赵朴初与星云的人间佛教理念及实践

在海峡两岸佛教界,赵朴老与星云法师的人间佛教思想最为接近。他们都不是太虚大师的亲传弟子,但都直接继承了太虚的人间佛教理论。他们都以真常唯心论作为人间佛教理念的思想基础,这点与印顺法师不同。他们都有思想、有实践,使人间佛教的光辉实实在在地照耀着海峡两岸。继承前人大业,解答实践中出现的疑难,推进人间佛教理论实践的发展,是后人应尽之责。     

中国佛教的当代抉择——浅谈赵朴初居士《佛教常识答问》的历史意义

《佛教常识答问》是1949年以来佛教界推出的影响最大的一部书，具有抉择佛法胜义和型塑佛教未来的重要作用。《答问》将佛教的创始人释迦牟尼视为历史上真实存在的一位伟大的思想家和宗教家，将佛教的开展视为一个不断发展、丰富的思想历程，对中国佛教各宗派的殊胜义理进行称扬，将藏语系和巴利语系的佛教视为中国佛教的有机组成部分。作者主张充分发扬人间佛教的优越性，为社会主义建设作出贡献。《答问》对人间佛教的阐释对党和国家形成积极引导宗教与社会主义相适应的政策提供了素材。     

八十年代以来的人间佛教

本文对八十年代以来人间佛教的倡导与实践情况作了简要论述，指出八十年代至今是佛教发展的一个关键时期，在此时期，由于赵朴初等人的大力倡导，人间佛教在实践方面取得了许多成就。     

当代人间佛教实践的“星云模式”

台湾佛光山数十年来“人间佛教”思想的不断丰富与实践,使得当代“人间佛教”的发展呈现出最具代表性的“星云模式”。论文基于星云大师“人间佛教”思想及在佛光山的深入实践,梳理和总结了当代人间佛教的“星云模式”,并认为以佛法建设为中心的弘法利生模式、以佛教社团为中介的资源动员模式和以人间佛教为纽带的社会信仰模式,是当代人间佛教“星云模式”的三大要件,是佛光山“人间佛教”思想得以实践,并取得巨大成就的根本原因,更体现了星云大师博大精深的佛教社会学思想。     

赵朴初对人间佛教的“三个打通”思想管窥

主要探讨了赵朴初居士在“人间佛教”思想和实践方面的贡献，其贡献表现在打通了“人间佛教”的理论和实践、传承和创新、戒杀与杀魔等；“人间佛教”思想还将在新的历史时期为“中国梦”的实现作出更大贡献。     

关注人类生命健康 弘扬佛医养生思想——21世纪人间佛教建设的方便法门

生命与健康,是人类生活的一个永恒主题。人间佛教的建设,不能回避这一主题。大力弘扬佛教思想宝库中蕴涵的有现代价值的医药养生思想,是二十一世纪佛教与现代社会相契合,将佛法图融于社会,服务人生,建设人间佛教的方便法门之一。     

佛法与众生法的协和:从佛教中国化论人间佛教及其价值取向

本文从三个维度来对"人间佛教"进行观照,试图由此而切入关于"人间佛教"之概念及其意义与价值的理解。(1)从历史维度来看,"人间佛教"是对佛教中国化进程中所体现出来的根本精神的继承,是针对中国佛教之衰落形态的一种具有现代意义的改革运动,体现为中国化佛教发展的一个新阶段;(2)从现实维度来看,"人间佛教"是在现代生活场域之中,以"契机"为方便而实现的关于佛陀教义的化仪更新,体现为佛教的一种新实践;(3)从理论维度来看,"人间佛教"是对佛教之根本义理及其价值的重新拣择,基于化仪更新而实现了佛教价值之实现境域的转移,而体现为中国佛教发展的一种新形态。     

巨赞对太虚思想的实践研究

巨赞是中国现当代最重要的佛教改革家之一。其佛教改革思想继承了太虚佛教革命思想的精神、主旨,及其“人间佛教”思想的内核——大乘菩萨行,并注入了更多现实性因素,可谓太虚佛教革命和“人间佛教”思想的实践。它在根本上推动着佛教与人生、时代、社会的融合。     

不离世间觉 人间佛教的传播理念与策略

<正>“人间佛教”提出一百年来，其以大乘佛教“舍己利人”“饶益有情”的菩萨精神改善人心、人生、人间的义理已臻完备。人间佛教对佛法的传播采取了一条适合现代众生、行教重于言教的入世化、人间化、现代化路线。     

人间佛教的百年回顾与反思——以太虚、印顺和星云为中心

人间佛教是近百年来海峡两岸中国佛教的主流趋势,也是近十多年来海峡两岸学术界都非常重视和热烈讨论的焦点问题之一。本文针对相关讨论,以太虚、印顺法师和星云三位公认的人间佛教思想家和实践家为代表,探讨了人间佛教百年历程中的若干重要问题,阐述了百年人间佛教三个历史座标的历史联系及其各自的特点,指出太虚是现代人间佛教运动的开创者和思想家,印顺法师是现代人间佛教学术理想的提出者和佛学家,而星云是推动现代人间佛教运动发展的最重要的实践家。     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.