A Career Counseling Diagnostic Model: How to Assess and Counsel Career-Concerned Clients

This article provides a practical and proven diagnostic system that can be used by career counselors to assess and counsel their clients.     

An Integrated Model of Outplacement Counseling

There is not a large amount of information on the subject of outplacement counseling. Although there are 3 existing models of outplacement, they do not contain the practical and theoretical elements necessary for a complete and effective model of outplacement counseling. The Aquilanti Integrated Model of Outplacement was developed from various aspects of existing grief and career theories after a literature review of these models to provide a complete approach to outplacement counseling.     

A Constructive Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy Supervision

Clinical supervision is central to the successful training and ongoing professional development of counselors and psychotherapists. Although clinical supervision shares much in common with psychotherapy, it is a distinct activity from psychotherapy that requires its own distinct theories and techniques (Bernard & Goodyear, 2014). In this article, an approach to clinical supervision (which I refer to as constructive clinical supervision) that is grounded in constructivist principles of learning, growth, and development is presented. In addition to outlining the key constructivist principles that have influenced this approach, I also provide supervision strategies that can be used to facilitate critical self-reflection in supervisees, which includes establishing a solid relationship, asking reflective questions, and implementing reflective-based activities. Additionally, guidelines for conducting supervisee assessment and evaluation in ways consistent with constructivist thinking are described.     

Best Practices for Counseling Clients Experiencing Poverty: A Grounded Theory

Poverty is a pressing sociopolitical issue in the United States and worldwide. Poverty experiences have a significant effect on one’s mental health and overall wellness. Therefore, the ability to effectively serve clients experiencing poverty is critically important to professional counselors. However, there are no empirical models for counseling clients experiencing poverty. The authors present the results of a constructivist grounded theory study in which 21 professional counselors who work with clients experiencing poverty were interviewed to identify best practices for working with this population. Five major best practices are identified: (a) awareness, (b) training, (c) knowledge, (d) skills, and (e) advocacy. Implications for professional counseling are included.     

Counseling Clients with Chronic Pain: A Religiously Oriented Cognitive Behavior Framework

The experience of chronic pain is largely influenced by core schemas and cognitive processes, including those that are religious in nature. When these schemas are negative, they contribute to the exacerbation of pain and related problems. A framework is presented for the identification of problematic religious schemas and their modification through cognitive behavior strategies.     

Counseling and the Bystander-Equity Model of Supervisory Helping Behavior: Directions for EAP Research

The proliferation of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) has created new opportunities for persons in the counseling profession to examine specific psychological, sociological, and environmental factors associated with employee occupational mental health, stress-affected work performance, vocational adjustment, and job-related social behavior. In this article, we discuss the contribution that Bayer and Gerstein's (1988a) Bystander-Equity Model of Supervisory Helping Behavior can make to the pursuit of EAP research based on the traditions of the field of counseling. We also offer the field a structure for pursuing empirical and applied activities in EAP settings. Finally, we encourage counseling researchers and practitioners to respond to the challenge of working much more closely with EAPs, so that our profession can further establish its commitment to investigating various aspects of vocational behavior.     

Processes and Stages of Change: Counseling With the Transtheoretical Model of Change

Technical eclecticism and theoretical integration literature has typically examined how multiple approaches to counseling practice may lead to more comprehensive and functional outcomes. Few have proposed an integration of approaches from a scientist‐practitioner perspective; many others have neglected the richness found in the body of existing theory. The purpose of this synthesis is to highlight the contributions that the Transtheoretical Model of Change (J. O. Prochaska & C. C. DiClemente, 1984; J. O. Prochaska & J. C. Norcross, 1994) has for technical eclecticism and theoretical integration. The intervention implications of processes and stages of change are discussed.     

Constructive Development and Career Transition: Implications for Counseling

The ability to effectively manage career transition may be related to an individual's meaning-making framework, or constructive development. The implications of constructive developmental theory for career choice and implementation are explored. The interplay between career transition and developmental transformation is examined, and counseling strategies for assisting such transformation are proposed. Case illustrations are offered.     

Counseling Clients Who Self‐Injure: Ethical Considerations

This article provides an overview of ethical considerations related to counseling clients who engage in self‐injurious behaviors. Ethical issues concerning client welfare, counselor competence, countertransference, referral and consultation, informed consent, and duty to protect are discussed in relation to the American Counseling Association's (1995) Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice. Implications and recommendations for counselors who work with clients who self‐injure are provided.     

Learning from Clients: Counseling the Frail and Dying Elderly

Each counseling experience with a frail or dying client is a learning opportunity. In these circumstances if is the counselor who is the student.     

Counseling Older Japanese American Clients: An Overview and Observations

Older Japanese American clients bring a unique set of historical and cultural characteristics to the counseling setting. Several important aspects of providing counseling to this group are discussed, including ethical issues based on cultural differences and nontraditional approaches to counseling.     

Counselors' Values Profile: Implications for Counseling Ethnic Minority Clients

The authors review the empirical literature on counselors' values, describe values salient to the 4 largest ethnic minority groups in the United States, identify similarities and differences between counselors' values and those of the minority groups, and discuss implications for counseling ethnically different clients. Understanding counselors' values can lead to an examination of how these values may affect the counseling process, particularly when clients are from ethnic minority groups that may espouse differing cultural values.