以下三个方面进行调控:体重控制、体育活动以及饮食控制。保持健康的体重、进行适当的锻炼以及合理的饮食结构可对癌症生存者起到积极作用。     

志愿者在提高癌症生存者生命质量中的作用

癌症生存者作为医疗科技飞速发展、癌症诊疗水平不断提高后的特殊癌症患者群体,其生命质量的有效提升已成为医疗专家共同关注的热点问题。本文通过分析癌症生存者生命质量的影响因素,寻找提升生命质量的有效途径,并深入探讨志愿者及志愿服务在提高癌症生存者生命质量中的重要作用,强调了志愿服务在癌症患者照顾过程中的重要意义。     

癌症长期生存者的疼痛管理

近年来,随着癌症诊治水平的提高,有越来越多的癌症患者获得长期生存。许多癌症长期生存者经历了疾病和治疗带来的长期的躯体和/或社会心理症状。疼痛是其中最常见的症状,它严重影响了生存者的生活质量。癌症长期生存者的疼痛具有独特的病因学和症状学特征。为更好的管理癌症长期生存者的疼痛症状,本文就相关现状进行综述。     

癌症病人的生活质量及心理干预研究

本研究在前期研究的基础上进一步探讨癌症病人的生活质量状况和心理干预的效果。运用病例对照实验设计 ,选用生活质量问卷 (QLQ C3 0 )作为主要测查工具 ,采用两因素混合实验方差分析统计方法 ,对 1 2 0名住院化疗病人进行了比较分析。结果显示 :躯体功能 (PF)、角色功能 (RF)、情绪功能(EF)、认知功能 (CF)和整体生活质量 (QL)得分在治疗前后和实验与对照组之间的交互作用均显著和非常显著 ;症状量表和单项症状中交互作用显著和非常显著的有 :疲乏 (FA)、呼吸困难 (DY)、失眠 (SL)、食欲丧失 (AP)。因此 ,化疗对病人的生活质量有明显的影响 ,经心理干预后癌症病人的各种功能状况和症状得到不同程度的改善。     

癌症生存者不能成为“失医者”

随着医疗技术的提高,癌症死亡率下降,癌症生存者逐渐成为一个庞大的群体。但是现有的医疗模式和医疗制度没有对这一人群给予足够的关注,使他们成为事实上的"失医者"。为解决这一问题,国外的同行们已经着手制定诊疗指南,旨在改善癌症生存者的生存质量。根据目前我国癌症患者的情况,可将癌症生存者分为两大类,即:"完全康复的癌症生存者"和"期待康复的癌症生存者"。不同的癌症生存者群体有各自的特殊需求。无论处于何种情况,他们都需要社会的关注和善待,从而摆脱失医状态,得到最适宜的治疗。     

癌症患者生存质量研究进展

随着癌症患者生存时间和生存人数的增加,生存者本人和家属更加重视生存质量.本文总结分析近年来国内外癌症患者生存质量的研究状况,以期在癌症治疗过程中,不仅关注躯体功能和疾病本身以及由治疗带来的症状和体征,同时注重心理和社会职能.     

关注晚期癌症患者的生活质量

在强调整体医学的今天,在肿瘤治疗尚未出现理想疗效的前提下,肿瘤治疗目标应遵循生存率与生活质量(QOL)并重的原则.在诊治晚期癌症患者过程中不仅要关心他们的生存期,更要关心他们的生活质量.在诊治过程中要根据他们独特的心理和生理特征给予全方位关怀,减轻痛苦、维持生命质量和保证他们应有的人格尊严.     

老年早期结直肠癌患者内镜下黏膜剥离术安全性、疗效及术后整体生活质量调查

针对内镜下黏膜剥离术(ESD)对老年患者早期结直肠癌治疗的安全性、疗效及术后整体生活质量加以评价。68例病例组(老年组)和同时期52例对照组(非老年组)纳入研究。结果显示两组患者在性别比例、体质量指数、病变部位、内镜分型、病理类型、病变大小、手术操作时间、住院天数、完整切除和整块切除率上差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者在"术中出血"、"迟发性术后出血"、"穿孔"这三项并发症上差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在生活质量指数量表(QL-Index)评分上,两组差异无统计学意义。在欧洲肿瘤研究和治疗联盟关于癌症患者生活质量调查评分30(QLQ-C30)评分上,除去"失眠"项目老年组患者得分显著高于非老年组患者(P=0.028),其他各项目上两组得分差异无统计学意义。因此,老年早期结直肠癌患者ESD手术治疗是相对安全和有效的。     

癌症疼痛规范化治疗对肿瘤化疗效果的影响

为了探讨癌症疼痛规范化治疗对化疗疗效的影响,本文回顾分析了2012年1月~2013年12月大连医科大学附属第一医院收治的具有明显癌症疼痛并接受含铂两药联合方案化疗的肺癌患者312例,分为癌症疼痛非规范化治疗组和癌症疼痛规范化治疗组,结果显示:两组治疗后的生活质量均有所提高,规范化组更为显著,两组mOS有显著差异,在亚组中,有骨转移的患者的效果更好。提示癌症疼痛规范化治疗可提高化疗疗效,改善患者生活质量,延长生存期,与是否有骨转移无关。     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.