/n/-/l/音位合并现象的神经机制：来自MMN的证据

采用ERP技术,比较音位合并者与非音位合并者辨别合并音位/n/-/l/的脑电和行为反应。结果发现,非音位合并者在注意前阶段展现了显著的MMN;而音位合并者没有展现MMN,但在晚期展现了一个显著的负波。行为实验发现,相比于音位合并者,非音位合并者在分辨/n/-/l/时正确率更高,反应时更短。这些结果表明：两组被试区分/n/-/l/的能力在早期自动加工阶段就已经有了显著的差异。方言经验可能降低了音位合并者在听觉感觉加工阶段检测合并音位差异的敏感度。     

Kolb学习风格与中国大学生英语/i/-/I/发音的关系

以中国大学生为对象, 在对其英语/i/-/&;#618;/发音进行声学分析的基础上, 从Kolb经验学习模式入手, 结合其他相关学习者因素, 探讨学习风格与英语/i/-/&;#618;/发音的关系。结果显示, 中国学生发音表现个体差异较大, 其发音水平与学习风格紧密相关：吸收型和发散型学习者表现较好, 集中型学习者较差, 适应型学习者最差。另外, 中国学生发音表现与其英语使用和练习量也有显著正相关, 但与英语学习起始年龄和英语教育年限等其他因素都无直接联系。     

隆重/推出

正本书包括活跃于我国当代的94位美学家的"学术自述",和有关专家的"述评"、回忆,深入阐释了各美学家的学术道路、研究成就,展示了其治学精神。所收囊括美学界三代主要专家、学者,涵盖美学理论、技术美学、文艺美学、美育等各个分支。"自述"皆为美学家的真知灼见,"评述"均由其师友撰写,真切、可信。全部文章均由《美与时代》首发,因此本书体式具创新性,内容具有很高的学术性、权威性,和重要的历史价值。     

/DESIGN/视障儿童玩教具创新设计

正~~     

Black-white differences at ages 212−812 on the McCarthy scales of children's abilities

Comparisons were made between matched groups of black and white children on the new McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. Using the standardization sample as the data source, 148 matched pairs were obtained. These were grouped as follows: ages $\text{2}\text{1}\text{2}\text{?3}\text{1}\text{2}\text{(}\text{N}\text{= 60), 6}\text{1}\text{2}\text{8}\text{1}\text{2}\text{(}\text{N}\text{= 45)}$. The blacks and whites did not differ significantly on any of the cognitive scales at ages $\text{2}\text{1}\text{2}\text{?3}\text{1}\text{2}\text{and}\text{4?5}\text{1}\text{2}$, although at ages $\text{6}\text{1}\text{2}\text{-8}\text{1}\text{2}$ the whites scored about $\text{1}\text{2}\text{SD}$ higher. The blacks scored significantly higher on the Motor Scale at ages $\text{4?5}\text{1}\text{2}$ but there were no differences at other ages. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

HIV/AIDS防治:中国MDGs/全面小康的困境与出路

联合国千年发展目标(MDGs)与全面小康目标的一致性使其从独特角度审视当代中国小康进程.中国MDGs实施状况表明,艾滋病病毒/艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)防治是发展薄弱环节,这将对中国小康进程带来诸如贫困等问题.歧视和羞辱是艾滋病病毒/艾滋病防治目标的最大社会障碍,而现存法律因素更无意识强化了这种歧视.建立有效的沟通策略与法律支持、"让艾滋病人群更大地参入到目标中来"(GIPA)可能是当前的出路.关注艾滋病病毒/艾滋病防治,实现中国MDGs,是中国全面小康社会的必经之路.     

IV/AIDS防治:中国MDGs/全面小康的困境与出路

联合国千年发展目标(MDGs)与全面小康目标的一致性使其从独特角度审视当代中国小康进程。中国MDGs实施状况表明,艾滋病病毒/艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)防治是发展薄弱环节,这将对中国小康进程带来诸如贫困等问题。歧视和羞辱是艾滋病病毒/艾滋病防治目标的最大社会障碍,而现存法律因素更无意识强化了这种歧视。建立有效的沟通策略与法律支持、“让艾滋病人群更大地参入到目标中来”(GIPA)可能是当前的出路。关注艾滋病病毒/艾滋病防治,实现中国MDGs ,是中国全面小康社会的必经之路     

Which Executive Functioning Deficits Are Associated With AD/HD,ODD/CD and Comorbid AD/HD+ODD/CD?

