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1.

Antecedent-Relative Comparative World Similarity

Charles B. Cross 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2008,37(2):101-120

In “Backward Causation and the Stalnaker–Lewis Approach to Counterfactuals,” Analysis 62:191–7, (2002), Michael Tooley argues that if a certain kind of backward causation is possible, then a Stalnaker–Lewis comparative world similarity account of the truth conditions of counterfactuals cannot be sound. In “Tooley on Backward Causation,” Analysis 63:157–62, (2003), Paul Noordhof argues that Tooley’s example can be reconciled with a Stalnaker–Lewis account of counterfactuals if the comparative world similarity relation on which the Stalnaker–Lewis account relies is allowed to be antecedent-relative. In this paper I show that taking comparative world similarity to be antecedent-relative results in a formal semantics which is a comparative world similarity semantics in name only. 相似文献

2.

Daniel Lassiter Jean Baratgin 《Thought: A Journal of Philosophy》2021,10(1):42-52

The trivalent, truth‐functional theory of conditionals proposed by de Finetti in 1936 and developed in a scattered literature since has enjoyed a recent revival in philosophy, psychology, and linguistics. However, several theorists have argued that this approach is fatally flawed in that it cannot correctly account for nested conditionals and compounds of conditionals. Focusing on nested conditionals, we observe that the problem cases uniformly involve generic predicates, and that the inference patterns claimed to be problematic are very plausible when we ensure that only non‐generic (episodic and stative) predicates are used. In addition, the trivalent theory makes correct predictions about the original, generic counter‐examples when combined with an off‐the‐shelf theory of genericity. The ability of the trivalent semantics to account for this complex interaction with genericity thus appears as a strong argument in its favor. 相似文献

3.

Daniel Pallies 《Thought: A Journal of Philosophy》2019,8(2):139-148

According to a view that goes by “Humeanism,” causal facts supervene on patterns of worldly entities. The simplest form of Humeanism is the constant conjunction theory: a particular type‐F thing causes a particular type‐G thing iff (i) that type‐F is conjoined with that type‐G thing and (ii) all F's are conjoined with G's. The constant conjunction theory implies that all causation is extrinsic, in the following sense: for all positive causal facts pertaining to each possible region, it's extrinsic to that region that those causal facts pertain to it. Actual Humeans don't accept the constant conjunction theory; they accept more sophisticated versions of Humeanism. But I argue that they, too, are committed to the thesis that all causation is extrinsic. In arguing for this claim, I use a discussion from Brian Weatherson as a springboard. Weatherson argues that on a plausible Humean view, some regions are such that all of their possible duplicates have the same or similar natural laws. I show that this is false. If Humeanism is true, then for every possible region, there are possible duplicates of that region with utterly alien natural laws. As a consequence, no causal facts pertain intrinsically to any region. 相似文献

4.

Ryan Wasserman 《Thought: A Journal of Philosophy》2015,4(3):141-150

David Lewis famously defends a counterfactual theory of causation and a non‐causal, similarity‐based theory of counterfactuals. Lewis also famously defends the possibility of backward causation. I argue that this combination of views is untenable—given the possibility of backward causation, one ought to reject Lewis's theories of causation and counterfactuals. 相似文献

5.

Logic of primary-conditionals and secondary-conditionals

Zhuanghu Liu Xiaowu Li 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2006,1(4):710-725

Firstly, the authors analyzed the properties of primary-onditionals and secondary-conditionals, establish the minimum system C2L _m of primary-conditionals and secondary-conditionals, and then prove some of the formal theorems of the system which have important intuitive meanings. Secondly, the authors constructed the neighborhood semantics, prove the soundness of C2L _m, introduce a general concept of canonical model by the neighborhood semantics, and then prove the completeness of C2L _m by the canonical model. Finally, according to the technical results of the minimum system C2L _m, the authors discuss some of the important problems concerning primary-conditionals and secondary-onditionals. __________ Translated from Luoji Yu Renzhi 逻辑与认知 (Logic and Cognition) (online journal), 2004 (3) 相似文献

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