This study investigated (1) whether attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is associated with executive functioning (EF) deficits while controlling for oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD), (2) whether ODD/CD is associated with EF deficits while controlling for AD/HD, and (3)~whether a combination of AD/HD and ODD/CD is associated with EF deficits (and the possibility that there is no association between EF deficits and AD/HD or ODD/CD in isolation). Subjects were 99~children ages 6–12 years. Three putative domains of EF were investigated using well-validated tests: verbal fluency, working memory, and planning. Independent of ODD/CD, AD/HD was associated with deficits in planning and working memory, but not in verbal fluency. Only teacher rated AD/HD, but not parent rated AD/HD, significantly contributed to the prediction of EF task performance. No EF deficits were associated with ODD/CD. The presence of comorbid AD/HD accounts for the EF deficits in children with comorbid AD/HD+ODD/CD. These results suggest that EF deficits are unique to AD/HD and support the model proposed by R. A. Barkley (1997).     

WHO/WHAT IS/ARE THE CHURCH (ES)?

This paper explores the essays of two prominent ecclesiologists, Joseph Komonchak and Hans Urs Von Balthasar, on their respective fundamental definitions of the Church. Gleaning insights from their different perspectives, the paper applies aspects of Lonergan's philosophy in order to clarify some methodological presuppositions and some ecclesial distortions to be corrected in light of those presuppositions. Additionally, it addresses two fundamental issues for consideration in a post‐conciliar theology of the Church.     

Tomboyism or Lesbianism? Beyond Sex/Gender/Sexual Conflation

To illuminate questions of sex/gender/sexual conflation the researcher focused on the relationship between reported tomboyism and lesbianism. Narratives of childhood and adolescence were collected from 32 women who were grouped into four gender/sexual status combinations: “lesbian/bisexual butch,” “straight butch,” “lesbian/bisexual femme,” and “straight femme.” The effects of participants’ sexual and gendered statuses on their retrospective accounts of two aspects of tomboyism—“choosing masculinity” and “rejecting femininity”—were examined. Chi square and qualitative analyses suggest that stage in the life cycle, gender, and sexual status influence distinct mergings and separations of sex, gender, and sexuality in women’s retrospective reports. The researcher concludes that attention to sex, gender, and sexuality as both distinct and connected clarifies the relationship between tomboyism and lesbianism.Part of this paper was presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association in Atlanta, Georgia in 2003. Interview data for this study were originally collected for an unpublished dissertation (Carr, 2002).     

基于DS/AHP的人员选拔方法

该研究针对人员选拔方式以选拔人员的主观判断为基础的特点,介绍一种解决不确定型多属性决策问题的DS/AHP方法。据此构造人员选拔的数学模型,对人员选拔信息进行分解与合成,将非确定性的主观评价转化为对定量指标的评价,在不同程度上得到候选人员所处的各种区间范围。实证分析表明,该方法可以对人员选拔信息进行合理的分解与融合,并且能够有效地处理人员选拔过程中的模糊性与不确定性。     

视觉空间注意的定向/重定向

基于位置的注意理论认为注意分布是以特定的空间位置或区域为基础,该理论认为,被试根据任务要求,注意焦点可以像聚光灯一样移动、注意范围可以像变焦镜头一样进行缩放以及注意在焦点处集中程度最高,并向四周逐渐扩散。自Posner提出这一理论以来,近30年研究者们对视觉空间的注意定向/重定向开展了大量的研究。本文对此进行了综述,一方面包括注意定向/重定向的范式、类型;另一方面包括由此产生的早期易化和晚期抑制效应以及未来研究展望。     

从所指/能指到能指/所指 --论拉康对索绪尔二元论的批判

从所指／能指到能指／所指,这不是一种简单的颠倒。通过形式上的颠倒,拉康对索绪尔的二元论进行了批判,并且指出,二元论并非语言结构分析的结果,而是来自传统形而上学思想。